ePortal cho e-GOV Việt Nam?

Another critical issue, and hopefully one which will not persist for a prolonged period is the legacy of the hierarchical system of administration with its many layers of superiors and sub-ordinates. Fear of redundancy, lost of jobs and even lost of authority may result in this multi-layer administrative structure being transferred into the electronic system thereby negating the benefits of IT in terms of efficiency through reduced manpower needs as well as time required to complete a task. In the short term, the consultant will have to put aside professional commitment towards a more efficient electronic based system but there is the danger that unless government departments are prepared to re-engineer their workflow to reduce the pyramidal structure required to complete a task then the bureaucracy will continue to be bloated but still suffer from manpower shortages in their professional group because because of greener pastures in the private sector. Workers who are made redundant should be retrained for other sectors while others may have reduced workloads presenting the opportunity for greater job-satisfaction and pursuit of non-routine professional projects and advancement.
Data Model For Sharing Information
For a multi-department development approval system where each department will apparently maintain its own server or servers, it is vital that a model for data sharing be agreed upon. In the model, key information which are used by more than one department or for more than one task will be identified. The custodian for that information must then be assigned. The custodian will be responsible for its maintenance and updates while all other departments will have read access or restricted ability to e*** or update. As an example, the local authorities usually has numerous locations where names of people and companies are kept. The first location is of course the personnel section with its staff records for the entire organisation while the finance department has another set for payroll processing. At the department level, each would have its own records of its departmentâ?Ts personnel, possibly used for leave record-keeping or used in assigning officers to specific task such as applications for approval of development or projects. Other sources where names are kept include list of developers and consultants kept by the planning, building and engineering departments separately, the list of owners of properties subjected to local assessment taxes (valuation list) which is then duplicated in the finance departmentâ?Ts assessment list tracking payment history by property owners.
Another major category of information critical for development approval is land and building ownership and its cadastral base. As local authorities, they most likely already have the complete records of all properties in its locality. Many local authorities already have these individual records in databases and this should form the basis for a GIS-enabled land records system which can be accessed by the other technical departments, that is, as the focal point where all land-related information are linked. In other words, a search of this land records system will lead to information concerning assessment, planning permissions, building plans approvals, licenses as well as information related to council policies on such land.
The other major categories of information related to development approval would logically be stored and maintained by the respective departments given the mandate and responsibility for each of the types of approval, namely, planning permission, building plan approval, certificate of fitness for occupation, earthworks, streets and drainage, landscaping, structures, business licensing and change of use.

Figure 3 : Workflow For Processing of Applications for Planning Approvals,
Selangor State Town and Country Planning Department (TCPD)
Source : Based on workflow for ISO 9002 certification awarded to Selangor TCPD

Figure 4 : Workflow For Processing of Applications for Planning Permission,
Majlis Perbandaran Pulau Pinang. Source : Lee, et al, 1996b.

