IELTS - collection of Essays & Interview - Questions & Answers

Queen, to da vote cho ban *****,mong ban tiep tuc truyen lai kinh nghiem voi nguoi ban.I highly appreciate your method of practising IELTS.Thanks alots

Now goes topic 8: 8. Happiness õ?"friendship - marriage. . This topic is quite short in comparison with the others.

Topic 8: Happiness õ?"friendship - marriage ​

Section 1: Happiness-friendship​

1. People remember special gifts or presents that they have received. Why? Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your answer. TOEFL132.
Why we remember those gifts?
- Feel joy when looking at them: Feeling of being loved, recall good time together, etc.
- Pinpoint special events in lives.
- Recall memories of special people.
2) Good health is more important than money for a happy life. Do you agree?
3. What do you want most in a friend õ?" someone who is intelligent, or someone who has a sense of humor, or someone who is reliable? Which one of these characteristics is most important to you? Use reasons and specific examples to explain your choice. TOEFL
4. Some people prefer to spend most of their time alone. Others like to be with friends most of the time. Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with friends? Use specific reasons *****pport your answer. TOEFL83
Why want be alone?
- Have time think about my goals and to develop a strategy to reach them -> really think about my life and what I want to do with it.
- Good way to listen to the silence and relax completely: lower stress level, sharpen the power of concentration.
- Being alone -> have time to step back, see the real value of things without being influenced by the opinions of others
- If with others: distort our views of things, worried about what others think of
5. Some people prefer to spend time with one or two close friends. Others choose to spend time with a large number of friends. Compare the advantages of each choice. Which of these two ways of spending time do you prefer? Use specific reasons *****pport your answer. TOEFL84
What does friendship give us?
- Learn how to trust each others.
- What to expect from others.
- How to profit from experiences.
Why the more friends the better?
- Always available when we need them, not only in times of trouble but also in times of happiness.
- Want to have people around me that surprise me. Each has his own way of reacting to a situation -> learn how to deal with different kinds of people.
- Teach us about life. lots friends = plenty of information and experience.
6. Some people choose friends who are different from themselves. Other schoose friends who are similar to themselves. Compare the dvantages of having friends who are different from you with the advantages of having friends who are similar to you. Which kind of friend do you prefer for yourself? Why? TOEFL90
Why different from us?
- Giving you different ways of looking at the world.
- Introduce you to new interesting things.
- Correct your weakness: spontaneous kind of person -> well organized.
- Experiences from different fields.
Why similar to us?
- Enjoy doing the same things.
- Understand each other -> easy to share problems.
7. Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer. It is sometimes said that borrowing money from a friend can harm or damage the friendship. Do you agree? Why or why not? Use reasons and specific examples to explain your answer. TOEFL143
How can borrowing money harm friendship?
- How to know the lender can afford or not? -> embrassed
- When youõ?Tll back the loan? -> awkwardness.
- Interest issues -> hurt feelings -> harm to friendship
Interview
1. Talking.
- What kinds of people do you most like to talk with?
- Sense of humor: comfortable, relaxed.
- What do you usually talk about?
- Life, career, everything involved both.
2 Who do you think are better in conversation õ?" men or women? Why?
- Women: sensible, emotional, understanding.
3 What advice could you give to someone who is shy about talking?
- The more she talks the more confident she is.
4. What role do friends play in your life?
Why we need friends?
- Help you to solve problems.
- Share happiness.
- Giving you the sense of love and being loved
- Share knowledge and experience.
5. Describe your best friend.
- Why do you get known each other?
- What is his character?
- How do you feel about your friendship with him?
4. What are some of the differences between a Vietnamese friend and a foreign friend?
- characters:
- topics for talking:

SECTION 2: MARRIAGE​

1. The advantages and disadvantages of arranged marriages.
*. Advantage:
- Financial security. Lack of money -> stress in any relationship.
- Parents make better choice than their children.
+ Parents are older and wiser
+ Experience: at assessing characteristics (experiences) -> know what qualities are desirable in a spouse.
+ Better judges of character than young people, who often let emotions influence their judgement.
ùfă parents choose with their head not their heart.
õ? Disadvantage:
- Misery for 3 people if they have fallen in love with the other.
- Likelihood of unhappy life for their children. The basis of the marriage is love. Lack of love -> unsuccessful marriage for their whole life. Love can make people more tolerance (enhancing sympathy to each other).
- Unfair for their children: Their daughter and son are mature enough to make their own decision for their future spouse. Parents would rather be the advisors, not decision maker.
- Life has changed. Parents choices are probably no longer suitable for their children. For instance, in World War II, hard- working is a desirable character for any person. However, in these days, itõ?Ts active and well õ?" educated ones that are desirable for a spouse.
2. Young people should live together before getting married?
õ? Advantages:
- Enhancing mutual understanding:
+ In daily life: cooking, living habit, õ?Ư
+ Their family life: behavior with their relative
- An effective way to examine if they are a good couple or not. Easy to solve problem if they are not suitable to each other: financial issues and children.
õ? Disadvantages.
- Greater likehood of breaking õ?" up relations, which would lead to a lot of serious consequences, due to no legal bond between them. One minor argument can cause their break, for instance.
+ women are vulnerable if their relation are broken up: difficult to find a replacement because of prejudice.
+ In case there are children of this un õ?" married couple -> they are of misery: not perfect parents, an unhappy childhood, obsession about their parents.
- For society: the increase of infectious disease due to a lease ***ual living style: HIV, õ?Ư -> a great threat to the whole society.
3. Do women usually work after getting married in your country?
õ? A common phenomenon in several countries: many women drop their full-time employment after marriage. Instead they find some part õ?"time job and spend more time caring their family issues: housework, children rearing, family health care, etc.
õ? In Vietnam, itõ?Ts not of so popular. In fact, Vnese women continue their employment after marriage. They share nearly the same responsibility of bread õ?" winner like their husbands.
Some other relevant questions relating to "friendship":
õ? Are there any famous stories of friendship in your culture?
õ? Describe one of your closest friends.
õ? Do you have any childhood friendships that are still strong today? Tell us about them.
õ? Do you have any long distance friends?
õ? How do you keep in touch with your long-distance friends?
õ? How often do you see your long-distance friends?
õ? Have you made any friends over the Internet?
õ? How often do you write to them?
õ? Have you ever met them in person?
õ? How are your friendships different now than they were when you were a child?
õ? How do you maintain a good friendship?
õ? How do you make new friends?
õ? How many people do you consider your "best friends?"
õ? Is it common to have friendships across generations?
õ? What are the advantages and disadvantages of these types of friendships.
õ? Do you have any friends from a different generation than you?
õ? There is a saying "To have a good friend, you need to be a good friend."
How can you be a good friend?
õ? What do you usually do with your friends?
õ? What factors may result in the breakdown of a good friendship?
õ? What is the longest friendship that you have had?
õ? What makes friends different from family?
õ? What qualities do you think are important in a friend?
(End of Topic 8)
Dream about the Queen Of Rain!

I think what you do is very useful. And i greately appreciate your kindness !
But there are something that i do not understand. What does it stand for ?
I do know this book: "Insight into Ielts" ?" 186. à page #
And here is some notation i do not know:
Cuc 31
Drug, cuc(5).. english-net_com.htm ....comprehensive site ask1-task2.htm; 101 hints166
Death pd6 Cambrige 2 ?" 161;
TOEFL36
TOEFL ?"unavailable
Please tell me what are the good book you have used.
Thank you anyway.

Those notations were there for my own reference in case I wanted to trace back the full article or essay.
"Drug"," Death, "click here", and some strange words you see were links to the files I saved in my computer.
english-net_com.htm ..
..comprehensive site ask1-task2.htm
are links to the websites I found the sample essays. I have checked back some websites but the documents were no longer be there, it was already 2 years
"Cuc" is my friend''s name; those notation with her name refer to the collection of handout for Ausaid students she passed me!
pd - collection of essay from Mrs. Duc''s class.
BC - British council (cat linh).
Toefl: Collection of Toefl essays - Barron (I don''t remember the exact name of the textbook but highly recommend you to look for this book )
And here is the list of those textbooks I used for Ielts:
1. 101 hints
2. 202 useful exercises
3. Ielts Cambridge 1
4. Ielts Cambridge 2
5. Ielts Handbook
6. Ielts practice now
7. Ielts strategies for Studying
8. Ielts *****ccess
9. Insight into Ielts
10. Listening skills ELTS skills series
11. Passport to Ielts
12. Practice tests for Ielts
13. Preparation and practice (Reading and Writing)
14. Preparation and Practice for Ielts (Listening and Speaking)
15. Prepare for Ielts
16. Toefl ?" Essay collection ?" Author: Barren. (recommended)
17. 556 essays - a collection of the new essays and writings for all purposes, topics and levels. By: fernando ?" Rajamanikam. (relevant for practising interview section).
18. Cuc ?" collection of handout from Ausaid students
19. BC ?" Documents in British Council (Cat Linh).
20. C. Duc ?" handout collected from Mrs. Duc?Ts class.
Dream about the Queen Of Rain!

For topic 9 unfortunately I lost my final version of the topic and just keep a less detail version. therefore you will find quite few answers in this topic.

Topic 9: Social problems ?"housing-History ?"religion- Politic ?"climate ​

Section 1: Climate -history - religion.​

1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics. Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your opinion.
2. What kind of climate does your country have?''
The climate of Vietnam, just as its geography, is subject to many variations.
NORTH VIETNAM
- The climate in the north is very similar to that of southern China. It is characterized by great seasonal differences in temperature, and sudden changes are not uncommon.
- There are two main seasons in North Vietnam, winter and summer. Winter generally lasts from November to April with rather pleasant cool weather. This season is usually rather dry. The summer season begins in May and lasts till October. It is a time of tremendous heat, heavy rainfall, and typhoons.
SOUTH VIETNAM
- The south has a monsoon climate. There are two main seasons---wet and dry. The dry season lasts from November to April with barely a day of rain and then changes to the rainy season which lasts from May to October.
- The hottest and most unpleasant time in South Vietnam is generally between February and April when the atmosphere is humid and the many storms seldom break into a cooling rain.
- In Central Vietnam, the climate is a transition between the climates of the north and south.
HOTTEST MONTHS
- NORTH VIETNAM
- June, July, and August.
- SOUTH VIETNAM - March, April, and May

Section 2: Social problems -politic.-
Housing​

1. Why immigrants leave their own coutries?
- some are in political danger at home.
- Join relatives who already live abroad.
- A third group simply want a better social and economic future for their families.
2. problems caused by immigration:
- take jobs from other people.
- Refuse to integrate with the rest of the population.
- Contribute to social problems (drugs, crimes, etc).
Why debate:
- those problems caused by immigration are worse in recent years: unemployment, crime and prices increase.
- The death of the Communism -> freedom to travel ?"multi ?"racial.
-
3. Any lives are in danger when hastily erected buildings collapse because safety standards have been sacrificed to hopes of a quick profit. To prevent disasters of this kind, governments should play a greater role in setting and enforcing safety standards for building construction.
4. Safety standards are important when building peoplê?Ts homes. Who should be responsible for enforcing strict building codes ?" the government or the people who build the homes?
5. Should a city try to preserve its old, historic buildings or destroy them and replace them with modern buildings? Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your opinion. TOEFL
6. Students at universities often have a choice of places to live. They may choose to live in university dormitories, or they may choose to live in apartments in the community. Compare the advantages of living in university housing with the advantages of living in an apartment in the community. Where would you prefer to live? Give reasons for your preference. TOEFL
7. A country?Ts first duty to its citizen is to protect them. Therefore it is logical that defence should take up a significant proportion of national budget. For or gainst?....comprehensive site ask1-task2.htm
8. In the late 20th century, many cities are being rapidly redeveloped. In this process, the needs of special interest groups, such as people with physical disabilities, are sometimes taken into account. How can society improve con***ions for people with physical disabilities?
9. A public figure should not expect to have his/her private life.- PD
Others questions:
? Do you agree that teachers should use corporal punishment as a means of discipline?
? Do you think in vitro fertilisation should be available to parents so they can choose the *** of their child?
? In an overpopulated world, should people be free to have as many children as they want?
? Is there public assistance in your country?
? What are some expectations parents have for their children?
? What are some reasons that people become homeless?
? What are some things people can do to eliminate discrimination and prejudice?
? What do you think is the most serious problem in the world?
? Why do you think so?
? What can we do as individuals to solve this problem?
? What types of noise pollution do you hate the most?
? Who takes care of the elderly when they are no longer able to care for themselves?
My CD was not working therefore I cannot manage to recover the final version for this topic. Sorry about this .
Dream about the Queen Of Rain!

Topic 10: Hometown.​

1. You have decided to give several hours of your time each month to improve the community where you live. What is one thing you will do to improve your community? Why? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice. TOEFL6
- I will organize a contest for the initiatives of improving the living of people in my hometown among themselves.
- Consolidate the solidarity in the hometown.
- Get a lot of nice ideas for the purpose of improving the community. Two heads is always better than one.
2. What change would make your hometown more appealing to people your age? Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your opinion. 60
- entertainment facility: -> have a place to go after school: socialize, have meetings, and just relax.
3. If you could change one important thing about your hometown, what would you change? Use reasons and specific examples *****pport your answer. TOEFL
4. Where do you come from?
5. Describe your hometown to me.
6. What is your hometown well-known for?
7. What is life like for you in your home town? What are the good and bad points about living there?
- Environment:
- People:
- Living pace:
- Education:
- Facility:
8. Describe some of the changes that have taken place in your home city recently?
6. What changes have happened recently in your town and what do you think will happen in the future?
- Facility: Road system, entertainment.
- Education:
- Tourism:
- Transport means
7. What are the effects of such changes on the local peoplê?Ts socio-economic lives?
- Living standard upgraded.
- Spirit life improved.
8. What are the reactions of the local people to these changes?
- Positive: enjoy a better life.
- Negative: transport, factory -> polluted air
9. What are your reactions to these changes? Which of them do you like? Which don?Tt you like?
- Positive: enjoy a better life.
- Negative: transport, factory -> polluted air
10. If you could change something in your city, what would you change? Why?
11. What are your local industries?
12. Describe a famous beauty your hometown:
13. After you graduate do you want to live in your hometown? Why or why not?
14. Do you like your hometown? Why or why not?
- Yes.
- The place I was born and there had witnessed my beautiful childhood memories
15. What is the best thing about your hometown? .
16. ... the night-life in your city/town.
17. What is the worst thing about your hometown? .
18. What''s there to do in your hometown?
answer to these questions are up to each person therefore i don''t post my answer here. Please prepare yourself for these questions. I think it is quite important for the interview section.
Dream about the Queen Of Rain!

Topic 11. Media- television -communication -Reading ?" watching movies ​

section 1: Movies -films​

1. It has recently been announced that a new movie theater may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details *****pport your answer. 27
How useful is a new movie theatre?
- more opportunities for recreation.
- Reduce juvenile deliquency: teens need activities to keep them busy and out of trouble.
- Lead to several improvements in the town.
- Help other busninesses: more visitor ->shopping, better road.
2. Films can tell us a lot about the country where they were made. What have you learned about a country from watching its movies? Use specific examples and details *****pport your response.153
What have you learned about a country from watching its movies?
People all around the world are alike in their goals and emotions.
Goals: knowledge, earning a living.
Emotions: want to be entertained, spend time with family and friends, enjoy some form of sports, music and dancing.
3. Movies are popular all over the world. Explain why movies are so popular. Use reasons and specific examples *****pport your answer.150
- people want to watch other peoplê?Ts lives ->find excitement: adventurous and glamorous.
- Like to live vicariously: cry (sad movies) and laugh(comedies).
- Escape out own lives, share other emotions, and imagine ourselves as someone else (prepare in advance).
4. Some movies are serious, designed to make the audience think. Other movies are designed primarily to amuse and entertain. Which type of movie do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your answer.65
Prefer movies that amuse and entertain.
- make me relax, laugh
- keep me in good spirit.
6. In your opinion what factors contribute to a good movie?

Section 2: Reading -watching​

5. Pop music:
Opinions
? Pop is an international industry ?" it?Ts a as simple as that. Record companies are in business to make a profit.
? Pop music gives pleasure to billions of people. It saves lives, too. Think of all the money that Band Aid sent to Africa, for example. Things like that are important.
Pop in the ?~80s:
- The most important musical event of the ?~80s was ?oBand aid?. the program was for the purpose of raising money for the starving people of Ethiopia in 1984. That concert, on 13 July 1984 raised over $ 100 million, with the contribution of famous music performers. It showed that top musicians and their fans could change the world.
- Something else changed in the 80s, too: musical technology. In less than ten years, video compact discs and computers all became important in the po industry.
- Thanks to video, every single suddenly had its own three minute film.
- Thanks to compact discs, the quality of recorded sound was better than ever.
- Thanks to computers it was possible to play and record thousands of new sounds.
- Pop has come a long way since the days of Elvis Presley.
- In the 50s it was fun
- In the 60s it was escape
- In the 70s it was big business
- In the 80s it became part of an international youth culture.
6. A singer that you like.
Michael Jackson.
Data: born 29 August 1958.
First in the Jackson Five, then a solo artist, MJ has been a superstar from the age of eleven. Today, he really is a living legend. What?Ts more, media reports of plastic surgery, exotic pets and strange beliefs only seem to increase his fame. Behind it, though, stands one of the greatest: - singers ?" dancers ?" video ?" makers ?" performers, pop has ever seen.
Greatest hits include: Ben, Off the wall, Thriller, Billie Jean, Beat it, Bad, Smooth Criminal, Dirty, Diana, I can?Tt stop loving you.
7. How do you think about the books on the screen?
Pros:
- On the screen -> it reaches a huge new audience. So if more people can enjoy a story by seeing it in a visual form, what?Ts wrong with that?
- A successful screen adaptation helps to promote the original book and increase its sales.
- Pictures make stories more vivid and life like easier to understand of complex and old ?" fashioned languages.
- Publishing industry develop.
- People lead busy lives these days. They don?Tt want to spend a week reading a novel when they can watch the film version in two hours. It?Ts a question of convenience.
- Make more choices for people: read or watch or both, in which order?
Cons:
- reading is activê? your mind has to work and create images. Watching is passive. You just sit there and all the work is done for you. It?Ts less satisfying.
- Reading -> free to stop and start other jobs. Watching you don?Tt have the freedom to stop and think for 5 minutes before you carry on.
- Screen adaptatons are never as subtle and complex as the book or plays they?Tre based on. Characters are cut out, scenes removed -> fit in 2 hours.
- Books can tell you what characters are thinking.
- Vital differences between a novel and a seri.
- Unfair influence on the book industry. Books not filmed -> not good selling.
- Bad screen version of your favourite book can ruin the original novel for you.
8. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Reading fiction (such as novels and short stories) is more enjoyable than watching movies. Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.100
Agree. Reasons:
- The more you read, the stronger your imagination becomes. Reading exercises your imaginative powers
- Develop your storytelling skill. The more reading you do the better you become at creating plots and characters.
Movies advantages:
- the images in movie are much more vivid: in a large screen in a dark room.
- Sitting in a large screen with other people is fun.
9. Is the ability to read and write more important today than in the past? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your answer.134
Agree. Reason:
- communicate through email using the Internet.
- Getting information through Internet.
- E ?" commerce: advertising on net.
10. People learn in different ways. Some people learn by doing things; other people learn by reading about things; others learn by listening to people talk about things. Which of these methods of learning is best for you? Use specific examples *****pport your choice. 89
? Best: learning by doing is the method work best.
? give a learner- first-hand experience.
? Disadvantages of other forms:
11. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should read only those books that are about real events, real people, and established facts. Use specific reasons and details *****pport your opinion.96
- Why should reading other kinds of events?
- Half of all the great books that have ever been written, not to mention the plays, short stories and poetry are imaginary.
- Reading stories as a child help develop our creativity.
- Storytelling is an emotional need for human beings.
-> fictions is too important to our culture, our minds and our emotions.
12. A folk story in your culture that has significance.
Banh Chung, Banh Day ?"printed.
13. The plot of a good book you have read recently.
- The fiction called ?oGone with the wind?
- The author: Magarret Michel.
- The background: the American civil war.
- The plot:
- The story covers 12 years in the life of a very beautiful and haughty girl, named Scarlett O?THara, also the main character, who were having the most beautiful days of her life in a noble family at the time the war happened.
- Surrounding her were numerous young, handsome guys who loved her with all their hearts.
- Due to the war the O?THaras lost all their properties to their enemies.
- Being an innocent snobbish girl, Scarlet was suddenly put under heavy burden of rearing all her younger sisters and caring for her mental father. She served as the breadwinner for a large family in an extremely difficult period.
- In her way, Scarlet had to cope with a lot of obstacle. However, with the essense of a resilent, resourceful girl, