Giới thiệu về Su-27SKM và Su-30MK2 (PART-2)

Dịch bài của bác gulfoil
Su-30MK2
The plane is designed to gain dominance in the air by the destruction of manned and unmanned aircraft, guided missiles and medium-range air combat near, the defeat of surface and ground targets in all kinds of weapons, especially high precision, in the conduct of autonomous and group actions in any weather. The plane can be used for training flight crew technique and application of aviation ordnance. The second crew member lowers the burden on the pilot in the performance of combat tasks with the use of long-range guided weapons, in night operations, as well as in the long flights to refuel fuel in the air.
The main features of the Su-30MK2 are:
? modified system of arms control with expanded opportunities to defeat land and sea targets;
? new indication in the ****pit on the basis of multi-colour liquid crystal indicators;
? improved navigation and radio;
? modern equipment onboard complex defense;
? broad nomenclature weapons grade .s . air-to-air and air-to-surface .s . available on 12 - ty-point suspension;
? system in-flight refueling;
? construction of a reinforced airframe and landing gear that provides full operation of the aircraft with a maximum fuel and fueled combat load at takeoff weight 38 tons.
The system of arms control of the Su-30MK2 provides detection, tracking and destruction of aviation defeat means of air, land and sea targets in any weather con***ions, day and night.
It includes two major systems:
? management system arming .s class air-to-air . consisting of a radar sighting complex opto-electronic sighting system and the indication on the background of frontal glass.
? management system arming .s class air-to-surface . allowing the use of a wide range of precision-guided weapons to attack ground targets, as well as the entire display-mounted navigation information on the 4 - x multifunctional indicators located on the ****pit instrument boards.
The basis of the ****pit management system are four multi-coloured indicator (MFI), an indicator on the background of frontal glass (in the first cabin), in which digital and visual displays all the necessary target designation, flight and navigation data, as well as information on the work aircraft systems status. Along with the MFI board instrumental in the cab houses tra***ional electromechanical instruments, which takes place mostly as backups.
Radar (RLS) Su-30MK2 planes in the air-to-air provides: searching for aerial targets; detected targets identification; missile attack goals and short - and medium-range with different guidance; search, seizure and tracking a visual target in dogfights in the air-to-surface missiles: all-weather detection, measurement of the coordinates of ground radar and surface targets, coordinate the issuance of land (surface) for the purposes of enforcing the missiles X-31A, H-35E, X-59MK.
Optoelectronic sighting system includes the optical-Location station and HMS target system. Optical location station of the Su-30MK2, is a combination of an overview and infrared tracker and a laser rangefinder / designator, used for the detection and tracking of air targets in the front and rear hemispheres in her heat radiation, ranging laser beam to the air and ground targets, but can also be used for ground-based laser illumination goal in the application of guided missiles .s class air-to-surface . with semi automatic laser head.
The Su-30MK2 includes built-automatic single 30 mm cannon fire type GSH-301 with 150 rounds ammunition and rocket-bombing arming device placed on the 12-point suspension under wing and the fuselage.
Missile weapons .s class air-to-air . includes medium-range missiles of the type of R-27 - with the heat GOS (R-27T1, R-27ET1) with a semi radar GOS (R-27R1, R-27ER1), R-27P1 missiles, R-27EP1, as well as missiles near maneuverable R-73E battle with the IR GSN and medium-range missiles RVV-AE with active radar GSN.
To defeat ground (surface) goals for the plane Su-30MK2 used wide range of guided and unguided weapons.
