EXPLORE THE WORLD - ENGLISH 4 ALL / KHÁM PHÁ THẾ GIỚI - TIẾNG ANH CHO MỌI NGƯỜI. E***ed by Lê Quốc A

EXPLORE THE WORLD - ENGLISH 4 ALL / KHÁM PHÁ THẾ GIỚI - TIẾNG ANH CHO MỌI NGƯỜI. E***ed by Lê Quốc An.

EXPLORE THE WORLD - ENGLISH 4 ALL / KHÁM PHÁ THẾ GIỚI - TIẾNG ANH CHO MỌI NGƯỜI.

THE PURPOSE OF THE PROGRAM IS TO HELP US LEARN ABOUT ARTS & CULTURE, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, HISTORY, SOCIETY, HEALTH, AND NEW DEVELOPMENT AROUND THE WORLD.

MỤC ĐÍCH CỦA CHƯƠNG TRÌNH LÀ ĐỂ GIÚP CHÚNG TA TÌM HIỂU VỀ VĂN HOÁ & NGHỆ THUẬT, KHOA HỌC & KỸ THUẬT, LỊCH SỬ, XÃ HỘI, Y TẾ, VÀ SỰ PHÁT TRIỂN MỚI VÒNG QUANH THẾ GIỚI.


THE ACTION PROGRAM OF EXPLORE THE WORLD - ENGLISH 4 ALL.


CHƯƠNG TRÌNH HOẠT ĐỘNG CỦA KHÁM PHÁ THẾ GIỚI - TIẾNG ANH CHO MỌI NGƯỜI.



XIN CHÀO CẢ NHÀ,

Chẳng hạn, tôi "post" 1 bài đọc cho các bạn. Các bạn dịch bài ở nhà và gửi cho tôi qua E-mail: lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn, và sau đó bài được chấm offline tại địa chỉ này. Tuy nhiên, bài của bạn phải có bản dịch tiếng Việt vì một lẽ rằng tôi dùng tiếng Việt như là một công cụ để trắc nghiệm bạn có hiểu câu, cấu trúc, và văn hoá của tài liệu viết bằng tiếng Anh hay không. Mỗi tuần chúng ta có khoảng một hoặc hai bài đọc được viết rất đơn giản và xúc tích bởi các cây bút nước ngoài.


Rất mong sự hồi âm của các bạn và đặc biệt là của ban quản trị diễn đàn.

Thân,

LÊ QUỐC AN



XIN CÁC BẠN VUI LÒNG XEM QUA BẢN MẨU.



THE MODEL: (BÀI MẪU),

THE TRANSLATION PRACTICE

ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION

Here is a Vietnamese translation work for the weekend reading of STATUE OF LIBERTY,

Under the pens of the college girls with the name of

HOÀNG YẾN & PHƯƠNG ANH

From the Writing & Translation Course at THANH NIEN FOREIGN LANGUAGE CENTER.


Here is the Vietnamese translation with Unicode Fonts.

If unreadable on the Yahoo web, click View on the toolbar of the Internet Explorer, choosing Encoding and then Unicode (UTF-8).


STATUE OF LIBERTY

TƯỢNG NỮ THẦN TỰ DO

By Jerilyn Watson

Wednesday, July Fourth, is America''''''''''''''''s Independence Day holiday. A huge statue honoring freedom and liberty rises ninety-three meters at the entrance to New York Harbor.

Thứ 4, ngày 4 tháng 7, là ngày Quốc Khánh Mỹ. Một bức tượng khổng lồ tôn vinh tự do và quyền tự do vươn cao 93 mét tại lối vào bến cảng New York.

Americans like to say the Statue of Liberty is in good con***ion for a woman of her age. She is more than one-hundred-years old. France gave the statue to the United States in Eighteen-Eighty-Four.

Người Mỹ thích nói rằng Nữ Thần Tự Do ?ovẫn chạy tốt? so với một người phụ nữ ở độ tuổi của nàng. Nàng chỉ khoảng hơn 100 tuổi. Nước Pháp trao tặng bức tượng này cho Mỹ vào năm 1884.

For more than thirty years the statue welcomed millions of foreign people arriving by ship to live in the United States. Today more than two-million people visit the statue every year. The Statue of Liberty has become a representation of freedom for people everywhere.

Trong khoảng thời gian hơn 30 năm tượng đã chào đón hàng triệu người nước ngoài đến bằng tàu thuỷ để sinh sống tại Mỹ. Ngày nay hơn 2 triệu người tham quan tượng mỗi năm. Tượng Nữ Thần Tự Do trở thành 1 biểu trưng của tự do cho mọi người ở khắp mọi nơi.

The full name of the statue is "Liberty Enlightening the World." It stands on Liberty Island in Upper New York Bay, about two-and-one-half kilometers from Manhattan Island. It was built in the nineteenth century. But it still remains the tallest metal statue in the world.

Tên đầy đủ của bức tượng là ?oQuyền Tự Do Khai Sáng Thế Giới?. Nó đứng trên Đảo Tự Do ở Vịnh Thượng New York, khoảng 2.5 km từ Đảo Manhattan. Nó được xây dựng vào thế kỷ 19. Nhưng cho đến nay nó vẫn là bức tượng kim loại cao nhất thế giới.

The Statue of Liberty is mostly made of copper. Once it was a reddish-brown color. But time and weather have turned it green. The statue wears a loose robe. She raises her right arm high in the air. Her right hand holds a torch -- a golden light. Her left hand holds a tablet. It shows the date of the American Declaration of Independence ?" July Fourth, Seventeen-Seventy-Six. The statue wears a crown on her head. The crown has seven points. Each of these rays represents the light of freedom. This light shines on seven seas and seven continents. A chain representing oppression lies broken at her feet.

Tượng Nữ Thần Tự Do hầu hết được làm từ đồng đỏ. Vào một thời nó có màu nâu đo đỏ. Nhưng thời gian và thời tiết đã chuyển nó thành màu xanh. Nữ Thần khoác một áo choàng rộng. Nàng vươn cao cánh tay phải lên không trung. Bàn tay phải của nàng cầm một ngọn đuốc ?" một ngọn lửa màu vàng. Tay trái của bà cầm một bài vị. Nó hiển thị Ngày Tuyên Ngôn Độc Lập của Mỹ. 4 tháng 7, 1776. Bức tượng đội 1 chiếc vương miện trên đầu. Chiếc vương miện có 7 đỉnh. Mỗi đỉnh của chùm tia này đại diện cho ánh sáng của tự do. Ánh sáng soi rọi trên 7 châu lục và 7 đại dương. Một xiềng xích tượng trưng cho sự đàn áp nằm đứt đoạn nơi chân nàng.

Twelve-million immigrants from other countries passed the statue by ship between Eighteen-Ninety-Two and Nineteen Twenty-Four. Then they were taken to the immigration center on nearby Ellis Island. There they went through the processes necessary to live in the United States.

12 triệu người nhập cư từ các quốc gia khác đi qua bức tượng bằng tàu thủy giữa năm 1892 và 1924. Sau đó họ được đưa đến trung tâm nhập cư ở hòn đảo Ellis bên cạnh. Ở đó, họ trải qua các thủ tục cần thiết để được sống tại Mỹ.

Many immigrants thought of the statue as a welcoming mother for refugees. Emma Lazarus expressed this idea in a poem in Eighteen-Eighty-Three. She called her poem "The New Colossus." She wrote:

Nhiều người nhập cư nghĩ rằng bức tượng như một người mẹ đón chào những đứa con lánh nạn. Emma Lazerus đã bày tỏ ý nghĩ này trong một bài thơ vào năm 1883. Bà gọi bài thơ của mình là ?o Tân Đại Thánh Tượng?. Bà viết:

"Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand

Vẫn đứng đây cổng hoàng hôn của ta xô bờ tiềng sóng

A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame

Người thánh nữ phi thường thắp ánh đuốc lửa hồng.

Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name

Có phải là tiếng sét phá xiềng gông, như tên Người vang vọng.

Mother of Exiles. "

Mẹ của kẻ tha hương vẫn mãi hoài mong.

The people of France gave the Statue of Liberty to the United States in Eighteen-Eighty-Four. Their gift honored freedom. It also marked the friendship between the two nations. This friendship had developed during America''''''''''''''''s revolution against Britain. France helped the revolutionary armies defeat the soldiers of King George the Third. The war officially ended in Seventeen-Eighty-Three. A few years later, the French rebelled against their own king.

Nhân dân Pháp trao tượng Nữ Thần Tự Do cho Mỹ vào năm 1884. Món quà của họ tôn vinh tự do. Nó cũng đánh dấu tình hữu nghị giữa 2 quốc gia. Mối quan hệ hữu nghị này đã tiến triển suốt cuộc cách mạng của Mỹ chống lại Anh. Pháp giúp quân đội cách mạng đánh bại quân nhân của vua Geogre Đệ Tam. Chiến tranh chính thức kết thúc vào năm 1783. Vài năm sau đó, người Pháp nổi loạn chống lại vua của họ.

A French historian and politician named Edouard-Rene Lefebvre de Laboulaye started the idea for a statue. Mister Laboulaye was giving a party in his home near Versailles in Eighteen-Sixty-Five. This was the year the American Civil War ended. Slavery also ended in the United States. It was a time when Mister Laboulaye and others were struggling to make their own country democratic. France was suffering under the rule of Napoleon the Third.

Một sử gia và chính trị gia người Pháp tên là Edouard-Rene Lefebvre de Laboulaye đã bắt đầu ý tưởng về một bức tượng. Ông Laboulaye đã tổ chức một buổi tiệc tại nhà ông gần Versailles vào năm 1865. Đây là năm Nội Chiến Mỹ kết thúc. Chế độ nô lệ cũng tàn lụi ở Mỹ. Đây là thời điểm mà khi đó ông Laboulaye và những người khác đang tranh đấu để tạo ra một đất nước dân chủ cho riêng mình. Pháp thống khổ dưới ách cai trị của Napoleon Đệ Tam.

Mister Laboulaye suggested that the French and Americans build a monument together to celebrate freedom.

Oâng Laboulaye đề nghị rằng Pháp và Mỹ xây một công trình kỷ niệm chung với nhau để tôn vinh tự do.

One of the guests at the party was a young sculptor, Frederic Auguste Bartholdi. For years Mister Bartholdi had dreamed of creating a very large statue. By the end of the party he had been invited to create a statue of freedom for the United States.

Một trong những người khách tại buổi tiệc là một nhà điêu khắc trẻ, Frederic Auguste Bartholdi. Sau nhiều năm ông Bartholdi đã mơ ước tạo ra một bức tượng thật lớn. Vào lúc kết thúc buổi tiệc ông được mời đến để tạo ra một bức tượng của tự do cho Mỹ.

Mister Bartholdi had never designed anything taller than four meters. But he planned this statue as the largest since ancient times. Its face would be the face of his mother, Auguste-Charlotte Bartholdi.

Ông Bartholdi chưa bao giờ thiết kế bất cứ thứ gì cao hơn 4 mét. Nhưng ông đã lên kế hoạch bức tượng này như là cái lớn nhất từ thời cổ xưa. Mặt của tượng có thể giống gương mặt của mẹ ông. Auguste-Charlotte Bartholdi.

In Eighteen-Seventy-Five the French established an organization to raise money for Mister Bartholdi''''''''''''''''s creation.

Vào năm 1875 người Pháp thiết lập một tổ chức để quyên góp tiền cho công trình sáng tạo của ông Bartholdi.

Two years later the Americans established a group to help pay for the pedestal. This structure would support the statue. American architect Richard Morris Hunt was chosen to design the pedestal. It would stand forty-seven meters high inside the walls of a fort. The fort had been built in the early Eighteen-Hundreds. It was designed in the shape of a star.

2 năm sau người Mỹ thiết lập một nhóm để giúp đỡ thanh toán cho chân bệ của bức tượng. Cấu trúc này sẽ trụ đỡ bức tượng. Kiến trúc sư người Mỹ Richard Morris Hunt đã được chọn để thiết kế chân bệ. Nó sẽ cao 47 mét bên trong bức tường của một pháo đài. Pháo đài đã được xây vào đầu thế kỷ 18. Nó được thiết kế theo hình dạng của một ngôi sao.

In France, Mister Bartholdi designed a small version of his statue. Then he built a series of larger copies.

Ở Pháp, ông Bartholdi đã thiết kế một phiên bản nhỏ bức tượng của ông. Sau đó ông xây dựng một loạt các bản sao chép lớn hơn.

Workers created wood forms covered with plaster for each main part. Then they placed three-hundred pieces of copper on the forms. The copper "skin" was less than three centimeters thick.

Các công nhân tạo khung dáng gỗ được bao phủ với thạch cao cho mỗi phần chính. Sau đó họ đặt 300 mẫu sao chép trên khung dáng gỗ. Lớp da mạ đồng dày chưa tới 3cm.

Now the Statue of Liberty needed a structure that could hold its great weight. Engineer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel created this new technology. Later he would gain fame for building the Eiffel Tower in Paris.

Bây giờ bức Tượng Nữ Thần Tự Do cần một cấu trúc mà có thể trụ giữ được trọng lượng to lớn của nó. Kỹ sư Alexandre Gustave Eiffel đã tạo ra công nghệ mới này. Sau này ông giành được tiếng tăm cho việc xây dựng tháp Eiffel ở Paris.

Mister Eiffel designed a support system for the Statue of Liberty. The system had an iron tower in its center. He decided that iron bars would connect the copper "skin" of the statue to this central tower. Mister Eiffel and his helpers worked on the design in Paris. It provided a strong support for the statue. It also permitted the statue to move a little in strong winds.

Ông Eiffel đã thiết kế một hệ thống trụ đỡ cho tượng Nữ Thần Tự Do. Hệ thống này có một tháp bằng sắt tại trung tâm của nó. Ông đã quyết định rằng những thanh sắt sẽ nối với lớp da bằng đồng của bức tượng vào trung tâm của tháp. Ông Eiffel và những người giúp việc của ông đã làm việc trên bản thảo ở Paris, nó cung cấp một sự trụ đỡ mạnh mẽ cho bức tượng. Nó cũng cho phép bức tượng di chuyển 1 chút trong những cơn gió mạnh.

France had hoped to give the statue to the United States on July Fourth, Eighteen-Seventy-Six. That was the one-hundredth anniversary of the signing of America''''''''''''''''s Declaration of Independence. But technical problems and lack of money delayed the project by eight years.

Pháp hy vọng trao tượng cho Mỹ vào ngày 4 tháng 7 năm 1876. Đó là lễ kỷ niệm 100 năm đánh dấu Ngày Tuyên Ngôn Độc Lập của Mỹ. Nhưng các vấn đề về kỹ thuật và thiếu kinh phí đã trì hoãn dự án mất 8 năm.

At last France presented the statue to the United States. The celebration took place in Paris on July Fourth, Eighteen-Eighty-Four. Americans started building the pedestal that same year. But they had to stop. People had not given enough money to finish the structure. A New York newspaper urged Americans to give more money for the pedestal. People reacted by giving one-hundred-thousand dollars.

Cuối cùng Pháp trao tặng bức tượng cho Mỹ. Lễ trao tặng diễn ra tại Paris vào ngày 4 tháng 7 năm 1884. Người Mỹ khởi công xây bệ của bức tượng cùng năm đó. Nhưng họ phải ngừng lại. Nhân dân không đóng góp đủ tiền để hoàn thành cấu trúc. Một tờ báo NewYork thúc giục người Mỹ ủng hộ thêm tiền cho bệ của bức tượng. Nhân dân đã đáp lại lại bằng việc quyên góp $100.000.