There is no single prescription for which department should be the custodian of the various categories and types of data since each local authority is likely to be structured a little differently from one another. A general rule should be that whichever department is responsible for a particular task should maintain and update data required to perform that task. Obviously, the Planning Department as the starting pointing for most development approvals will not only store data related to applications for planning permission but also information on council policies and guidelines such as zoning, density and road-widening lines. And the Building Department will be responsible for information on buildings (prosposed, approved and constructed) while the engineering will keep and maintain information on approved roads, roads under construction, completed roads and their associated maintenance records and names. The less obvious in terms of clear responsibility relates to names of clients since each of the department will require read and write privileges concurrently but this can be resolved by consensus by the various departments.
The alternative the above proposed structure for a distributed database is to create a ?osuper agency? responsible for all digital data in the local authority. Many local authorities and heads of departments have attempted such an approach but none have yet succeeded and are unlikely *****cceed unless such a ?osuper agency? was created from its infancy (this is the model adopted in Putrajaya).
LAN, WAN and WWW
To facilitate data-sharing and workflow in the electronic medium, a communications backbone is required. A very basic setup only requires 3 components : a HUB, network cables and network-ready computers running Windows 98 (or Mac OS). By connecting each computer to the HUB using CAT 5 UTP or coxial cables, we create a Local Area Network (LAN) in which resources can be shared. In particular, a development approval system would store the data in a database management system (DBMS) on one of the computers (even one running Windows 98) with all others connecting to the database, accessing the data on-line. All users will see the same up-to-date information as and when the data is e***ed or added. A set-up at this level requires very little technical skills. A technician can be easily trained to terminate suitable lengths of CAT 5 cables (called patch cords not exceeding 100 metres in length) with RJ 45 connectors. Connect one end of the patch cord to the network card and the other end to the HUB. Then switch on the HUB and boot up the computer. Windows 98 will auto-detect the network card and setup the necessary protocols for Windows Networking.
Across departments, a fibre-optic backbone connecting departmental HUBs would provide a campus-wide network where all computers connected to this network would be able to access shared resources throughout the organisation. In many organisations (including institutions of higher learning) however, the culture of sharing information has not taken root resulting in tens or hundreds of computers connected on the network but with very little collaborative effort over the network. It is not uncommon for users who have been on the network for months or years *****ddenly discover that they could access files on their office PCs from another part of their building by the simple act of sharing out folders.
Extending the network beyond the physical boundaries of a building or campus would create a Wide Area Network (WAN). It requires a lease line from the telecommunications provider and a router at each end of the line. Workers separated by vast distances would be able to ?oseê? their whole organisation?Ts network neighbourhood as though they were in the same building or campus. Hence, all local authorities could be connected to the State Administration through such a WAN allowing the State Government to access information on development approvals at each of the local authorities as and when required without having to direct the local authorities to compile regular reports for the Statê?Ts consumption.
WANs are expensive and dedicated to users for the same organisation (and its business partners). The World Wide Web (WWW) on the other hand offers the world-wide audience access to information published by local authorities. Developers and consultants would be able to investigate planning guidelines with map-enabled webs or searchable database-driven webs without having to travel long distances from their offices to the local authority?Ts office. They could also track the progress of their applications through restricted webs from the comfort of their office (anywhere in the world).
Driving the traffic across the network of course are the servers controlling access (security) to the resources, processing the request for data and then sending the data or file to the computer which sent the request. In a multi-department network with multiple servers and domains (groups) trust relationships would have to be established.
Figure 5 illustrates a conceptual framework for implementing a networked local authority approval system which is accessible also by other government agencies as well as the general public and the local authorities?T other clients.
Client-Server Technology
A database management system is required to serve as the storage facility as well as engine for retrieval of data captured during the process of evaluating development proposals. Popular DBMS software include high-performance Oracle, Sybase, MS SQL Server and mid-range products such as MS Access and Foxpro.
The mid-range products are deceptively simple to use and with perseverance officers in government departments have been able to develop small systems for registration of applications for approvals and partial implementation of the workflow for development approvals. These efforts are excellent as starting points for moving their departments in the direction of e-govt. However, a little knowledge is said to be a dangerous thing. On closer examination, the systems were improperly structured leading to problems with data integrity. And because of the limited nature of these applications users had refused to use the system complaining that the system actually added more work because they had to enter the data but could not carry out their work within the electronic system (the paper-based system being still intact).
In a client-server environment, there is a front-end (or a software application) where users interact with the computer to carry out the tasks related to the workflow. On the other end of the network is the back-end where the database engine seats on a server sending out data and files as requested from the front-end.

Figure 5 : Conceptual Framework for the Network-enabled Development Approval System

Front-End
The front-end is typically a GUI-based (graphical user interface) application containing menus, buttons and easy to use facilities to access information. For the workflow applications, these front-end not only display data but can be configured to carry out routine as well as complex task including error-checking, automatic updates of related records or undertake sophisticated computations using the data input by the user or retrieved from the database. Text-based interfaces are out-dated and appropriate only for simple operations (e.g. retrieving assessment records by name of owners and updating the record of payment on-line).
Figure 6 shows an interface in which the user keys in information on permissible density and the system computes the entitlement in terms of various types of residential units based on land area proposed for development and the local authority?Ts guidelines. It even computes requirements for low cost housing quota.
The interface was developed using MS Access 97 as the front-end for the MPPP?Ts Town Planning Department Pilot Project to develop an planning permission system. Figure 7 shows the menu interface for SEPAS which was also developed using MS Access 97.
Other software are available for development of the front-end, including the popular Visual Basic. For WWW applications MS Access 2000 has new utilities for putting data on the web. Frontpage 2000 has also strongly support for developing browser-based access to data through the Internet using Active Server Pages (ASP).
These front-ends are installed on client machines, typically PCs running Windows 98. The configuration for such client machines have improved tremendously and new units are capable of undertaking the processing needs of the front-end applications. In many departments however, old PCs running on 486 architecture or even the early generation Pentiums with low RAM are constantly freezing up, especially when overzealous users load multiple programs and utilities into its memory. At a minimum, 64 MB RAM, at least 15 inch monitor and a reasonably recent Pentium processor (Pentium II) would perform well for workflow applications. If GIS applications or multiple programmes are to run concurrently, the more RAM the better while the latest Pentium III processor would tremendously improve performance. Departments purchasing machines for these workflow applications should realise that they are not for ordinary word-processing functions.


