Hỏi các bạn về Data-link

Hỏi các bạn về Data-link

Tôi muốn các bạn giải thích giùm cơ chế hoạt động của các loại vũ khí chính xác cao như tên lửa hành trình, bom thông minh dẫn hướng bằng vệ tinh.
Khi tên lửa, bom đuợc phóng đi thì mọi hoạt động của chúng ( bay tới mục tiêu)có cần sự can thiệp của con người (phi công, trắc thủ rada?) nữa không? Hay chúng sẽ tự điều chỉnh thông qua hệ thống Data-link với vệ tinh?
Cám ơn các bạn nhiều


Kiên

Đọc thử đoạn này nhé:
The Tomahawk cruise missile (the BGM-109) is a 20-foot-long weapon costing $1.3 million. A booster rocket shoots the missile off a ship or submarine. Then the small turbofan engine takes over and the missile jets toward land, directed by its "inertial-guidance system" which uses sensors and gyroscopes to measure acceleration and changes in direction. Once the missile crosses the shoreline, a more precise guidance method, TERCOM, takes over.
TERCOM scans the landscape at set checkpoints, taking altitude readings and comparing them to map data in its computer memory. The missile moves at about 550 miles per hour, and can make twists and turns like a radar-evading fighter plane all the while skimming over the land at 100 feet to 300 feet.
After covering up to 1,500 miles the Tomahawk closes in on its target and a third guidance system then takes over: DSMAC (Digital Scene Matching Area Correlator). DSMAC snaps a picture of the target area and compares that data to a version in its memory. The computer then gives the wings and tail fins a final adjustment and takes the warhead to its target.
The Tomahawk and the Tomahawk Antiship Missile (TASM) are fitted on Iowa-class battleships; cruisers of the Virginia, Long Beach, and Ticonderoga classes; and destroyers of the Arleigh Burke and Spruance classes.

Four different systems help guide a cruise missile to its target:
IGS - Inertial Guidance System
Tercom - Terrain Contour Matching
GPS - Global Positioning System
DSMAC - Digital Scene Matching Area Correlation
The IGS is a standard acceleration-based system that can roughly keep track of where the missile is located based on the accelerations it detects in the missile's motion (click here for a good introduction). Tercom uses an on-board 3-D database of the terrain the missile will be flying over. The Tercom system "sees" the terrain it is flying over using its radar system and matches this to the 3-D map stored in memory. The Tercom system is responsible for a cruise missile's ability to "hug the ground" during flight. The GPS system uses the military's network of GPS satellites and an onboard GPS receiver to detect its position with very high accuracy.
Once it is close to the target, the missile switches to a "terminal guidance system" to choose the point of impact. The point of impact could be pre-programmed by the GPS or Tercom system. The DSMAC system uses a camera and an image correlator to find the target, and is especially useful if the target is moving. A cruise missile can also be equipped with thermal imaging or illumination sensors (as used in smart bombs).
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