Now the huge statue had a pedestal to stand on. In France, the statue was taken apart for shipping to the United States. It was shipped in two-hundred-fourteen wooden boxes.

Lúc bấy giờ bức tượng to lớn đã có bệ để đứng. Tại Pháp, bức tượng được tách thành từng phần để di chuyển bằng đường biển đến Mỹ. Nó được vận chuyển trong 214 chiếc hộp gỗ.

On October Twenty-Eighth, Eighteen-Eighty-Six, President Grover Cleveland officially accepted Liberty Enlightening the World. He said: ?oWe will not forget that Liberty has here made her home.? Mister Bartholdi and representatives of the French government attended the ceremony. People paraded through the streets of New York. Boats filled the harbor.

Vào ngày 28 tháng 10, 1886. tổng thống Grover Cleveland chính tiếp chấp nhận ?oQuyền Tự Do Khai Sáng Thế Giới.? Ông nói: ?oChúng ta sẽ không quên rằng Nữ Thần Tự Do đã xem đây như chốn quê nhà.? Ông Bartholdi và người đại diện của chính quyền Pháp tham dự lễ kỷ niệm. Mọi người diễu hành qua các con đường ở NewYork. Tàu thuyền tràn ngập cả bến cảng.

Over the years Americans shortened the name of the statue. They called it the Statue of Liberty, or Miss Liberty. The statue continued to welcome many immigrants arriving by ship until Nineteen-Twenty-Four. That is when Ellis Island stopped much of its operation. The great wave of immigration to the United States was mostly over.

qua vài năm người Mỹ rút ngắn lại tên của bức tượng. Họ gọi nó là tượng Tự Do, hoặc Nữ Thần Tự Do. Tượng vẫn cứ chào đón nhiều dân nhập cư đến bằng tàu thủy mãi đến năm 1924. Đó là khi đảo Ellis ngừng một số lượng lớn hoạt động của nó. Làn sóng to lớn của sự nhập cư tới Mỹ phần lớn tăng.

But millions of visitors kept coming to see the Statue of Liberty. By the Nineteen-Eighties, the statue badly needed repairs. Again people on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean cooperated to raise money. Automobile manufacturer Lee Iacocca led the campaign in the United States. Big companies gave money for the repairs. So did school children. Fireworks lit the sky at the celebration for the restored Statue of Liberty on July Fourth, Nineteen-Eighty-Six.

Nhưng hàng triệu du khách vẫn tiếp tục muốn chiêm ngưỡng Tượng Nữ Thần Tự Do. Vào năm 1980, Tượng tối cần được tu sửa lại. Lại lần nữa, nhân dân của cả 2 Bờ Đại Tây Dương hợp tác để quyên góp tiền. Hãng sản xuất ôtô Lee Lacocca dẫn đầu chiến dịch ở Mỹ. Nhiều công ty lớn quyên tiền cho việc sửa chữa. Trẻ em cũng quyên góp ở trường. Pháo hoa chiếu sáng bầu trời tại lễ chúc mừng cho việc trùng tu lại Tượng Nữ Thần Tự Do vào ngày 4 tháng 7 năm 1986.

Thousands of people still visit the Statue of Liberty every day. They reach the statue by boat. Many people climb the three-hundred-fifty-four steps to the crown. Or they ride up to observation areas in an elevator. Or they study the story of the statue in a museum in the monument.

Hàng ngàn người vẫn tiếp tục viếng thăm Tượng Nữ Thần Tự Do mỗi ngày. Họ đi đến bức tượng bằng thuyền. Nhiều người leo lên 354 bậc thang để đến vương miện. Hoặc họ đi lên khu vực quan sát trong một thang máy. Hoặc họ nghiên cứu câu chuyện về bức tượng tại một viện bảo tàng tại đài tưởng niệm.

The famous poem by Emma Lazarus appears in the museum. The last part of the poem expresses the history of the Statue of Liberty. It says:

Bài thơ nổi tiếng của Emma Lazarus trưng bày trong bảo tàng. Phần cuối của bài thơ nói về lịch sử của tượng Nữ Thần Tự Do. Bài thơ ngâm:

?oSend these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me.

?oHảy gửi cho ta người không nhà, kẻ trong phong ba vùi dập.?

"I lift my lamp beside the golden door."

?oTa soi đèn trời bên cổng vàng rỏ lối cho ngươi.?


Translated by


HOÀNG YẾN [mixhoni@yahoo.com]

PHUONG ANH [sweetwildstrawberry_306@yahoo.com]