Figure 6 : A GUI-Based Interface for computing density entitlement
Town Planning Department, MPPP. Source : Lee, et al, 1996b.

Figure 7 : Menu Interface for User-friendly applications
SEPAS, Selangor TCPD. Source : Panduan Guna SEPAS, 2000.
Back-End
In the mid-range, the DBMS?Ts are accompanied by its own database engine. For example, MS Access 97 (and earlier versions) used the Microsoft Jet Engine. Even though MS Access 97 can be split up to a front-end and back-end, it is not a client-server but a file-server technology. When a front-end request data from the back-end, the Jet Engine will send the entire file to the front-end where all the processing will take place. This increases the load on the network and results in lower configuration client machines being sluggish in response.
With MS Access 2000, MSDE, a true client-server technology is now provided. It is totally compatible with and scalable to the high performance MS SQL Server.
The MPPP and Selangor TCPD planning approval systems as well as the MPSP in-house building plan systems were developed on the MS Jet Engine. As a cost-effective technology, MS Access satisfies government officers?T concern with seeing results for a reasonable sum of expen***ure of tax-payer funds. In terms of technological limitation, the MS Jet Engine is able to handle up to 2 Gigabyte of data (which is enormous considering that a database for about 100,000 properties in a valuation list is known to occupy less than 100 Megabytes of storage space). A maximum of 255 concurrent users would satisfy any department?Ts needs. Nevertheless, as a mid-range technology performance could be sluggish for sophisticated or complex applications. In the world of computers, a few seconds waiting for the system to response usually seems like eternity and leaves the users perceiving that a lot of time is wasted ?ojust waiting?. Disaster recovery for the MS Jet Engine is also notoriously non-existent. Recovery in the event of data-corruption is usually as good as the last successful back-up. Users have found out the hard way the need to design and stringently implement a back-up strategy which will allow the department to back-track several generations of back-up in the event of a failure or corruption of the database. Apparently some locations are more prone to disasters either because of improper user practices (typically improper shut-down) or the vagaries in unstable power supply or even defective infrastructure which could lead to processes being constantly terminated mid-way when networks connections are dropped.
Proper procedures will mitigate most of the problems discussed above but once a department has had sufficient exposure to the system and is satisfied that further investment would bring further benefits to the department and its clients, then it is strongly recommended that they migrate to a high performance database engine such as MS SQL Server or even Oracle. MS Access 2000 now comes with an easy to use wizard to upgrade and migrate the MS Jet Engine database to either MSDE or MS SQL Server. Modifications may be required to the front-end applications system. MS SQL Server will improve performance because it is a true client-server technology allowing for part of the processing to carried out at the back-end thereby reducing network traffic as well as reducing the computing resources required at the front end. It is also fault tolerant with a transaction log which allows recovery up to the last update before the failure occurred.
MS Access 2000 as a front-end is able to access data from not only MSDE, MS SQL Server but also Oracle and other commercial databases through ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) technology.
In ad***ion to the DBMS, various other software would be required on the back-end. In particular a web engine will permit the publication of data for access through the WWW. In a Windows NT (Win 2000) setup, the web engine would likely be Internet Information Server (IIS) together with Transactions Server *****pport database-driven web sites providing dynamic data. IIS and Transaction Server comes free with the Windows NT (2000) licence.
Browser access to GIS maps would require an Internet Map Server engine but these systems may require immense computing resources if a world-wide audience is to be accommodated. Several Internet Map websites set up by GIS vendors are in the order of terabytes of storage space with gigabytes of RAM and clusters of servers responding to requests for maps and related information. Nevertheless, it is a technology which will become indispensable for greater public access to development control guidelines (e.g. zoning, density, road reserves) and development pressure data. Access to these data will allow for better informed decision on investment by developers to curtail over-supply in the property industry. Local authorities can start with an Intranet whereby information and data required for development control tasks can be accessed by officers in all the departments through web-browsers reducing cost in terms of maintenance of multiple copies of the information or ?opaper-databases?. Use of web browsers also removes the costs for development of the client applications to access the GIS maps. Typically, a single commercial GIS standalone license is about RM7,000 or more with numerous functionalities which are not used for routine access to GIS maps. For the well-endowed local authorities, the start-up cost is not prohibitive costing about RM100,000 for the web-based map engine and a mid-range server (excluding cost of acquiring the GIS maps) to setup an Intranet for interactive maps using web technology. With a lease line to the Internet, these maps will provide value-added services to its clients (public, developers, consultants) as well as other government departments and agencies.
Controlling access to the back-end resources will be the Windows NT Security system through the creation of domains and groups allowing for a heirarchical structure of privileges from read only to the ability to add and delete data to specific tables and databases.
What will it take *****cceed?
So far, the efforts at the development of local authority development approval systems have been isolated to single department efforts but there is growing interest to develop systems which are ultimately integrated in terms of data access and continuity in the workflow from one stage of approval to another. Dealing with several departments simultaneously however takes prolonged negotiations since not all departments are inclined to start at the same time. The total cost will also appear to be very high because of the combined cost of systems and infrastructure for various departments. Even the cash-rich local authorities in Penang have been slow in taking the decisive steps towards such an integrated system.
The migration to the e-govt will not be smooth nor will it be accomplished in a single master stroke. The local authorities?T in-house technical and systems staff are generally either not equipped with the knowledge and skills for systems development or are already heavily over-loaded taking care of critical systems such as payroll and taxation systems. On the other hand external consultants cannot sustain prolonged development cycles without an adequate financial package. At the Federal level, priority has been given to getting a kick-start for the e-govt at Putrajaya resulting in little or no funding to assist local authorities.