Managed weapons .s class air-to-surface missiles . includes 59ME-H, H-35E and H-59MK, high-speed medium-range anti-tank missiles X-31A c active radar GSN antiradar missiles and medium-range X-31P c passive radar GOS, short-range missiles H-29T (TE) c television or H-29L laser GSN, homing bomb KAB-1500Kr c television GSN and adjusted bombs KAB-500Kr (KAB-500-ML).
The composition of unguided bombs calibre weapons include 500, 250 and 100 kg, the occasional cluster bombs, incendiary tanks and unguided missiles S-8, S-13, S-25-OFM.
Contract in China for the supply of 24 units of the first Su-30MK2 was concluded in January 2003. The first batch consisting of 6 machines shipped in February 2004. Planned for the year 2004, to transfer all 24 aircraft. The composition of these weapons systems include aviation-based anti-missile X-31A. Immediately after the signing of the first contract, it was clear that the Navy NOAK not limited to the formation of one raketonosnoy Aviation Regiment. Furthermore, in order to secure the isolation of the theatre of hostilities in the region of Taiwan will need more range missile weapons.
Second June English weekly Jane''''''''s Defense Weekly reported on the preparation of the second contract *****pply the same number of Su-30MK2 with the more powerful H-59ME PKR with a range of 280 kilometers. The signing of the contract is expected by September 2004, and delivery will be carried out on 12 units of the party in 2005 and 2006. Delivery of the second batch of Su-30MK2 will have strategic and military-industrial implications:
? China continues to increase relatively rapidly exactly naval armament that clearly indicates the growing military-political importance of Taiwan issue. It seems that the Chinese leadership has gradually disappointed in the strategy of peaceful reunification with the island, and begins to focus on military means unless accession, the least intimidating separatists. It is worth noting that by the year 2006-2007 PRC receives a number of marine systems, including eight diesel submarines with missile weapons, two modernized destroyer Ave EM 956 with a more powerful shock and anti-aircraft missile means, and, finally, a total of 48 sea missile Su-30. These forces are likely to be still insufficient for a successful attack against Taiwan, but it is between the years 2006 2008 superiority separatists will be minimal and will be achieved primarily through improved information tools;
? AHK "Sukhoi" and its main industrial site ^s KnAAPO ^s receive guaranteed boot for another two years and almost equalized on this indicator with the CPP "Irkut" supplier contracts which ended in 2007 with the transfer of the second tranche of Su-30MKM to Malaysia. Combined with possible new orders by Indonesian and Vietnamese Chinese contract for the second batch of Su-30MK2 provide AHK volumes comparable to earnings "Irkut" even taking into account the large volumes of work performed on the last license contract. Thus, none of the competing companies would not be in the next two or three years expressed advantage criterion earnings.
________________________________________
Characteristics:
Modification of Su-30MK2
Wingspan, 14.70 m
Length, m 21.90
Height, 6.40 m
Wing area, M2 62.00
Weight
normal takeoff 24900
Maximum Takeoff 34500
Mass fuel kg
Normal 5270
Max 9720
Engines 2 TRDDF AL-31F
Thrust, 2 12500 kgs
Maximum speed km / h
at an altitude of 2100 (M = 2.0)
land at 1400
The practical range km
without refueling 3000
the one in the air refueling 5600
Ceiling, 17300 m
Hi. Operation Overload 9
Crew 2
Armament: 30 - mm gun a GSH-301 with 150 rounds tube installed in the right-wing influx.
At 12 8000 kg combat load
(at the same time every single pylon may borrow up to 1500 kg.)
It consists of:
UR to 6 O class air-to-air - types R-27R/ER / 73E-R and R-77 (RVV-AE) 2 or R-27P (EP), R-27T1 (ET1)
UR to 6 O class air-to-surface types - H-29T / L, H-25ML, H-25LD, X-31A / P and P-25L, or H-2 SD 59ME
6 bombs KAB-500KR, or KAB-500OD
3-KAB 1500KR, KAB-1500L
SXL bombs sizes ranging from 100 to 500 kg bomb 8 cassettes RBC PBE C-500-D;
until 8 incendiary tanks ZB-500 PT
NCIS S-8, S-13 and S-25.
Is also suspension REP containers with equipment, laser ranging - tseleukazatelnymi systems, IR stations.

