Aircraft art

Được ov10 sửa chữa / chuyển vào 13:10 ngày 17/06/2006

The Nakajima Kikka (Japanese: 中島 ~S, "Kikka" meaning "Orange Blossom") was Japan''s first jet-powered aircraft. It was developed late in World War II, but the first prototype had only flown once before the end of the conflict.
Description
Role: Attack aircraft
Crew: one, pilot
Dimensions
Length 8.13 m
Wingspan 10.00 m
Height 2.95 m
Wing area 13.2 m²
Weights Empty 2,300 kg, Loaded 3,507 kg
Maximum take-off 4,088 kg
Powerplant: Engines 2x Ne-20 turbojets, Total thrust 9.4 kN (2,094 lbf)
Performance (estimated)
Maximum speed 695 km/h 433 mph
Range 937 km 586 miles
Service ceiling 12,303 m 39,370 ft
Rate of climb 387 m/min 1,237 ft/min
Development
After the Japanese military attaché in Germany witnessed trials of the Messerschmitt Me 262 in 1944, the Imperial Japanese Navy issued a request to Nakajima to develop a similar aircraft to be used as a fast attack bomber. Amongst the specifications for the design were the requirements that it should be able to be built largely by unskilled labour, and that the wings should be foldable. This latter feature was to enable the aircraft to be hidden in ****s and tunnels around Japan as the Navy began to prepare for the defence of the home islands. Nakajima designers Kazuo Ohno and Kenichi Matsumura laid out an aircraft that bore a strong but superficial resemblance to the Me 262.
The Kikka was designed in preliminary form to use the Tsu-11, a very crude jet engine that was little more than a ducted fan with an afterburner. Subsequent designs were planned around the Ne-10 (TR-10) centrifugal-flow turbojet, and the Ne-12, which added a four-stage axial compressor to the front of the Ne-10. Tests of this powerplant soon revealed that it would produce nowhere near the power required to propel the aircraft, and the project was temporarily stalled. It was then decided to produce a new axial-flow turbojet based on the German BMW 003. Development was troublesome and based on little more than photographs and a cut-away drawing, but a suitable unit, the Ishikawajima Ne-20, was finally built. By Summer 1945, the Kikka project was making progress once again and at this stage, reflecting the deteriorating war situation, the Navy changed the role of the aircraft to "special attacker", the term reserved for kamikaze weapons.
Compared to the Me-262, the Kikka airframe was noticeably smaller and more conventional in design, with straight rather than swept wings and tail surfaces. The triangular cross-section characteristic of the German design was less pronounced, due to smaller fuel tanks. The main landing gear of the Kikka were taken from the Mitsubishi Zero and the nose wheel from the tail of a Yokosuka P1Y bomber.

The Nakajima Kikka, equipped with RATO rockets for lift-off.The first prototype commenced ground tests at the Nakajima factory on June 30, 1945. The following month it was dismantled and delivered to Kisarazu Naval Airfield where it was re-assembled and prepared for flight testing. The first flight took place on August 7, 1945, with Lt Cdr Susumu Takaoka at the controls. The aircraft performed well during a 20 minute test flight, with the only concern being the length of the take-off run. For the second test-flight, four days later, RATO units were fitted to the aircraft but, because their alignment had been miscalculated, the pilot mistakenly believed that they had not fired and thus shut off the main engines to abort take-off. As a result the aircraft could not take off at all and was damaged when it ran off the end of the runway. Before it could be repaired Japan had surrendered and the war was over.
At this point the second prototype was close to completion, and between eighteen and twenty-five more airframes were under construction. One of these was a two-seat trainer. Other follow-on versions proposed had included a reconnaissance aircraft, and a fighter armed with two 30 mm cannons. These were expected to be powered by more advanced developments of the Ne-20, designated Ne-130 and Ne-330.
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Postwar

A Kikka stationned at the Patuxent River Naval Air Base, Maryland, in 1946.After the war, a Kikka was taken to the United States, for analysis, to the Patuxent River Naval Air Base, Maryland.
It is now housed in the National Air and Space Museum. This aircraft is very incomplete and is believed to have been patched together from a variety of semi-completed airframes.