Bye Bye

October 18, 2004

E***ed by Le Quoc An



Được lequocan sửa chữa / chuyển vào 15:38 ngày 19/10/2004

Được lequocan sửa chữa / chuyển vào 23:35 ngày 19/10/2004

THE TRANSLATION PRACTICE FOR THE THIRD WEEK OF OCTOBER 2004. (NEW)
BÀI ĐỌC CHO TUẦN THỨ BA CỦA THÁNG MƯỜI 2004. (MỚI)
(BÀI SẼ ĐƯỢC CHẤM OFFLINE TẠI: LE QUOC AN [lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn]
ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION
TRANSLATION PRACTICE
Having the honor of giving you a weekend reading of ARTS AND CULTURE,
And hoping to get your translations for the reading.
(Your translation in Vietnamese should be under a Word-file attachment)
If unreadable on the Yahoo web, click View on the toolbar of the Internet Explorer, choosing Encoding and then Unicode (UTF-8).
Your Vietnamese translation is to be graded at lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn
GEORGE W. BUSH AND JOHN KERRY
By Jerilyn Watson
On November second, the United States will hold general elections. Americans will vote for national, state and local representatives. They also will choose a president, as they do every four years. Today we tell about the two major candidates for president.
President George W. Bush is seeking a second term in office. He is the Republican Party candidate. The Democratic Party candidate is John Kerry. He is a member of the United States Senate.
Americans in past elections sometimes objected that the major candidates seemed to agree about many issues. Clearly, that is not true this year. George W. Bush and John Kerry each say they can protect Americans from harm and improve the economy. But the two men have very different ideas about how the United States should be governed.
In some ways, the lives of both candidates are similar. Both were born into well-educated families. They had more wealth than average Americans. Mister Kerry?Ts father was a Foreign Service officer for the State Department. Mister Bush?Ts father served four years as President. He had been Vice President for eight years and held several other high-level positions in government.
George W. Bush and John Kerry attended some of the best schools in the United States. Both men are married and the fathers of two adult daughters. Mister Bush?Ts wife Laura is a former teacher.
Mister Kerry?Ts wife Teresa is chairman of two large aid organizations. She accepted the position after her first husband, Senator John Heinz, died in nineteen ninety-one.
George W. Bush was born in the state of Connecticut in nineteen forty-six. However, he grew up in Texas. He graduated from Yale University in Connecticut. During the Vietnam War, he was a fighter pilot in the Texas Air National Guard. This meant he did not have to fight in Vietnam.
Critics have said that Mister Bush?Ts father helped his son get a position in the Air National Guard. There also are reports that George W. Bush did not complete all his requirements in the National Guard. But he left the service with honor when his term of duty ended. Then he studied business administration at Harvard Business School in Massachusetts.
Mister Bush returned to Texas and worked in the energy business. He has said he became serious about Christianity during this period. Since then, he says religion has been important in his life. Mister Bush worked for his father?Ts campaign for president in nineteen eighty-eight. Later, George W. Bush became part owner of the Texas Rangers baseball team. He was elected governor of Texas in nineteen ninety-four. Four years later, he won a second term in office.
Mister Bush was the Republican candidate for President four years ago. He defeated Vice President Al Gore in an extremely close, disputed race.
George W. Bush was sworn in as America?Ts forty-third President on January twentieth, two thousand one. On September eleventh, militants linked to the al-Qaida terror group attacked the United States. Three thousand people were killed in the attacks.
President Bush said the United States would punish those responsible. He also announced what he called a war against terrorism. The Taleban government in Afghanistan had provided support for al-Qaida. The United States military ousted the Taleban and captured suspected al-Qaida supporters.
President Bush supported creation of the USA Patriot Act. This measure increases the powers of law enforcement and intelligence agencies. Critics say parts of the law violate Constitutional guarantees of privacy and fair treatment.
In early two thousand two, President Bush told Congress that the war against terrorism was just beginning. He said the United States must stop terrorists from possessing chemical, biological or nuclear weapons. The President criticized three nations ?" North Korea, Iran and Iraq. He said they were an axis of evil, arming to threaten the peace of the world.
The United States and Britain invaded Iraq and ousted its leader, Saddam Hussein, last year. Mister Bush said Saddam had weapons of mass destruction and was a threat to the United States. Recently, America?Ts chief weapons inspector reported that no weapons of mass destruction have been found in Iraq. But Mister Bush says intelligence reports showed enough of a threat to remove Saddam Hussein from power.
In June, an American-led coalition gave power to a temporary Iraqi government. Iraq is expected to hold elections in January.
In the United States, one of Mister Bush?Ts most popular measures has been a temporary cut in federal income taxes. Now Mister Bush wants Congress to make the tax cuts permanent.
At his urging, Congress passed a health care law for older adults. He says the new law helps forty million people buy medicines. Congress also approved his program meant to improve education in public schools. Mister Bush signed an order lifting barriers to ties between the government and organizations established by religious groups. He supports a Constitutional amendment to bar marriages between people of the same ***.
Democratic Party candidate John Kerry was born in Colorado in nineteen forty-three. He completed studies at Yale University in nineteen sixty-six. That year, he joined the United States Navy.
Mister Kerry was wounded and won honors for his service in the Vietnam War. But, like President Bush, Mister Kerry?Ts military service has been criticized.
Some men who served in Vietnam say he lied about some of his actions. But the Navy says it acted correctly in approving and awarding the honors.
Mister Kerry began to question the Vietnam War after his military service ended. He helped lead other former soldiers in opposing America?Ts part in the conflict. He asked Congress: ?oHow do you ask a man to be the last man to die for a mistake??
John Kerry received a degree in law from Boston College in nineteen seventy-six. He became a lawyer for the Massachusetts state government. Then he served two years as lieutenant governor of the state.
Mister Kerry was first elected to the United States Senate twenty years ago. He is now serving his fourth term. In the Senate, Mister Kerry has become known for his interest in the environment. For example, he opposes oil drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska. President Bush supports it.
Mister Kerry voted to give President Bush the power to declare war against Iraq. But the Senator criticizes the way the Iraqi conflict has been fought. More than one thousand Americans have died in Iraq since the war started in March of last year. Many Iraqi civilians also have been killed. Mister Kerry talked about the war in Iraq:
KERRY: ?oYou gotta be able to look in the eyes of families and say to those parents, ?~I tried to do everything in my power to prevent the loss of your son and daughter.?T I don?Tt believe the United States did that. And we pushed our allies aside.?
President Bush has defended American actions in Iraq. He says they are needed to fight the war against terrorism. The President also has expressed great satisfaction that Iraqis are free of a cruel dictator.
Mister Kerry says the United States should be recovering faster from a period of weak economic activity. He denounces the growth of the national debt under Mister Bush?Ts leadership.
President Bush talked about his economic record:
BUSH: ?oWe delivered historic tax relief, and over the past three years, America has had the fastest growing economy in the industrialized world.?
President Bush also says he wants young workers to place some of the taxes on their pay in private retirement accounts. John Kerry opposes this idea. Mister Bush opposes most operations to end pregnancies. Mister Kerry supports a woman?Ts right to have such an abortion. His position is in disagreement with his religious group, the Roman Catholic Church.
Recent public opinion studies show that support is divided evenly between George W. Bush and John Kerry. Experts say the election in November will be very close. Some people say this will be the most important election in recent times.
Bye Bye
October 19, 2004
E***ed by Le Quoc An
Được lequocan sửa chữa / chuyển vào 16:08 ngày 19/10/2004
Được lequocan sửa chữa / chuyển vào 21:34 ngày 19/10/2004

THE TRANSLATION PRACTICE FOR THE THIRD WEEK OF OCTOBER 2004. (NEW)
BÀI ĐỌC CHO TUẦN THỨ BA CỦA THÁNG MƯỜI 2004. (MỚI)
(BÀI SẼ ĐƯỢC CHẤM OFFLINE TẠI: LE QUOC AN [lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn]
ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION
TRANSLATION PRACTICE
Having the honor of giving you a weekend reading of EXPLORATIONS,
And hoping to get your translations for the reading.
(Your translation in Vietnamese should be under a Word-file attachment)
If unreadable on the Yahoo web, click View on the toolbar of the Internet Explorer, choosing Encoding and then Unicode (UTF-8).
Your Vietnamese translation is to be graded at lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn
WONDERS OF THE WORLD
By Paul Thompson
PART I
Today we present the first of three programs about some of the most interesting, beautiful and unusual places on Earth. We begin with a list of what have been called the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
People have always felt the need to create lists. Lists are records of important ideas, places, events or people. About two thousand five hundred years ago a Greek historian named Herodotus is said to have made a list of what he thought were the greatest structures in the world. His list of places became known as the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Herodotus only wrote about places he knew. He did not know much about Asia. North and South America were completely unknown. Six of these ancient places no longer exist. We can only guess what they really looked like. But here is the list of those seven ancient Wonders of the World.
We begin with one that existed in what is now Iraq. It was called the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. King Nebuchadnezzar the Second probably built the gardens about two thousand six hundred years ago. Ancient historians say they were a huge system of gardens with trees and flowers.
Also on this list is the Colossus of Rhodes. It was a huge bronze metal statue of the Greek sun god Helios. The Colossus was about thirty-seven meters tall. It was built near the harbor on the Greek island of Rhodes about two thousand three hundred years ago. This ancient statue was destroyed in an earthquake.
Next on our list is the statue of the Greek God Zeus in a temple at Olympia, Greece. It was the most famous statue in the ancient world. Records say it was about twelve meters tall and made of ivory and gold. An earthquake probably destroyed the temple. The statue was removed and later destroyed in a fire.
The Pharos of Alexandria was an ancient lighthouse. A fire burning on the top of the lighthouse made it easier for ships to find the great harbor of Alexandria, Egypt. Records say the lighthouse was about one hundred thirty meters tall. It stood for one thousand five hundred years before it was destroyed by an earthquake.
The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus is another ancient wonder of the world. It was built to honor a Greek goddess. It was one of the largest and most complex temples built in ancient times. The temple was built in what is now Turkey about two thousand five hundred years ago.
Number six on our list was also built in what is now Turkey. It was the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus. The huge marble burial place was built for King Mausolus of Caria. It was so famous that all large burial places, or tombs, became known as mausoleums. An earthquake destroyed the structure.
The last of the seven ancient wonders are the oldest. Yet they are the only ones that still exist today. They are the three Pyramids of Egypt, near the Nile River at Giza. The pyraminds were built about four thousand five hundred years ago as burial places for ancient kings. The largest is called the Great Pyramid. It is almost one hundred forty meters high. It covers an area of more than four hectares. The Greek historian Herodotus said more than one hundred thousand men worked for more than thirty years to build the Great Pyramid. The great pyramids of Egypt will probably continue to exist for many years to come.
Now we will tell about several other ancient wonders that still exist today. We cannot tell about all of the great structures built in ancient times. There are too many. However, if Herodotus had known about the Great Wall of China we feel sure he would have included it on his list of wonders of the world.
The Great Wall was begun more than two thousand years ago. It was built to keep out invaders. It extends about six thousand seven hundred kilometers across northern China. Today, the Chinese government is working to repair parts of the wall and protect as much of it as possible. The Great Wall of China is one of the largest building projects ever attempted. It is also the only object built by people that can be seen from space.
One of the oldest structures ever built by people also belongs on a list of ancient wonders. It is a circle of huge stones on the Salisbury Plain in southwestern England. It is called Stonehenge. Experts believe work began on Stonehenge about five thousand years ago. It was added to and changed several times until it became the structure we see today. We know very little about Stonehenge. We do not even know how these huge stones were moved to the area.
Some experts believe the stones were cut from solid rock about three hundred eighty kilometers away in Wales. One of the huge stones weighs as much as forty-five tons. Experts say Stonehenge may have been built as some kind of ceremonial or religious structure. Much has been written about Stonehenge, but experts say they still are not sure what it was used for.
Another famous ancient structure is the Coliseum in Rome, Italy. It was built almost two thousand years ago. The ancient Roman sports center could hold fifty thousand people who gathered there to watch public events. Experts say it is one of the finest examples of Roman design and engineering.
The city of Machu Picchu in Peru should be on most lists, too. Experts say it includes some of the best stone work ever built. The ancient Inca people built Machu Picchu high in the Andes Mountains, northwest of the city of Cuzco. Machu Picchu is about thirteen square kilometers.
Historians say it might have been one of the last places of safety for the Incas who were fleeing invaders from Spain.
India is famous for its temples and buildings. The most famous is the Taj Mahal, considered one of the most beautiful buildings every constructed. The fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan, ordered it built in Agra in sixteen thirty-one. He built it as a burial place in memory of his wife.
The Taj Mahal has tiny colorful stones inlaid in white marble. The structure seems to change color during different times of the day and night. Experts say it is one of the most perfect buildings ever constructed. They say nothing could be added or taken away to improve the beautiful Taj Mahal.
We will end our program today in Egypt. Any list of ancient places must include the two temples at Abu Simbel. They were built to honor an ancient king of Egypt, Ramses the Second, and his wife, and Nefertari.
Abu Simbel was built more than three thousand years ago. It is about two hundred eighty kilometers south of Aswan on the western bank of the Nile River.
It took an army of workmen and artists more than thirty years to cut the huge temple into the face of a rock mountain. In front of the main temple are four huge statues of Ramses the Second. Each statue is about twenty meters high. Nearby is another temple that honors his wife, Nefertari. It too is beautifully carved out of solid rock.
The Nile River has always made life possible in the desert areas of Egypt. However the Nile also made life difficult when it flooded. The modern Egyptian government decided a dam could control the Nile to prevent both floods and lack of water. Work began on the Aswan Dam in nineteen sixty.
However, when plans were made for the dam experts quickly discovered that the great temples at Abu Simbel would be forever lost. They would be under water in the new lake formed by the dam. Egypt appealed to the United Nations agency UNESCO for help. UNESCO appealed to the world.
The governments of the world provided technical help and financial aid to save the great temples. In nineteen sixty-four work began to cut the temples away from the rock mountain. Each large piece was moved sixty meters up the mountain to a safe area. Then the huge temples were carefully rebuilt. The work was finished in nineteen sixty-eight.
Today Abu Simbel is safe. It looks much the same as it has for the past three thousand years. It will continue to honor the ancient king and his queen for many years to come. And it will honor the modern world?Ts efforts to save a truly great work of art.
Bye Bye
October 19, 2004
E***ed by Le Quoc An