The Federal and State authorities must recognise that in the major towns and cities the local authorities play a vital role in sustaining the economic health of the nation in their response to the ups and downs of the economic cycle since the construction industry has more than 100 linkages to other sectors of the economy. Local authorities are usually blamed for being a major cause of the inability of the private sector to response to market changes because of the long period required to obtain numerous approvals. But with enlightened heads of department pushing for ISO 9002 certification such delays will be a thing of the past. Information technology will be in the forefront in achieving the ISO 9002 certification which will streamline the procedures and ?oguaranteê? decision is obtained within the specified time period.
Much in the same way that the Multimedia Development Corporation (MDC) and MSC project has been providing matching grants to IT companies to develop innovative products and services, a similar scheme should be actively pursued for the development of local authority development approval systems. The product and experience from one or two local authorities will provide a jumpstart to other local authorities which lack the funds to experiment or *****stain prolonged systems development cycles. The Ministry of Local Government should play a key role in putting forth this agenda to the Federal Government as well as serving as a resource centre for sharing of information and experiences. It is not expected that application systems can be directly implemented in all local authorities without modifications but lessons from successful ventures will shorten the development cycle as well as guaranteeing a high rate of success for other local authorities.
Even with adequate funding, the success of local authority development approval system will nevertheless require major changes to the government practices. For example, the Prime Minister (PM) of Malaysia has called for the doing away of the sulit syndrome (New Straits Times, March 9, 2000). This is common in the bureaucracy where government officers may routinely invoke confidentiality and secrecy laws to deny access to information in department files. For example, it is standard practice to stamp all technical reports for Structure Plans as ?~SULIT?T. The PM further implored everyone (including companies and universities) to kill the great information hoard. Information, in particular digital information, must flow in the information age. Otherwise knowledge workers will have sophisticated software purring away in state-of-the-art computers connected to high-speed networks but will have no information to retrieve, manipulate or analyse and no where to go in cyberspace. The effort in data-sharing must be initiated within the government institutions, laws and practices. As a first step, copyright over government data must be relaxed, access to non-sensitve government data guaranteed (e.g. digital versions of cadastral maps, land use maps, census data, development approvals, etc) and made easy (e.g. made available for download over the Internet), and cost of access reduced. Data collected from research through government funding (e.g. Intensified Research in Priority Areas, IRPA grants) should be place on university servers for download.
For the public and stakeholders in the development industry we should see more innovative services which will make it easy for local authorities?T client to obtain approvals at reduced cost and speedier decisions. Without providing better services and products, the development of electronic approval systems will fail to tap the full potential of information technology.
Finally, we must not forget the so-called humanware. Only a small percentage of the civil service can be considered to be IT-ready. Applications systems can be designed to make them idiot-proof but then the users become mere robots clicking buttons without the ability to drill-down and mine the data to analyse abnormal patterns and behaviour in urban development which may call for appropriate response from the local authority to forestall a glut in certain sectors and location. Non-systems personnel in technical departments may also have to be retrained to maintain systems and perform surveillance duties to detect and troubleshoot problems. At the source of the manpower factory, the curriculum of technical and professional schools must be revamp to prepare them to be knowledge workers for the government departments as well as the private sector.
Conclusions
The road ahead for e-govt is exciting and holds much promise. However, the road is long and there will be many hurdles which could potentially stifle progress. It is not enough to transfer paper-based manual workflows into an IT-driven system. Successful e-govt will require re-invention of the concept of government. It demands that the government bureaucracy response in a way that promises efficient and innovative services and guarantees access to digital information which will help to promote the e- as well as the k-economy.
But as we move in that direction, we must also re-examine the modals of urban growth. Can or should local authorities continue to base their decisions on urban development using the central place theories predominantly used in most Structure Plans in Malaysia? Planners and futurists are divided on whether the hierachical structure of cities will persist in the information era or will die as distances become non-existent (Hall, 1999). That, however, is a topic for another seminar paper.
References
Ghani Salleh and Lee Lik Meng (1998). Pengurusan Perancangan Bandar dan Sistem Maklumat Perancangan. Seminar Kebangsaan Kerajaan Tempatan, 24 ?" 25 November 1998, INTAN Bukit Kiara, Kuala Lumpur.
Hall, Peter. (1999). The Future of Cities. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 23, 173-185.
IslandPPM. (1997). Development Approval System for Town Planning Department, Municipal Council of Penang Island.
Lee Lik Meng, et al. (1996a). Development Of A Gis-Based Planning System for the Municipal Council of Penang Island. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual GIS Asia Pacific Conference, 18-20 September 1996, Putra World Trade Centre, Kuala Lumpur
Lee Lik Meng, et al. (1996b). User Needs Report, ?oPilot Project for the Development of a GIS-Based Planning System for MPPP?.
Lee Lik Meng. (1986). Financial Contributions Imposed on Housing Development in Penang State. Housing Developers Association, Penang Branch.
New Straits Times. (March 9, 2000). K-economy master plan by September. PM Outlines second bold step to reinvent society. p 1.
Panduan Guna SEPAS (SEPAS User Manual). (2000).
Available at http://jpbd.selangor.gov.my/panduanguansepas/ (at the time of writing the lastest version of the manual 1.1b had not be published by the department yet)
SEPAS version 1.1b. (2000). Selangor Electronic Planning Approval System, Selangor State Town and Country Planning Department
Email
Lee Lik Meng : lmlee@usm.my
Mohamed Jamil Ahmad : plan2@sukpp.gov.my
Web : http://www.hbp.usm.my/ITSupport/
This paper is accompanied by a separate live demonstation of an electronic planning approval system.
Friday, January 27, 2006