Thậ cảm ơn Bạn Seaknight đã dịch và hiệu đính bài Su-30MK2 mình còn bải mới về Su-35 nữa cũng hay.Nếu so bài cũ của Nga về Su-30MK2 thì bây giờ thực tế hơn-nhất là các loại tên lửa cả loải-27PE1 có tầm bắn đâu 110 km lại dùng ra đa bị động làm cho máy bay đối phương khó phát hiện ra nên rất hiệu quả và dùng được 6 quả chứ không phải 2 quả như trước đây ( Các bạn so sánh bản vẽ ).
Còn mình hiệu đính thêm vài chữ trong bài :
на^лемнfZ сис,емf ?елеfказания - HMS target system -head-up display system; Helmet-mounted target designation system (HMS).
Радиолока?ионная с,ан?ия (Р>С)-RLS- radar sighting system, radar
лазе?н<ми далOноме?но -?елеfказа,елOн<ми сис,емами- laser ranging - tseleukazatelnymi systems- laser rangefinder/target designator
РЭY-REP-EMC
UR-Misile

Được gulfoil sửa chữa / chuyển vào 14:37 ngày 19/02/2008

Nhân tiện đây đưa bài về tên lửa R-27P của nga vì nhiều nước chắc cần tên lửa tầm dài mà RVV-AE của Nga là tầm 100 km còn RVV-AE-PD là dùng cho thế hệ 5 chưa thấy nói đến xuất khẩu có tầm 180 km.Vậy còn là R-27 loại này ngày xưa hợp tác với Ucraine và đã lâu, nay Nga đã cải tiến và chào hàng nhiều, cần phân biệt mấy thông số kỹ thuật sau :
-Tầm bắn xa của tên lửa R-27 do máy bay điều khiển
-Tầm phát hiện mục tiêu và bám đuổi mục tiêu của đầu tìm kiếm ( ra đa ) của bản thân tên lửa
Theo Nga nếu tên lử R-27 loại mới của Nga với động cơ của Nga và đầu tìm kiếm của Nga thì R-27 có thể có tầm bắn đến 200 km và tên kử tự phát hiện và bám mục tiêu đến hàng chục km.nhưnh rất nhiều máy bay vẫn dùng loại tên lửa R-27 cũ theo thời Liên Xô..Sau đây là loại R-37P
Vympel offers R-27EP anti-radar air-to-air missile
Piotr Butowski
Vympel is offering the R-27EP anti-radar version of its R-27 (AA-10 ''Alamo'') series of air-to-air missiles on the export market, writes Piotr Butowski. It showed a model of the weapon at the recent FIDAE defence exhibition in Santiago, Chile.
The missile is not a totally new concept. The first test launchings of the original R-27P passive-radar homing missile were made from a MiG-29 testbed in 1984. In 1987, the R-27P missile was adopted for service with what was then the Soviet air force, and in 1991 the Artem factory in Kiev, Ukraine, made a short production run of missiles. These are currently in service with the Russian Air Force.
Until recently, the existence of the R-27P could not be confirmed. Reports described it as being a weapon for use against fighter aircraft, AEW aircraft or standoff jammers. The first direct evidence for the weapon came when the Ukraine company Artem offered it for export.
Production of R-27P ended after the disintegration of the Soviet Union. Although the Artem factory is still offering the R-27P, it is unlikely to be able to deliver these because the homing head - an essential component of the missile - is made only by the CKBA factory in Omsk, Russia.
The R-27P and -EP missile - P for passivnaya (passive) - are equipped with a PRGS-27 (or 9B-1032) seeker developed by CKBA. This operates at centimetric wavelengths, and guides the round to the radar of enemy fighter aircraft. The missile is intended for use against enemy fighters at long range, when the launch aircraft may still be beyond the maximum range of the target''s radar. Since the weapon uses passive homing, it will give the target no warning that a launch has been made.
Vympel offers two versions of the missile: the standard R-27P with a maximum range of 72km and the ''energetic'' version R-27EP with a bigger rocket motor which gives a maximum range of 110km. This maintains the dual-standard policy set by the original active-radar and infrared-guided versions, which were fielded in medium (R-27R and -27T) and long-range (R-27ER and -27ET) variants respectively. The R-27P and -27EP retain the basic configuration of the earlier members of the AA-10 ''Alamo'' series, including the novel trapezoidal ''butterfly'' control surfaces.
The homing head is capable of detecting a target from a range of more than 200km, but the R-27EP cannot carry out an interception at such distances. The flight time would exceed the operating duration of the missile''s onboard power supply. Vympel is working on ways of increasing the operating time of the power supply in order to allow R-27EP engagements at up to 200km.
Series manufacturing of R-27P/EP missiles would be carried out at Vympel''s facilities in Moscow. The company does not envisage large production orders for such a specialised weapon, so it would be able to meet the likely demand using its own workshops. At present Vympel is manufacturing small batches of R-77 (RVV-AE) and Kh-29 missiles for export. Annual production of these amounts to only 200-300 examples.
Vympel R-27P/EP anti-radar air-to-air missile specification:
R-27P / R-27EP
Launch weight 248kg/ 346kg
Warhead weight 39kg/ 39kg
Length 4,000mm/ 4,700mm
Diameter 230mm/ 260mm
Wing span 772mm/ 800mm
Fin span 972mm/ 972mm
Maximum altitude of the target 20 km/ 20 km
Maximum g-load of the target 5.5/ 5.5
Maximum range 72km/ 110km
Minimum firing distance 2-3km/ 2-3km