THE TRANSLATION PRACTICE FOR THE THIRD WEEK OF OCTOBER 2004. (NEW)
BÀI ĐỌC CHO TUẦN THỨ BA CỦA THÁNG MƯỜI 2004. (MỚI)
(BÀI SẼ ĐƯỢC CHẤM OFFLINE TẠI: LE QUOC AN [lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn]
ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION
TRANSLATION PRACTICE
Having the honor of giving you a weekend reading of ARTS AND CULTURE,
And hoping to get your translations for the reading.
(Your translation in Vietnamese should be under a Word-file attachment)
If unreadable on the Yahoo web, click View on the toolbar of the Internet Explorer, choosing Encoding and then Unicode (UTF-8).
Your Vietnamese translation is to be graded at lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn
ERNEST HEMINGWAY
By Richard Thorman
PART I
"A Writer is always alone, always an outsider," Ernest Hemingway said.
Others said that, of the many people he created in his books, Hemingway was his own best creation.
Ernest Hemingway was born in eighteen-ninety-five. He grew up in Oak Park, Illinois, near the middle western city of Chicago. He was the second child in a family of six. His father was a doctor. His mother liked to paint and play the piano.
Each summer, the family travelled to their holiday home in northern Michigan. Ernest''s father taught him how to catch fish, hunt, set up a camp and cook over a fire.
At home in Oak Park, Ernest wrote for his school newspaper. He tried to write like a famous sports writer of that time, Ring Lardner. He developed his writing skills this way.
In nineteen-seventeen, Hemingway decided not to go to a university. The United States had just entered World War One and he wanted to join the army. But the army rejected him because his eyesight was not good enough.
Ernest found a job with the Kansas City Star newspaper in Kansas City, Missouri. He reported news from the hospital, police headquarters, and the railroad station. One reporter remembered: "Hemingway liked to be where the action was. "
The Kansas City Star demanded that its reporters write short sentences. It wanted reporters to see the unusual details in an incident. Hemingway quickly learned to do both.
He worked for the newspaper only nine months before he joined the Red Cross to help on the battlefields of Europe. His job was to drive a red cross truck carrying wounded away from battle.
The Red Cross sent him to Italy. Soon he saw his first wounded when an arms factory in Milan exploded. Later, he was sent to the battle front. He went as close to the fighting as possible to see how he would act in the face of danger. Before long, he was seriously wounded.
The war ended soon after he healed. Hemingway returned to the United States. Less than a year had passed since he went to Europe. But in that short time he had changed forever. He needed to write about what he had seen.
Ernest Hemingway left home for Chicago to prove to himself, and to his family, that he could earn a living from his writing.
But, he ran out of money and began to write for a newspaper again. The Canadian newspaper, the Toronto Star, liked his reports about life in Chicago and paid him well.
In Chicago, Hemingway met the writer Sherwood Anderson. Anderson was one of the first writers in America to write about the lives of common people. Hemingway saw that Anderson''s stories showed life as it really was, the way Hemingway was trying to do.
Anderson gave Hemingway advice about his writing. He told Hemingway to move to Paris, where living was less costly. He said Paris was full of young artists and writers from all over the world.
In return for Anderson''s kindness Hemingway wrote a book called the torrents of spring. It makes fun of Anderson and the way he wrote. There was something in Hemingway that could not say "thank you" to anyone. He had to believe he did everything for himself, even when he knew others helped him.
Hemingway decided to move to Paris. But before he did he married a woman he had recently met. Her name was Hadley Richardson.
Paris was cold and gray when Hemingway and his new wife arrived in nineteen-twenty-one. They lived in one of the poorer parts of the city. Their rooms were small and had no running water. But the Toronto Star employed him as its European reporter, so there was enough money for the two of them to live. And the job gave Hemingway time to write his stories.
Hemingway enjoyed exploring Paris, making new friends, learning French customs and sports. Some new friends were artists and writers who had come to Paris in the nineteen-twenties. Among them were poet, Ezra Pound, and writers Gertrude Stein, John Dos Passos, and F. Scott Fitzgerald. They quickly saw that Hemingway was a good writer. They helped him publish his stories in the United States. He was thankful for their support at the time, but later denied that he had received help.
As a reporter, Hemingway travelled all over Europe. He wrote about politics. He wrote about peace conferences and border disputes. And he wrote about sports, skiing and fishing. Later he would write about bull fighting in Spain. The Toronto Star was pleased with his work, and wanted more of his reports. But Hemingway was busy with his own writing.
He said: "sometimes, I would start a new story and could not get it going. Then I would stand and look out over the roofs of Paris and think. I would say to myself: ''all you have to do is write one true sentence. Write the truest sentence you know. So finally, I would write a true sentence and go on from there. It was a wonderful feeling when I had worked well. "
Hemingway''s first book of stories was called in our time. It included a story, called "big two hearted river," about the effect of war on a young man.
It tells about the young man taking a long fishing trip in Michigan. Hemingway had learned from his father when he was a boy about living in the wild.
The story is about two kinds of rivers. One is calm and clear. It is where the young man fishes. The other is dark. It is a swamp, a threatening place.
The story shows the young man trying to forget his past. He is also trying to forget the war. Yet he never really speaks about it. The reader learns about the young man, not because Hemingway tells us what the young man thinks, but because he shows the young man learning about himself.
"Big Two-Hearted River" is considered one of the best modern American stories. It is often published in collections of best writing.
After the book was published in nineteen-twenty-five, Hadley and Hemingway returned to the United States for the birth of their son. They quickly returned to Paris.
Hemingway was working on a long story. He wanted to publish a novel so he would be recognized as a serious writer. And he wanted the money a novel would earn.
The novel was called the sun also rises. It is about young Americans in Europe after World War One. The war had destroyed their dreams. And it had given them nothing to replace those dreams. The writer Gertrude Stein later called these people members of "The Lost Generation. "
The book was an immediate success. At the age of twenty-five Ernest Hemingway was famous.
Many people, however, could not recognize Hemingway''s art because they did not like what he wrote about. Hemingway''s sentences were short, the way he had been taught to write at the Kansas city star newspaper. He wrote about what he knew and felt. He used few descriptive words. His statements were clear and easily understood.
He had learned from earlier writers, like Ring Lardner and Sherwood Anderson. But Hemingway brought something new to his writing. He was able to paint in words what he saw and felt. In later books, sometimes he missed. Sometimes he even looked foolish. But when he was right he was almost perfect.
With the success of his novel, Hemingway became even more popular in Paris. Many people came to see him. One was an American woman, Pauline Pfeiffer. She became Hadley''s friend. Then Pauline fell in love with Hemingway.
Hemingway and Pauline saw each other secretly. One time, they went away together on a short trip. Years later, Hemingway wrote about returning home after that trip:
"When I saw Hadley again, I wished I had died before I ever loved anyone but her. She was smiling and the sun was on her lovely face. "
But the marriage was over. Ernest Hemingway and Hadley separated. She kept their son. He agreed to give her money he earned from his books.
In later years, he looked back at his marriage to Hadley as the happiest time of his life.

