AK47 huyền thoại và hiện thực

Finnish RKm60 and RKm62

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Type 86-S Bullpup AK

Produced by North China Industries (NORINCO).
Caliber, mm 7.62
Cartridge 7.62x39
Length, overal, mm 667
Barrel Length, mm 438
Magazine capacity, rds 30
Weight w/empty magazine, g 3580
Action Semi-Auto
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YugoImports ZASTAVA M80 & M80A

The Zastava M80 and M80A automatic rifles belong to the family of automatic weapons (automatic rifles M80 and M80A, light machine guns M82 and M82A and submachine gun M85) designed on the basis of the cartridge 5.56 x 45 mm.
The weapons of this family use the same magazine and have the same main component parts. They are gas-operated weapons, provided with single and automatic fire. The M80 and M80A are modern weapons of high fire power and light weight.
The combat knife fitted to the rifle and it is used as a bayonet. In combination with the scabbard, it is used as scissors to cut wire obstacles, cables and the like. The toothed part of the blade can be used as a cutting saw. The handle and scabbard are insulated. The knife may be fitted to the rifle cal 7.62 x 39 mm M70 and any version utilizing the cartridge 7.62 x 39 mm and also to the rifle based on the cartridge 7.62 x 51 mm (NATO), rifles based on cartridge 5.56 mm and sniper rifle 7.92 mm M76.
Characteristics
Caliber, mm 5.56
Cartridge 5.56x45
Length, overal, mm 985
Length, folded, mm 725
Barrel Length, mm 415
Magazine capacity, rds 30
Sighting range, m 1000
Weight w/empty magazine, g 3125
Muzzle velocity, m/s 915
Twist, mm 177.8


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Netherlands NM-1

Caliber, mm 5.56
Cartridge 5.56x45
Length, overal, mm 927
Length, folded, mm 691
Barrel Length, mm 409
Weight w/empty magazine, g 4355
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Romanian Model MK-11& C.U.R.-2

Caliber, mm 5.45
Cartridge 5.45x39
Length, overal, mm 940
Barrel Length, mm 415
Sighting range, m 1000
Weight w/empty magazine, g 3200
Action Semi-Auto
Rifling 1-10 twist, right hand 6 groves
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Romanian WUM 1

Caliber, mm 7.62
Cartridge 7.62x39
Length, overal, mm 880
Barrel Length, mm 415
Sighting range, m 1000
Weight w/empty magazine, g 3125
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Galil ARM

Israel - Impressed with the reliability of their Arab enemies' Kalashnikov rifles in contrast to their issue FALs and other Western designs, the IDF set about creating an improved clone. IMI's Israeli Galili and Yaacov Lior combined Valmet M62 receivers, Colt barrel blanks, FAL folding stocks, and a modified Stoner 63 rifle magazine to create the Galil. The 5.56mm Galil has been used by the Netherlands (MN1), Sweden (FFV 890C), and South Africa (R4). The Columbian Army uses the 7.62x51mm NATO Galil.
Characteristics
Caliber, mm 7.62
Cartridge 7.62X51
Length, overal, mm 990
Length, folded, mm 754
Barrel Length, mm 470
Weight w/empty magazine, g 4355


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Tantal wz.88

Development of this rifle started in late seventies. The requirements called for a 5.45 mm gas operated rifle with 3-shot burst capability and ability to fire rifle grenades. The designers based their work on the Russian AK-74 although most of the mechanisms are original solutions. First called wz. 81 (model 81) it was accepted by the military in 1990 as "karabinek wz. 89" (carbine model 89). Simultaneously a shortened version was developed and was named wz. 89 (Onyks). Since Poland is to became a NATO member, a 5.56 mm NATO version was developed (wz.90), but was not accepted by the Polish military.

