Để em làm cái gì mới mẻ nhá

Để em làm cái gì mới mẻ nhá

Đây là 1 bài em "xin" được, nói về ... cái gì thì mọi người tự đọc. Nhưng nó khá hay đấy. Cái box mới này hay đấy chứ. Mọi người cùng giúp nhau nghe nhạc nhé

In general classical music parlance (fancy word for "talk"), the <i>sonata</i> is a large scale work for a single instrumentalist or one player with an accompanist (usually a piano). The <i>symphony</i> is a sonata for orchestra. Got that?

: Okay ... let me say this ... Beethoven wrote 32 sonatas for piano. These are works for a solo piano player. Each of the piano sonatas is a fairly long work in three or four sections (movements). Among the most famous of these is number 14 in C# minor, named <i>The Moonlight Sonata</i>.

: Beethoven also wrote nine violin sonatas. However, these are not written for a solo violin, but instead make use of a solo violin accompanied by a piano. But they're still called the violin sonatas. And ... Beethoven's five cello sonatas are written for a solo cello accompanied by the piano. (So ... it takes two people to play Beethoven's violin sonatas and cello sonatas, but only one person to play his piano sonatas. Don't ask me why.)

: The symphony, I already mentioned, is a sonata for orchestra. (It takes a lot of folks to play a symphony. But there are piano versions of symphonies. So, in a way, they are <i>sonatas</i>. But I don't want to confuse you.)

: Let me get back to that idea of the Piano Sonata No. 14 being in the key of C-sharp minor. You see, <i>key</i> is an important component of the classical sonata because the sonata itself is a <i>form</i>, not just the name of a work. Let me explain ....

: The word "sonata", as it applies to the musical piece (such as the <i>Moonlight Sonata</i&gt, applies to the fact that the work itself features the form known as sonata form, or, more appropriately <i>sonata-allegro form</i>. What does this mean?

: The sonata-allegro <i>form</i> is a musical structure that is usually used for the first movement (or section) of a sonata or symphony. (Try not to get confused on those two different uses of the word "sonata". Remember, one use is a <i>piece of music</i>, the other use is a <i>structural form</i>.) Let me tell you just a little bit about the form.

: The sonata (I'm talking form now) makes use of two melodies or themes. The first one is usually very angular and dramatic; in fact, it's often called the <i>dramatic theme</i>. You could think of it as the male theme. The second theme contrasts against the first, but often has some sort of musical relationship to the first theme. The second theme, often called the <i>lyric theme</i>, is noted for its melodic beauty. You could say it's the female theme. So, the sonata form contrasts two themes, pitting them against each other, blending them, and finally bringing them together. Kind of like human relationships, between the male and the female. Got me so far?

: So, what about that key thing I mentioned? If you've ever noticed, many classical music pieces, especially sonatas and symphonies, are named for a key. Beethoven's famous Symphony No. 5, for example, is in the key of C minor. I'm hoping you know a little about keys, 'cause I haven't time to get into that topic. But I will say this ... the Symphony is C minor is called that because the dramatic theme (the first theme, the famous DA DA DA DUM) is written in the key of C minor. Here's the other thing. The lyric theme, the second or female theme, is always in a different key ... at least at the start of the piece. Eventually, the lyric melody will come back at the end of the sonata form and be played in the same key as the dramatic theme. Which sort of brings the whole piece of music into a kind of "togetherness." If you know what I mean.

: There are some standard parts to the sonata form:

: <b>EXPOSITION</b> The statement of the two themes, in different keys
: <b>REPEAT OF EXPOSITION</b> Ever notice how the piece starts over?
: <b>DEVELOPMENT</b> The composer plays games with the two themes, changing them around, ripping them apart, tossing them and turning them
: <b>RECAPITULATION</b> The two themes return, but now are played in the same key

: That basic structure can be seen in the first movement (and often the last movement) of many sonatas and symphonies ... in fact, in almost all of them ... especially if they were written before 1910. (One notable exception to this rule is, you guessed it, Beethoven's Piano Sonata No.14 in C# minor. Because the first movement of that is not a sonata form. There's always the odd-ball piece here and there. Still, it's called a sonata.)

: One last comment. Classical composers usually use the sonata-allegro form (or, sonata form, for short) for the first movement of a work such as a Piano Concerto (large scale work for a solo piano accompanied by orchestra) or a Violin Concerto (solo violin accompanied by orchestra). You could say that piano concertos and violin concertos are <i>sonatas</i>, too -- sonatas for solo instrument and orchestra -- just like the symphony is a sonata for orchestra.

: So, *****mmarize ... the sonata is a piece of music usually for a solo instrument or two instruments. But it is also the name given to a musical structure based upon two contrasting themes. The symphony is a sonata for orchestra, and it usually features the sonata form for its first or opening movement.

: Now ... your assignment is to listen to Beethoven's Fifth Symphony, and see if you can hear the two different themes. The opening dramatic theme is the famous DA DA DA DUM in the key of C minor. The second theme (which comes in right after a solo French horn moment) is in E-flat Major and sort of sounds like it's saying "Ich bin Ludwig van Beethoven" which means "I am Ludwig van Beethoven, I am Ludwig van Beethoven, I am Ludwig van Beethoven, I am Ludwig van Beethoven" ... Actually, I think that's exactly what the theme is supposed to be, since the Symphony No. 5 is Beethoven's personal struggle against fate (the DA DA DA DUM theme). So the lyric theme <i>should</i> say "Ich bin Ludwig van Beethoven." Anyhow, you'll hear these two themes repeat, as the piece starts over, and then the second time round it launches into the development. There are some changes made to the dramatic theme, but all comes back together at the end.

: Hey ... I hope this gives you all you need for the beginning of an understanding of classical sonata and symphony.

: Happy listening.


Blackloves