Bye Bye
October 19, 2004
E***ed by Le Quoc An

THIS WEEK''''''''S EXAMINATION QUESTIONS / ĐỀ THI TUẦN NÀY
TOEFL VOCABULARY TEST 2004 (1-10) FOR THE THIRD WEEK OF OCTOBER 2004. (NEW)
ĐỀ THI CHO TUẦN THỨ BA CỦA THÁNG MƯỜI 2004. (MỚI)
BÀI SẼ ĐƯỢC CHẤM OFFLINE TẠI: LE QUOC AN [lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn]
TOEFL VOCABULARY PRACTICE
Having the honor of giving you a TOEFL VOCABULARY TEST,
And hoping to get your answers and translations for the six questions.
(Your translation in Vietnamese should be under a Word-file attachment)
If unreadable on the Yahoo web, click View on the toolbar of the Internet Explorer, choosing Encoding and then Unicode (UTF-8).
There are four possible answers (A-D) for each question. Choose the best answer.
And write ?o= is my final choice? for A, B, C or D.
TOEFL VOCABULARY SECTION
YOUR TASK IS NOT GRADED WITHOUT YOUR VIENAMESE TRANSLATION.
DIRECTIONS
In 1995, Newt Gingrich was sworn ______ Speaker of the House, the first Republican Speaker in more than 40 years.
(Vào 1995, Newt Gingrich được tuyên thệ phụng sự như Phát Ngôn Viên Của Hạ Viện, Phát Ngôn Viên Đầu Tiên cho Đảng Cộng Hoà trong suốt hơn 40 năm.)
A.in as = is my final choice
B.to be
C.to
D.in
The questions
1. The committee finally _______ a conclusion after three days'''''''' discussion.
A. achieved
B. reached
C. decided
D. arrived
2. The ________ against us is that we are biased.
A. accusation
B. exaggeration
C. flattery
D. threat
3. The service has given my car a new _________ of life.
A. hope
B. lease
C. vigor
D. warranty
4. The car industry is notoriously _________ to strikes.
A. capable
B. prone
C. trendy
D. versatile
5. The history of train transport has partly been a history of _____ for greater efficiency.
A. striding
B. striking
C. striving
D. stripping
6. When two people feel the same way about each other, their feelings are _______.
A. identical
B. mutual
C. visible
D. typical
7. Mary has been waiting for John to _____________, but John simply couldn''''''''t call up his courage to face Mary''''''''s parents.
A. motion
B. dictate
C. propose
D. offer
8. He is an ______________ man and will soon be used to the new environment.
A. adaptable
B. adjustable
C. adoptable
D. adorable
9. It''''''''s impossible to ______________ how our actions will affect the future.
A. foresee
B. forget
C. forgive
D. feel
10. The news, though not wholly bad, was so _____________ that I could no longer concentrate on my work.
A. disastrous
B. anxious
C. regretful
D. disturbing
Bye Bye
October 20, 2004
E***ed by Le Quoc An
Được lequocan sửa chữa / chuyển vào 23:00 ngày 20/10/2004

THIS WEEK''S EXAMINATION QUESTIONS / ĐỀ THI TUẦN NÀY
TOEFL GRAMMAR TEST 2003 (53-58) FOR THE LAST WEEK OF OCTOBER 2004. (NEW)
ĐỀ THI CHO TUẦN CUỐI CỦA THÁNG MƯỜI 2004. (MỚI)
TOEFL GRAMMAR PRACTICE
Having the honor of giving you a TOEFL GRAMMAR TEST,
And hoping to get your answers and translations for the six questions.
(Your translation in Vietnamese should be under a Word-file attachment)
If unreadable on the Yahoo web, click View on the toolbar of the Internet Explorer, choosing Encoding and then Unicode (UTF-8).

BÀI SẼ ĐƯỢC CHẤM OFFLINE TẠI: LE QUOC AN [lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn]

DIRECTIONS

A . [Although] [originated] in tropical Africa, watermelon [is now] cultivated [all over] the world. (Mặc dù xuất xứ từ Châu Phi nhiệt đới, nhưng dưa hấu giờ đây đang được canh tác trên toàn thế giới.)
A. Although
B. Originated = Originating
C. is now
D. all over
B . In 1995, Newt Gingrich was sworn ______ Speaker of the House, the first Republican Speaker in more than 40 years. (Vào 1995, Newt Gingrich được tuyên thệ phụng sự như Phát Ngôn Viên Của Hạ Viện, Phát Ngôn Viên Đầu Tiên cho Đảng Cộng Hoà trong suốt hơn 40 năm.)
A. in as = is my final choice
B. to be
C. to
D. in

GRAMMAR TEST

53. The human skin forms _________ against the action of physical, chemical, and bacterial agents on the deeper tissues.
A. how protective a barrier is
B. a protective barrier
C. a barrier protects
D. and which a barrier protects

54. Medical research at the cellular level, _________ research on the immune system, has been made possible through twentieth-century advances in techniques of genetic research.
A. which
B. whereas
C. such as
D. is also

55. [The three] main television networks in the United States account [for] more [advertising] dollars than any [others] medium.
A. The three
B. for
C. advertising
D. others

56. In 1913 [when] he [was] only 18 [year old], Leo Sowerby?Ts violin concerto was [performed] by the Chicago Symphony.
A. when
B. was
C. year old
D. performed

57. [Fossil] records support the assumption [which] microorganisms [were] the first forms [of life].
A. Fossil
B. which
C. were
D. of life

58. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch [was] founded in 1878 and [by] 1881 [had become] the [most largest] evening newspaper in the city.
A. was
B. by
C. had become
D. most largest

Bye Bye
October 21, 2004
E***ed by Le Quoc An

THIS WEEK''''S EXAMINATION QUESTIONS / ĐỀ THI TUẦN NÀY
TOEFL READING TEST 10 FOR THE LAST WEEK OF OCTOBER 2004. (NEW)
ĐỀ THI CHO TUẦN CUỐI CỦA THÁNG MƯỜI 2004. (MỚI)
READING PRACTICE
Having the honor of giving you a TOEFL READING TEST,
And hoping to get your translations for the reading and answers for the questions.
(Your translation in Vietnamese should be under a Word-file attachment)
If unreadable on the Yahoo web, click View on the toolbar of the Internet Explorer, choosing Encoding and then Unicode (UTF-8).
TOEFL READING TEST 10.
Read the short passage. The reading is followed by several questions about it.
There are four possible answers (A-D) for each question. Choose the best answer.
And write ?o= is my final choice? for A, B, C or D.
TOEFL READING SECTION
YOUR TASK IS NOT GRADED WITHOUT YOUR VIENAMESE TRANSLATION.
In the United States, it is important to be on time, or punctual, for an appointment, a class, a meeting, etc. However, this may not be true in all countries .An American professor discovered this difference while teaching a class in a Brazilian University. The two-hour class was scheduled to begin at 10 A.M. and end at 12.On the first day, when the professor arrived on time, no one was in the classroom. Many students came after 10 A.M.S several arrived after 10:30 A.M. Two students came after 11 A.M. Although all the students greeted the professor as they arrived, few apologized for their lateness. Were these students being rude? He decided to study the students'''' behavior.
The professor talked to American and Brazilian students about lateness in both an informal and a formal situation: at a lunch with a friend and in a university calls, respectively. He gave them an example and asked them how they would react. If they had a lunch appointment with a friend, the average American student defined lateness as 19 minutes after the agreed time. On the other hand, the average Brazilian student felt the friend was late after 33 minutes.
In an American university, students are expected to arrive at the appointed hour. In contrast, in Brazil, neither the teacher nor the students always arrive at the appointed hour. Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States, but also end at the scheduled time. In the Brazilian class, only a few students left the class at 12:00; many remained past 12:30 to discuss the class and ask more questions. While arriving late may not be very important in Brazil, neither is staying late.
THE QUESTIONS
1. The word "punctual" most probably means _____.
A. leaving soon after class
B. coming early
C. arriving a few minutes late
D. being on time
2. Why did the professor study the Brazilian students'''' behavior?
A. He felt puzzled at the students'''' being late.
B. He felt angry at the students'''' rudeness.
C. He wanted to make the students come on time later.
D. He wanted to collect data for one of his studies.
3. It can be inferred from the professor''''s study of lateness in the informal situation that _____,
A. American students will become impatient if their friend is five minutes late
B. neither Brazilian nor American students like being late in social gatherings
C. being late in one culture may not be considered so in another culture
D. Brazilian students will not come thirty-three minutes after the agreed time
4. From the last paragraph we know that in Brazil _____.
A. it is important to arrive at the appointed time
B. it is rude to keep the professor staying after calls
C. it is normal for students to leave during lectures
D. it is acceptable for professors to be late for class.
5. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. It is important to be on time for class in the United States.
B. The importance of being on time differs among cultures.
C. People learn the importance of time from the culture they are in.
D. Students being late for class should explain the reason to their teacher.
Your task is to be offline-graded at lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn and posted onto 15000 email addresses and the three websites: www.dethi.com , www.forabroad.info/vn/ , and www.ttvnol.com/english.ttvn
Bye Bye
October 21, 2004
E***ed by Le Quoc An

THE ANSWERS TO THE 2003 TOEFL READING TEST 9.
READING PRACTICE
Here is the Vietnamese translation and reading task for the TOEFL READING TEST,
Under the pens of the college students with the scores of 10 & 9.75,
LY KIEU MINH - TRUNG KIEN - TRAN ANH PHONG
THE THOI NHI ?" NM - THAONEMO
In the Writing & Translation Course of THANH NIEN FOREIGN LANGUAGE CENTER.
Delivered to the HAPPINESS TO HAPPINESS/HANH PHUC TIEP NOI Forum.
Here is the Vietnamese translation with Unicode Fonts.
If unreadable on the Yahoo web, click View on the toolbar of the Internet Explorer, choosing Encoding and then Unicode (UTF-8).
TOEFL READING TEST 9.
Read the short passage. The reading is followed by several questions about it.
There are four possible answers (A-D) for each question. Choose the best answer.
And write ?o= my final choicê? for A, B, C or D.
TOEFL READING SECTION
The task has been offline-graded at lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn and posted onto 15000 email addresses and the three websites: www.dethi.com , www.forabroad.info/vn/ , and www.ttvnol.com/english.ttvn

THE FALL OF SPONTANEOUS GENERATION THEORY
SỰ SỤP Đ" CỦA THUYẾT TỰ SINH
If food is allowed to stand for some time, it putrefies. When the putrefied material
is examined microscopically, it is found to be teeming with bacteria. Where do these
bacteria come from, since they are not seen in fresh food? Even until the mid-nineteenth
century, many people believed that such microorganisms originated by spontaneous
(5 ) generation, a hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonliving
matter.
Nếu thực phẩm 'Ỉợc 'f trong mTt thời gian nhất 'i mTt bản kính hifn vi. Pasteur phát hi?n thấy rằng trong không khí bình thỈờng có t"n tại mTt s' lỈợng rất 'a dạng những cấu trúc rắn có kích thỈ>c trong khống từ 0.01 mm 'ến hỈn 1.0 mm. Nhiều trong s' những sinh thf gi'ng nhỈ những cấu trúc sinh sản của nấm m'c thông thỈờng, 'Tng vật 'Ỉn bào, và nhiều tế bào siêu vi khác.
As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen liters of ordinary air, and they could
not be distinguished from the organisms found in much larger numbers in putrefying
materials. Pasteur concluded that the organisms found in putrefying materials originated
from the organized bodies present in the air .He postulated that these bodies are constantly
(20)being deposited on all objects.
Có nhiều 'ến 20 'ến 30 trong s' chúng 'Ỉợc tìm thấy trong 15 lít không khí bình thỈờng, và không thf phân bi?t 'Ỉợc chúng v>i những vi sinh vật 'Ỉợc tìm thấy v>i s' lỈợng l>n hỈn nhiều trong chất li?u 'ang th'i rữa. Pasteur kết luận rằng những sinh vật 'Ỉợc tìm thấy trong chất li?u 'ang th'i rữa bắt ngu"n từ những sinh thf có t. chức hi?n di?n trong không khí. "ng 'Ỉa ra 'i 'T sôi, nhỈng không khí có thf vào lại 'Ỉợc. Ch- cong nỈi c. lọ 'ã ngfn không cho các vi sinh vật vào trong 'ng nghi?m. Chất li?u 'Ỉợc khử trùng trong 'ng nghi?m nhỈ vậy 'ã không b< th'i rữa.

With the translation support from Le Quoc An

Stand for: put up with: to tolerate or put up with something
Guncotton: chemical used in plastics: a chemical compound produced by the reaction of nitric and sulfuric acids on cellulose, used in the manufacture of plastics, explosives, and lacquers. Also called guncotton
Deposited: coating: a coating or crust that is left on a surface by a process such as evaporation or electrolysis
Microsoft® Encarta® Reference Library 2004. © 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.