Các tính năng đạt được:
Các tính năng firewall
? Thông lượng firewall đạt tốc độ tới 150Mbps
? Firewall có sẵn tính năng VPN với tốc độ sử lý đến 30Mbps. Hỗ trợ cả hai mô hình
kết nối VPN client-to-site và site-to-site
? Hỗ trợ tới 8000 kết nối đồng thời
? Hỗ trợ khả năng sẵn sàng cao High Availability
Các tính năng kĩ thuật:
? Kiểm soát truy cập
o Kiểm soát truy cập từ bên ngoài(CPNet, Internet) vào bên trong mạng
o Kiểm soát truy cập từ bên mạng ra bên ngoài (CPNet, Internet)
? Biên dịch địa chỉ:
o Dịch địa chỉ các máy bên trong mạng DMZ sang các địa chỉ thực bên ngoài
o Dịch địa chỉ các máy bên trong mạng nội bộ sang một địa chỉ duy nhất là địa
chỉ card mạng bên ngoài
Mô hình trung tâm trung bình
Vị trí lắp đặt
Sử dụng 03 firewall bảo vệ:
1. Firewall thứ nhất chuyên để quản lý truy cập Internet
2. Firewall thứ hai chuyên để kiểm soát đối với mạng CPNet
3. Firewall thứ ba chuyên để bảo vệ các máy bên trong mạng

Bác hieuc3@gmail.com có câu hỏi hay, mình xin được trình bày ở đây để chúng ta cùng tham khảo:
==============================================
Date: Thu, 26 Jan 2006 15:39:04 +0700
From: "Mr Hieu" <hieuc3@gmail.com> Add to Address Book Add Mobile Alert
Yahoo! DomainKeys has confirmed that this message was sent by gmail.com. Learn more
To: oanh_scn@yahoo.com
Subject: Chao ban!

Minh vo tinh len www.ttvnol.com thi thay co nhung bai viet cua ban ve GIS, minh xem qua thi thay'' nhieu bai rat hay va y nghia~. Ban hieu sau ve GIS vay. Minh co viec muon hoi ban co the giai dap duoc khong?
Minh dang lam do an ve DTDD, do la xay dung ung'' dung ban? do` hanh chinh lich su tinh Tuyen Quang va tim kiem cac dia danh lich su tren dtdd. Minh chua co dinh huong, neu co the thi ung dung GIS vao no'' duoc khong? Neu duoc minh phai lam gi va nhu the nao, mong ban cho vai loi khuyen! Cam on da doc thu cua minh.
--
Hieuc3
==============================================
To Bác hieuc3@gmail.com!