Mình trích một đoạn về tên lửa không dôid không của nga lên để các bạn xem và để ý tới các loại R-27E... là có hai động cơ hay động cơ đúp và thường to và dài hơn loại thông thường trên ảnh các bạn thấy phần sau tên lửa to hẳn ra là động cơ đẩy.Ảnh về các loại R-27E.. tớ ít gặp bạn nào thấy thì tham gia cùng và tầm bắn của R-27E... đều &gt; 100 km.
R-27 missiles are the significant high-tech development of ?oVympel?. The main feature of these missiles is modular design that allowed receiving the unified medium-range missile family capable of attaining the various combat tasks by means interchangeability of homing heads and engines. These are the modifications of R-27: R-27T1 with single-mode solid-fuel engine equipped with a heat seeker; R-27R1 with semiactive radar target seeker; R-27P1 with passive radar target seeker; R-27ET1, R-27ER1 and R-27EP1 ?" with dual-mode solid-fuel engines equipped with the corresponding target seekers.
Using more powerful dual-mode solid-fuel engine instead of the standard single-mode one made on an average a 20-25% increase of missile firing range. Moreover, the unique aerodynamic layout with original rudder configuration (the so-called ?obutterfly?) was developed for these missiles.
The designers of ?oVympel? have made a considerable contribution to development of the close air combat missile ?" high-maneuverable R-73E with an infra-red homing head.
The R-73E missile provides the pilot with an opportunity to fight at close air combat
without performance limitation of the fighter and with the ?ofind, fire and forget? principle. The missile air-jet reaction control system, brought into use for the first time in the world, provides it with possibility of reaching high attack angle and firing the targets maneuvering with high G. The overmaneuverable R-73E missile created for Su-27 and MiG-29 fighter armament was used on other Su and MiG aircraft.

R-27AE (AA-10E Alamo)
â?oVympelâ? design bureau
Guided air-to-air missile
Specifications
R-27AE (AA-10E Alamo)
Homing head (seeker) specifications
Launch distance (with R-27 type missile at target with RCS (Radar Cross Section) 5 m2), km up to 70
Homing head lock-on range to target with RCS 5 m2, km more then 20
Max radio-corrected guidance range. (with MiG-29''s weapons control system), km up to 50
Ready time (after warming-up within 2 min), s not more 1,5
Weight (without cowl (fairing)), kg not more 14,5
Diameter, mm 200
Length (without cowl), mm 600
R-27AE missile specifications
Length, mm 4780
Wing span, mm 800
Missile weight, kg 350
Warhead weight, kg 39
Warhead type expanding-rod
Launch range, km 130
Diameter (gauge), mm 260
Speed, Mach M = 4,5

R-27AE is a long-range variant of R-27 Air-to-Air medium range missile. Fitted with an active-radar homing head.