Cover page of the Chrysler Corporation 1947 report on the Japanese WWII jet engine Ne-20, titled "Japanese NE-20 turbo jet engine. Construction and performance".It also emerged very recently (October 2005) that two Ne-20 jet engines had been taken to the US and sent for analysis to the Chrysler Corporation in 1946. This was revealed by W.I. Chapman, who was in charge of the project at the time. A working engine was assembled with the parts of the two Ne-20s, and extensively tested for 11 hours and 46 minutes. A report was issued on April 7th, 1947, titled "Japanese NE-20 turbo jet engine. Construction and performance". The document is now on display at the Tokyo National Science Museum.
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Some Versions
Nakajima Aircraft Company developed some variants of these aircraft:
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Jet Interceptor model
Estimated data about this development:
Proposed developments: (equivalents to Me 262 A-1a fighter type)
Nakajima "Kikka" Turbojet Interceptor Basic version
Length : 11.50 m
Wing Span : 13.70 m
Height : 4.05 m
Wing Area : 25.0 m²
All-Up Weight : 7,000 kg
Empty Weight : 4,500 kg
Engine : 2 x Ishikawajima Ne-130 Turbojet, 908 kgf (8.90 kN) or Nakajima Ne-230 *Turbojet, 885 kgf (8.68 kN)
Max Speed : 852 km/h (Ne-130), 812 km/h (Ne-230)
Range : 980 km
Service Ceiling : 12,000+ m
Crew : 1
Armament: (only interceptor variant)
30 mm Ho155-II Machine Gun x 2 or 20 mm Ho5 Machine Gun x 2 (for Navy)
- if the regular version, equal to Nakajima Ki-201 "Karyuu" Army Interceptor jet fighter
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Jet interceptor modifications
Only incomplete data about this development:
Nakajima "Kikka" Turbojet Interceptor Modify (three different plans)
- Three developed projects for Nakajima "Kikka" Interceptor were planned in May 1945.
1st Project: Present Plan:
Length : 9.25 m
Wing Span : 10.00 m
Height : 3.05 m
Wing Area : 13.21 m²
All-Up Weight : 4,152 kg
Empty Weight : 3,920 kg
Engine : 2 x Ishikawajima Ne20-Kai Turbojet, 618 kgf (6.06 kN)
Max Speed : 700 km/h (altitude: 6,000 m)
Max Range : 609 km (altitude: 6,000 m)
Service Ceiling : 12,100 m
Crew : 1
Armament : 30mm Type 5 Machine Gun x 1
RATO : 2 x Type4 1-Go Model20 Rocket (800 kg)
2nd Project: Reconstruction Flaps Plan
- Same data as Present Previous Plan.
3rd Project: Reconstruction Flaps & Extended Wing Plan
Length : 9.25 m
Wing Span : 10.00 m
Height : 3.05 m
Wing Area : 14.52 m²
Engine : 2 x Ishikawajima Ne20-Kai Turbojet, 618 kgf (6.06 kN)
Max Speed : 685 km/h (Altitude: 6,000 m)
Max Range : 594 km (Altitude: 6,000 m)
Service Ceiling : 12,300 m
Crew : 1
Armament : 30mm Type 5 Machine Gun x 1
RATO : Type4 1-Go Model20 Rocket (800 kg) x 2
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Jet Fighter/Bomber model
Estimated data about this development:
Proposed developments (equivalent to Me 262 A-2a fighter/bomber type)