Like the AK-74 the Tantal is a gas-operated automatic rifle. Its receiver is made from sheet metal stampings and houses an all-new trigger mechanism. The characteristic large safety/selector lever of the kalashnikov family
has in this weapon a function of safety only. The selector switch has been moved to the left side of the receiver and has three positions:
C - full auto
P - single shot
S - 3-shot burst
The mainspring rod has been modified to prevent the bolt cover from falling of when firing rifle grenades. The gas chamber and the gas cylinder has been simplified. Muzzle brake resembles that of AK-74 but has smaller diameter and is longer to allow it to be used to launch grenades. The folding stock has a shape similar to a design used in East German AKMs but uses a different folding mechanism. Sights can be set for 100-1000 meters and are complemented by a set of tritium illuminated night sights. Some Tantals are equipped with a side plate for mounting optics. The rifle can be equipped with wz. 1974 Pallad 40 mm grenade launcher. Some parts (bolt, bolt carrier and magazines) are interchangeable with AK-74.
Standard equipment consist of four 30-rounds magazines (steel or plastic), a bayonet (identical to that of AKM), sling, blank-firing adapter, canvas magazine pouch, magazine loader and cleaning gear. Ad***ional 60 rounds are carried in four loading strips for a total of 180 rounds. A light, detachable bipod is also available.
wz. 88 Tantal is used by the Polish army but is to be replaced by wz.96 Beryl. 5.45 mm ammunition is no longer manufactured in Poland and existing rifles are only used for training.
Characteristics
Caliber, mm 5.45
Cartridge 5.45x39
Sighting radius, mm 370
Length, overal, mm 943
Length, folded, mm 742
Barrel Length, mm 423
Magazine capacity, rds 30
Weight w/empty magazine, g 3400
Rate of fire, rds/min 700
Muzzle velocity, m/s 880
Maker Z.M. Lucznik, Radom, Poland


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Onyks wz.89

Onyks was developed together with the Tantal rifle as a compact weapon better suited for certain types of use. Onyks was made in two different chamberings: 5.45x39mm and 5.56mm NATO.
The Onyks is externally very similar to the Russian AK-74U (by some sources called AKR). It is a gas operated, selective-fire carbine. The receiver is made of sheet metal stampings and as the one in its bigger brother houses a new trigger mechanism with separated safety and selector lever. The muzzle device has been modified to allow it to be used for grenade launching (the prototype, however, had a muzzle brake identical to the Russian gun). The rear sight is another clear difference between Onyks and AK-74U. The Russian gun and the Onyks prototype have a rear sight mounted on top of the receiver cover. The production guns (and Onyks' replacement - kbk wz.96 Beryl) has rear sights mounted at the rear of a mounting rail attached to the receiver. Thanks to that an identical receiver cover can be used on both Tantal and Onyks.A limited number of Onyks were used by the Polish military.
Characteristics
Caliber, mm 5.45
Cartridge 5.45x39
Sighting radius, mm 223
Length, overal, mm 720
Length, folded, mm 519
Barrel Length, mm 207
Magazine capacity, rds 30
Weight w/empty magazine, g 2900
Rate of fire, rds/min 700
Muzzle velocity, m/s 700
Maker Z.M. Lucznik, Radom, Poland


Onyks wz.91
Characteristics Caliber, mm 5.56
Cartridge 5.56x45
Muzzle velocity, m/s 710



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Beryl wz.96

Beryl was designed when the Polish military requested a new rifle compatible with NATO calibers. The new weapons are called "kbs wz. 96 Beryl" and "kbk wz. 96 Mini-Beryl". They started to enter service in 1997.

The Beryl line is a modification of the Tantal/Onyks rifles. The biggest change is the new detachable optics mount on top of the receiver cover. Curiously, the kbk wz. 96 Mini-Beryl has still retained its original mounting rail integrated with its rear sights. Both rifles have new folding stocks that look stronger than the ones used on Tantal/Onyks. The longer version has got a new gray, plastic foregrip with integrated mount for the wz. 74 grenade launcher. The cleaning-rod, characteristic for the Kalashnikov family, is no longer carried on the weapon. The barrel itself has been lengthened but with the muzzle device shortened the overall length is roughly the same as Tantal's. Both weapons are able to fire newly developed rifle grenades which are fired with standard live round (The grenade is equipped with a bullet trap). Protective goggles are recommended when firing grenades from the Mini-Beryl due to the amount of unburned gasses leaving the short barrel.
Variants:
Kbs wz. 96: Automatic rifle
Kbk wz. 96: Automatic carbine
Beryl is currently entering service with selected units of the Polish Army. Eventually it will replace all AK/AKM and Tantal carbines within the Polish armed forces.
Characteristics
Caliber, mm 5.56
Cartridge 5.56x45
Sighting radius, mm 372
Length, overal, mm 943
Length, folded, mm 742
Barrel Length, mm 457
Magazine capacity, rds 30
Weight w/loaded magazine, g 3897
Rate of fire, rds/min 700
Muzzle velocity, m/s 920


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