Hỏi: Xay dung ung'' dung ban? do` hanh chinh lich su tinh Tuyen Quang va tim kiem cac dia danh lich su tren dtdd. Minh chua co dinh huong, neu co the thi ung dung GIS vao no'' duoc khong?
Đáp: Ta hoàn toàn có thể xây dựng ứng dụng GIS cho điện thoại di động bằng công nghệ Pervasive portal trên GIS-Based.
Xem http://www.handmap.net/WinCE/index.htm
Xem http://www.handmap.net/WinCE/faq.htm

Hỏi: Phai lam gi va nhu the nao?
Đáp: Cần có các bước đi như sau: Personal Computer - PC (Máy tính Cá nhân) --> Personal Digital Assistant - PDA (Máy trợ lý cá nhân dùng kỹ thuật số) --> Mobile Phone (Điện thoại Di động). Còn tiếp
Thuật Ngữ:
Portal: Tổng quát thì đây là một loại ứng dụng công nghệ Internet với giao diện duyệt web chuẩn cho phép người dùng có thể truy cập các thông tin liên quan đến hoạt động của một tổ chức nào đó.
Pervasive portal or Mobility portals: các loại portal cho điện thoại di động, PDA không dây, máy nhắn tin ?
XML (Extensible Markup Language): XML là một ngôn ngữ dùng để biểu diễn hầu hết các loại dữ liệu. XML cũng tương tự như HTML (chúng đều là phiên bản của SGML, một ngôn ngữ đánh dấu rất thông dụng). Trong khi HTML được dùng để chỉ dẫn cho trình duyệt web cách hiển thị thông tin đến người sử dụng, thì XML thường được dùng để gửi thông tin giữa các chương trình. Các file XML thường không có thông tin về cách hiển thị thông tin. Các thông tin về cách hiển thị này thường được quản lý bằng các định dạng kiểu XSL hoặc XSTL. Cấu trúc của file XML được định nghĩa bằng DTD của nó (document type definition) hoặc XSD (XML schema definition).
XSL, XSLT (Extensible StyleSheet Language, Extensible StyleSheet language Transfomation): Trong khi các tài liệu XML bao gồm dữ liệu, thì các tài liệu XSL bao gồm các qui tắc của việc chuyển dữ liệu đó thành một định dạng mà người dùng có thể hiểu được. Những định dạng ngày có thể là HTML cho trình duyêt web hoặc có thể là WML cho các thiết bị không dây hoặc PDF để in tài liệu.
DTD và XSD (document type definition, XML schema definition): Cả hai định nghĩa này đều là các cách định nghĩa cấu trúc và cách trình bày của một tài liệu XML. DTD và XSD rất quan trọng trong việc xác nhận xem một tài liệu XML đã ở đúng định dạng của nó chưa để chuyển thông tin giữa các hệ thống khác nhau, hoặc chuyển thông tin từ hệ thống back-end tới portal.
WSDL (Web Service Description Language): WSDL cho phép một dịch vụ web mô tả những hành động mà nó hỗ trợ. Ví dụ một dịch vụ web về thị trường chứng khoán có 2 hành động mà các chương trình khác có thể gọi ra. Đó là getStockQuote và getTickerSymbol;
GetStockQuote đưa ra giá cổ phiếu lúc đóng cửa và 1 ticker symbol (xác nhận mua cổ phiếu);
GetTickerSymbol đưa ra tên của công ty niêm yết và trả lại một hoặc nhiều ticker symbol;
WSDL là một ngôn ngữ dựa vào XML, cho phép gọi cả chương trình và các dịch vụ web để chỉ ra những cách hợp lệ gọi chương trình.WSDL rất quan trọng cho portal vì portal sẽ kết hợp thông tin từ nhiều dịch vụ web vào trong một màn hình duy nhất và rất cần thiết để kết nối mỗi cái vào một định dạng phù hợp.
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol): SOAP là một chuẩn dựa trên XML, được dùng để tạo ra các lời gọi chức năng từ Internet tới ứng dụng khác. SOAP cung cấp giao thức gọi cơ bản (có thể được dùng giống như GET/POST của HTML), trình bao bọc (wrapper) để các ứng dụng gọi có thể gửi các thông số đến các chương trình mà nó đang gọi, và một phương thức để lấy kết quả lại từ chương trình. Vì SOAP dựa trên XML nên nó là một nền độc lập hoàn chỉnh. SOAP đang nhanh chóng trở thành một giao thức quan trọng trong việc gọi và lấy kết quả từ các dịch vụ web.
UDDI (Universal Description Discovry and Integration): UDDI là một đặc tả (specification) dùng để tìm kiếm các dịch vụ web và là một public registry để các dịch vụ web có thể xuất bản thông tin của nó. UDDI có thể được dùng để lấy lại các thông tin miêu tả (descriptive information) của các dịch vụ web. Các thông tin miêu tả có thể là một định dạng của XML như WSDL.
WSUI (Web Service User Interface): WSUI là một đặc tả dùng để chuẩn hoá cách hiển thị của các dịch vụ web với người sử dụng. Khái niệm này còn mở rộng ra với các mô hình dịch vụ web truyền thống (được dùng để lấy ra các dữ liệu XML) bằng cách cung cấp một cơ cấu (framework) cho biết dữ liệu sẽ được hiển thị tới người sử dụng như thể nào. WSUI cũng hơi giống với cách chuẩn hoá để mô tả portlet. Trong mô hình WSUI, một portlet tạo ra một lời gọi tới dịch vụ web, nhận lại XML, và sử dụng XSLT để chuyển XML đó sang HTML. HTML có thể hiển thị được trên portal.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) Ngôn ngữ đánh dấu siêu văn bản: HTML Là mã chuẩn với các quy ước được thiết kế để tạo trang web và được hiển thị bởi trình duyệt web.
WML (Wireless Mark-up Language): Một dạng ngôn ngữ HTML cho thiết bị không dây duyệt web bằng công nghệ WAP.
WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) Giao thức ứng dụng không dây: Công nghệ cho phép hiển thị nội dung dạng số liệu trên các thiết bị thông tin di động như Mobile Phone (Điện thoại Di động) ?
INTERNET: Một hệ thống gồm các mạng máy tính được liên kết với nhau trêm phạm vi toàn thế giới, tạo điền kiện thuận lợi cho các dịch vụ truyền thông dữ liệu như truyền các tệp tin, thư tín điện tử và các nhóm tin.
GIS (Geographic information system) Hệ thống Thông tin Địa lý: Là một tập hợp có tổ chức của phần cứng, phần mềm, dữ liệu địa lý và các chương trình ứng dụng để vận hành, lưu trữ, cập nhật, phân tích và hiển thị các dạng thông tin địa lý một cách hiệu quả.

GIS-Based:

Xác nhận là Bác LevanT57 nói có lý, vì trong nhà máy điều khiển tự động hoàn toàn (loại người máy thông minh) mình thấy 1 nút điều khiển có tên là EMERGENCY.
Xác nhận!

Có mỗi cái hình mà lâu rồi không post lên được vì...bận quá, hihi , bận đi ..dạy chung với Ngọc đó mà
Đùa thôi, lo post cái hình lên rồi chạy đi ăn cái đã. Chúc cả nhà 1 năm mới sức khoẻ, vui vẻ, hạnh phúc, thành công!

Xem http://www.spatialace.com/SpatialAceWMS.html
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Carmenta SpatialAceđ Web Map Server (WMS)
The easy way to provide server-based GIS solutions
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With SpatialAce WMS it has become easy to build user-friendly, web-based mapping applications. Any type of background maps can be combined with dynamic data retrieved from databases, such as facility locations, vehicle positions or traffic information. SpatialAce WMS is fully compatible with OGCõ?Ts OpenGIS Web Map Service Specification, and is ready to be used with your existing geographic information.
With increased bandwidth and new communication possibilities, server-based GIS is becoming a viable option in more cases than ever before. And it brings with it a number of advan-tages: easy-to-use applications, no client-side installation and streamlined administration of geographic data.
The SpatialAce WMS professional tool makes it easy to distribute geo-graphic information and mapping services on the Internet or Intranet. Maps can be pre-sented in common Web browsers, but also on standard desktop clients and mobile devices, such as PDAs and cell phones. Any SpatialAce application can easily access data from SpatialAce WMS, by using the pre-defined WebLayer in its configuration file.
SpatialAce WMS is based on Carmentaõ?Ts proven SpatialAce technology, which has been used in demanding operational GIS applications for many years.
Applications
SpatialAce WMS can be used to implement a number of applications, for example:
Web map applications such as GIS portals, location based services and fleet/asset management solutions.
Web services, e.g. map rendering, geographic analysis (line-of-sight, terrain analysis, etc.), geocoding and coordinate conversion.
OGC Web Map Server applications.
Enterprise GIS server applications that are integrated with other information systems and databases.
Features
Since SpatialAce WMS incorporates the entire SpatialAce technology map engine, users have access *****perior map visualization and a rich set of features.
Uses COM+ and a stateless system design to provide high scalability.
Supports a wide range of clients: Web browser, SpatialAce Desktop and mobile devices.
Enhances map visualization by using image enhancement and automatic label placement.
Flexible layer handling and presentation of user-defined objects.
Data independence - reads common GIS data formats without conversion.
õ?oWhatõ?Ts atõ? function to find information about geographical objects.
Reads customer-specific data from any database or system, through custom datasets.
Geographic functions, such as distance calculation and coordinate conversion.
Rich set of APIs - .NET, Web Service (SOAP), OGC WMS and HTTP GET/POST.
Extendable functionality with the flexible plug-in interface.
Benefits
SpatialAce WMS makes it simple to bring the power of GIS to a large number of users.
Makes it easy to access huge geographic datasets.
Cuts the cost of application development, system administration and training.
Uses the same development tools and configuration files as other products in the SpatialAce family.
Ensures interoperability by implementing OGC and other industry standards.
Architecture
SpatialAce WMS is built with a robust and scalable architecture that provides maximum flexibility for application developers. The integration with COM+ and .NET makes it possible to use SpatialAce WMS with almost any Windows development environment, for example C#, Visual Basic, Java or Delphi.
Geographical data can be stored on the map server, or be distributed on networked servers. SpatialAce WMS supports live connections to enterprise database servers and external systems.
SpatialAce Kernel is at the heart of SpatialAce WMS and is responsible for all geospatial processing and map rendering.
SpatialAce Application Server is a COM+ application that provides a .NET interface which can be accessed by ASP .NET Web Pages.
SpatialAce Web Service resides within the Web server and provides the necessary interfaces for Web application development.
A plug-in interface is available, making it possible to extend the functionality of the SpatialAce Application Server, and to access advanced SpatialAce features.

​

Specification
SERVER
Windows 2000 Server / IIS version 5
Windows 2003 Server / IIS version 6
WEB BROWSERS
Supports all common Web browsers: Internet Explorer, Firefox, Netscape, Opera
MAP IMAGE FORMATS
GIF, JPEG, PNG
ADMINISTRATION
SpatialAce WMS Administration Tool
SpaceLab Configuration File E***or
Support for Windows Performance Monitor
Advanced configurable logging
DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTS
.NET: VisualBasic, C#, ASP.NET, Delphi
.NET Compact Framework
Java SE/ME
GEOGRAPHIC DATABASES / FORMATS
Reads directly from the large number of data formats supported by SpatialAceõ?" no conversion needed. See SpatialAce Development Environment õ?" Summary of Features for a complete list of formats
Vector: ESRI Shape, Mapinfo MIF, Autodesk DXF/DWG, Idevio RaveGeo, C-MAP CM/93-3, etc.
Raster: TIFF, JPG, PNG, GIF, BMP, ER Mapper ECW, Lizard Tech MrSID, etc.
Databases: Oracle, MySQL
For further information, contact:
Anders Forssell, Director, Sales & Marketing
+46 31 775 5709, anders.forssell@carmenta.se

To Bác hieuc3@gmail.com và Nhím!
HiHi!, Thử chơi cho biết!
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Mobile GMaps
Xem http://www.mgmaps.com/
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What is MGMaps?
Mobile GMaps is a FREE application that displays Google Maps, Yahoo! Maps and MSN Virtual Earth maps and satellite imagery on Java J2ME-enabled mobile phones, PDAs and other devices.
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Copyright © 2005-2006 Cristian Streng Last updated on February 1st, 2006
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Download Mobile GMaps
Xem http://www.mgmaps.com/download.php
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Prerequisites
Before you download and install Mobile GMaps, make sure you have support for:
J2ME (Java) on your phone ?" MGMaps runs on devices that support CLDC 1.0 and MIDP 1.0 or later. The vast majority of GSM phones sold in the last three years support Java/J2ME, so unless you are using an antique phone, this shouldn''t be an issue. If you are not sure, you can check here and here (warning: the list may be incomplete).
Web access from Java programs running on your phone ?" the java program must be able to access the web in order to download map and satellite tiles. While the MIDP 1.0 standard does require HTTP support, some of the phones that only support WAP (and not regular Internet) rewrite requests and you might need to configure a proxy (Samsung X450 is such a phone)... For more information, see the documentation section and the section about proxy configuration in the FAQ.
Internet or WAP enabled with your carrier provider ?" WAP access is usually cheaper but does not work for some phone/provider combinations. For optimum performance, a broadband connection, like EDGE or 3G (WCDMA) is recommended. See the configuration section for more info.
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Copyright © 2005-2006 Cristian Streng Last updated on February 1st, 2006