Nakajima "Kikka" Turbojet Fighter/Bomber version
Length : 11.50 m
Wing Span : 13.70 m
Height : 4.05 m
Wing Area : 25.0 m²
All-Up Weight : 7,000 kg
Empty Weight : 4,500 kg
Engine : 2 x Ishikawajima Ne-130 Turbojet, 908 kgf (8.90 kN) or Nakajima Ne-230 *Turbojet, 885 kgf (8.68 kN)
Max Speed : 852 km/h (Ne-130), 812 km/h (Ne-230)
Range : 980 km
Service Ceiling : 12,000+ m
Crew : 1
Armament : (only fighter bomber variant)
30 mm Ho155-II Machine Gun x 2 or 20m m Ho5 Machine Gun x 2 (for Navy)
800 kg or 500 kg bomb x 1
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Jet Trainer model
Estimated data about this development:
Proposed Development (equivalent to Me 262 B-1a trainer type):
Nakajima "Kikka" Turbojet Operative Trainer is the trainer tandem version of "Kikka" Interceptor/Special Attacker Jet plane
Length : 9.25 m
Wing Span : 10.00 m
Height: 3.05 m
Wing Area : 13.21 m²
All-Up Weight : 4,009 kg
Engine : 2 x Ishikawajima Ne20-kai Turbojet, 618 kgf (6.06 kN)
Max Speed : 722 km/h (Altitude: 6,000 m)
Max Range : 667 km (Altitude: 6,000 m)
Crew : 2
RATO : Type4 1-Go Model20 Rocket (800 kg) x 2
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Jet Special Attacker (Kamikaze) models
Estimated data about this development:
Proposed Special Attack Projects (only in plans):
Nakajima "Kikka" Prototype Turbojet Special Attacker (Type 20 Special Attacker "Kikka")
Length : 9.25 m
Wing Span : 10.00 m
Height : 3.05 m
Wing Area : 13.21 m²
All-Up Weight : 3,550 kg
Empty Weight : 2,300 kg
Engine : 2 x Ishikawajima Ne20 Turbojet, 475 kgf (4.66 kN)
Max Speed : 677 km/h (Altitude: 6,000 m)
Max Range : 584 km (Altitude: 6,000 m)
Service Ceiling : 10,700 m
Crew : 1
Bomb : 500 kg or 250 kg x 1 (for Special Attacks)
RATO : Type4 1-Go Model20 Rocket (800 kg) x 2
Nakajima "Kikka-kai" Prototype Turbojet Special Attacker
High speed modify project. Launch from 200 m catapult was also planned.
Length : 9.25 m
Wing Span : 10.00 m
Height : 3.05 m
Wing Area : 13.21 m²
All-Up Weight : 4,080 kg
Engine : 2 x Ishikawajima Ne20 Turbojet, 475 kgf (4.66 kN)
Max Speed : 687 km/h (Altitude: 6,000 m)
Max Range : 584 km (Altitude: 6,000 m)
Service Ceiling : 10,700 m
Crew : 1
Bomb : 500 kg or 250 kg x 1 (for Special Attacks)
RATO : Type4 1-Go Model20 Rocket (800 kg) x 2
Nguồn http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakajima_Kikka

Được ov10 sửa chữa / chuyển vào 20:00 ngày 18/06/2006

Được ov10 sửa chữa / chuyển vào 12:20 ngày 19/06/2006

theo em nhớ thì hình như là HiTLE có tặng 2 chiếc ME 262 cho Quân đội nhật bấy h
cả 2 chiếc này đều bị quân Mỹ tịch thu trong PACIFIC WAR
có cái ảnh 1 chú lính mỹ đứng cạnh 1 chiếc này trong BOX mình thì phải

21/06/2006



Được ov10 sửa chữa / chuyển vào 01:34 ngày 21/06/2006

Được ov10 sửa chữa / chuyển vào 14:20 ngày 24/06/2006

HO-299B Nachtjager.
Tiền thân của B-2 (?).

Có phải là một phiên bản khác của HO-299?

King Fisher.

Được ov10 sửa chữa / chuyển vào 15:13 ngày 25/06/2006