QUESTION 1-11
1D / 2A / 3A / 4B / 5A / 6D / 7D / 8B / 9A / 10B / 11C /
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(a) Pasteur?Ts influence on the development of the microscope.
(b) The origin of the theory of spontaneous generation.
(c) The effects of pasteurization on food.
(d) Pasteur?Ts argument against the theory of spontaneous generation. = is my final choice

2. The phrase ?oteeming with? in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(a) full of = is my final choice
(b) developing into
(c) resistant to
(d) hurt by

3. Which of the following questions did the theory of spontaneous generation attempt to answer?
(a) What is the origin of the living organisms are seen on some food? = is my final choice
(b) How many types of organisms can be found on food?
(c) What is the most effective way to prepare living organisms for microscopic examination?
(d) How long can food stand before it putrefies?

4. The word ?oresemblê? in line 9 is closest in meaning to
(a) benefit from
(b) appear similar to = is my final choice
(c) join together with
(d) grow from

5. The purpose of the ?oguncotton? mentioned in paragraph 2 was to
(a) trap particles for analysis. = is my final choice
(b) slow the process of putrefaction.
(c) increase the airflow to the microscopic slide.
(d) aid the mixing of alcohol and ether.

6. The author mention ?o1.0mm? in line 14 in describing the
(a) thickness of a layer of organisms that was deposited on an object.
(b) diameter of the fibers that were in the guncotton filters.
(c) thickness of the microscope slides that were used.
(d) size of the particles that that were collected. = is my final choice

7. The word ?opostulated?in line 19 is closest in meaning to
(a) analyzed
(b) doubted
(c) persuaded
(d) suggested = is my final choice

8. The objects that Pasteur removed from the air in his experiment were remarkable because they
were
(a) primarily single-celled organisms.
(b) no different from objects found in putrefying materials. = is my final choice
(c) fairly rare.
(d) able to live in a mixture of alcohol and ether.

9. The word ?oit? in line 22 refers to
(a) a nutrient solution = is my final choice
(b) a glass flask
(c) boiling
(d) spontaneous generation

10. According to paragraph 3, proponents of spontaneous generation believed that which of the
following was important for the process *****cceed?
(a) A sealed container
(b) Fresh air = is my final choice
(c) Heat
(d) The presence of nutrients

11. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that Pasteur employed a swam-necked flask to
(a) store sterilized liquids for use in future experiments.
(b) prevent heat from building up in a solution.
(c) disprove a criticism of his conclusions. = is my final choice
(d) estimate the number of organisms in a liter of air.

THE RESULTS
ly kieu minh [amanda_fa703@yahoo.com] = 10
Trung Kien [kiencd@yahoo.com] = 10
Tran Anh Phongt [phongta@vacodtt.com] = 10
the thoi nhi [the_thoi_nhi@yahoo.com] = 9.75
NM [m2n_vn@yahoo.com] = 9.75
Thao Le [thaonemo@yahoo.com] = 9.75
trac le [dannytracle@yahoo.com] = 6.5
nguyen phamduy [duystyle@yahoo.com] = 6.5
HongHanh Nguyen [honghanh85n@yahoo.com] = without choices
ba tuan [batuan07@yahoo.com] = 4.5

Bye Bye
October 22, 2004
E***ed by Le Quoc An

THE ANSWERS TO TOEFL WRITING TEST 5.
WRITING PRACTICE
Here is the Vietnamese translation and writing task for the TOEFL WRITING TEST,
Under the pen of the college student with the scores of 08,
HOÀNG TRẦN MINH CHÂU
NGUYỄN XUÂN LAN - NM
In the Writing & Translation Course of THANH NIEN FOREIGN LANGUAGE CENTER.
Delivered to the HAPPINESS TO HAPPINESS/HANH PHUC TIEP NOI Forum.
Here is the Vietnamese translation with Unicode Fonts.
If unreadable on the Yahoo web, click View on the toolbar of the Internet Explorer, choosing Encoding and then Unicode (UTF-8).
TOEFL WRITING TEST 5.
Read the short passage. The reading is followed by several questions about it.
There are four possible answers (A, B, C or D) for each question. Choose the best answer.
And write the word(s) or phrase(s) of A, B, C or D in the blanks
TOEFL WRITING SECTION
The task has been offline-graded at lequocan@pmail.vnn.vn and posted onto 15000 email addresses and the three websites: www.dethi.com , www.forabroad.info/vn/ , and www.ttvnol.com/english.ttvn
RECONSTRUCT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES, USING THE WORDS IN CAPITALS:
THE DIRECTION
1. He was forced to accept a transfer to another office. CHOICE
He had no choice but to accept a transfer to another office.
Anh ấy không còn sự lựa chọn nào ngoài việc chấp nhận một sự thuyên chuyển sang một chức vị khác.
THE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
2. It seemed unlikely that we''''ll have snow this Christmas. LIKELIHOOD
There''''s no likelihood for us to have snow this Christmas.
Không có khả năng cho chúng ta có tuyết mùa Giáng Sinh này.
3. We know the kind of house we want; all that remains is to find the money. QUESTION
We know the kind of house we want; the only question is to find the money.
Chúng tôi biết loại nhà mà chúng tôi muốn; vấn đề duy nhất là kiếm tiền.
4. We can be confident that Rita will perform well in the games. RELY
We can rely on the fact that Rita will perform well in the games.
Chúng ta có thể tin tưởng vào việc rằng Rita sẽ chơi tốt trong các trận đấu.
5. If a group is so small that it cannot maintain a self-contained unit within the society, it may be assimilated. OCCUR
If it occurs that a group is too small to maintain a self-contained unit within the society, it may be assimilated.
Nếu tình cờ rằng một nhóm quá nhỏ không thể duy trì được một đơn vị độc lập bên trong xã hội, thì nó có lẽ sẽ bị đồng hóa.
6. His conviction for theft was not known to us. AWARE
We are not aware of his conviction for theft.
Chúng ta không biết về việc kết tội trộm cắp của hắn.
7. Are we likely to get this contract? CHANCES
What are our chances to get this contract?
Cơ hội của chúng ta để có được hợp đồng này là gì?
8. Your aim should be to bring all the children in your class up to a certain level. YOU SHOULD AIM
You should aim at bringing all the children in your class up to a certain level.
Bạn nên nhắm vào việc đưa tất cả các trẻ trong lớp của mình lên tới một mức độ nào đó.
9. Don''''t tell anyone about our plans. BREATHE
Don''''t breathe a word about our plans.
Đừng hé một lời nào về kế hoạch của tụi mình .
10. Nothing more can be said about the way Peter behaved. THERE IS
There is nothing more to be said about the way Peter behaved.
Không còn gì nữa để nói về cách mà Peter đã cư xử.
OTHER WAYS TO WRITE A SENTENCE
2. In all likelihood we won?Tt have snow this Christmas. MINH CHÂU - NM
2. There was very little likelihood of having snow this Christmas. XUAN LAN
3. We can rely on the next good performing of Rita in the games. THE THOI NHI
4. If a group is so small that it cannot maintain a self-contained unit within the society, the assimilation may occur to it. BUI THU TRANG - VU MINH THANH - KIENQT
5. Do we have any chances to get this contract? FOR ALL
THE RESULTS
HOANG TRAN MINH CHAU [hoangtranminhchau@yahoo.com] = 08
lan nguyen [nguyenxuanlan0903@yahoo.com] = 08
NM [m2n_vn@yahoo.com] = 08
Vu Minh Tha`nh [thanhauco2002@yahoo.com] = 7.5
kienqt [kiencd@yahoo.com] = 7.5
Bui Thu trang [bttrang2001@yahoo.com] = 7.5
the thoi nhi [the_thoi_nhi@yahoo.com] = 7.5
nguyen tran minh thao [nguyentranminhthao@yahoo.com] = 7.5
Tran Anh Phongt [phongta@vacodtt.com] = 07
Vu Van Thach [thachvv@gmail.com] = 05
Pham bao Hòa [Techno_Frk@gmx.net] = Tell the truth to yourself!!!
Bye Bye
October 23, 2004
E***ed by Le Quoc An