Model R-27EM
Entered service in 1990
Range against closing target 110 - 170 km
Range against receding target ?
Weight 350 kg
Weight of warhead 39 kg
Type of warhead expanding rod
Speed Mach 2.5 - 4.5
Guidance semi-active radarhoming
Hit probability 0.7
Length 4.78 m
Diameter 0.26 m
Fin span 0.8 m
Carried by MiG-29, MiG-31, Su-27, Su-30, Su-33, Su-34, Su-35, Su-37, Yak-141
The R-27 is a medium-range air-to-air missile, designated as AA-10 "Alamo" with NATO countries. This missile was designed for the Soviet Union''s forth-generation fighters such as the MiG-29 and Su-27 featuring exceptional maneuverability replacing in service MiG-23 fighters armed with the R-23 missiles. Furthermore this missile is carried by improved versions of the MiG-21, MiG-23 and MiG-25. This missile was also designed as a counterweight for the United States F-15 fighters armed with the AIM-7F "Sparrow" missiles. Suggestions of the new missile conception were made in 1972 - 1973 and at the end of 1973 development of this missile begins. There were made two competeting projects by "Molniya" and "Vympel" design bureaus and early in the 1980s the "Vympel" design was selected for further development. Series production of the R-27 began in 1986.
The R-27 missiles are intended to intercept and defeat aircraft and helicopters of all types, unmanned reconnaissance aircraft and cruise missiles under active enemy electronic jamming, counteractions and maneuvering. There are produced some variants of the AA-10 "Alamo" with two different seeker types - semi-active radarhoming and infrared, and two types of engines - with standard and extended range engine.
The R-27 missiles have a modular design, thus missile can be easily converted from semi-active radarhoming to infrared just replacing the seeker module. Furthermore such design allowed to use the same missile both with the MiG-29 light frontline fighter and mounting extended range module - with the Su-27 long-range interceptor.
"Alamo" missiles are capable to intercept an air target traveling at speed up to 3 500 km/h. Interception altitude varies from 20 meters to 27 kilometers. Maximum altitude difference between target and missile carrying aircraft is 10 kilometers. All R-27 missiles have a minimum range of fire in 0.5 - 1 km and carry 39 kg weight expanding rod warheads.
Initially, as almost all soviet air-to-air missiles, the R-27 came in two variants, having either semi-active radarhoming or an infrared homing seeker. The semi-active radarhoming variant was designated as the R-27R (AA-10A "Alamo-A"), while the infrared variant was designated as R-27T (AA-10B "Alamo-B"). The standard soviet tactic for interceptions is based on firing two missiles with a various seeker types at the same target to maximize kill probability. There are also designed downgraded export versions of these missiles, designated as R-27R1 (AA-10A "Alamo-A") and R-27T1 (AA-10B "Alamo-B") respectively.
A few years later "Vympel" developed extended range of the R-27 variants featuring a larger engine and longer range of fire. However internal changes done to the missiles were insignificant. Extended range version of the R-27R received designation as R-27RE (AA-10C "Alamo-C") and version of the R-27T - the R-27TE (AA-10D "Alamo-D") respectively. Their export versions are R-27RE1 and R-27TE1 with similar NATO designations.
The R-27RE missile became a base developing a R-27AE and R-27EM missiles. The R-27AE (AA-10C "Alamo-C") is a medium-range missile, featuring an active radarhoming seeker. The R-27EM (AA-10C "Alamo-C") is optimized for a long-range low-level interception on water. Current status of this missile is unknown. Both missiles entered service in 1990.
One more variant of the R-27 is an R-27P (AA-10D "Alamo-D") missile with a passive seeker. This is an anti-radar homing missile launched against aircraft using active radars, such as AWACS and jamming aircraft. Missile''s long-range variant with an extended range engine is the R-27PE. Both missile operational status is unknown.

R-27 MISSILES
Model R-27R R-27T R-27RE R-27TE R-27AE R-27EM
Entered service in 1983 (?) 1984 1985 (?) 1985 (?) 1990 1990
Range against closing target 80 km 70 km 130 km 120 km 130 km 110 - 170 km
Range against receding target 50 km 45 km 60 km 55 km 60 km ?
Weight 253 kg 254 kg 350 kg 343 kg 350 kg 350 kg
Weight of warhead 39 kg
Type of warhead expanding rod
Speed Mach 2.5 - 4.5
Guidance semi-active radarhoming infrared semi-active radarhoming infrared active radarhoming semi-active radarhoming
Hit probability 0.7
Length 4.08 m 3.79 m 4.78 m 4.5 m 4.78 m 4.78 m
Diameter 0.23 m 0.23 m 0.26 m 0.26 m 0.26 m 0.26 m
Fin span 0.77 m 0.77 m 0.8 m 0.8 m 0.8 m 0.8 m
Carried by MiG-29, MiG-31, Su-27, Su-30, Su-33, Su-34, Su-35, Su-37, Yak-141
Tên lửa R-27 của Ucraine



Được gulfoil sửa chữa / chuyển vào 09:17 ngày 20/02/2008

Các bác có thể cho em biết đặc điểm nào để phân biệt SU27UB( phiên bản huấn luyện) và Su-30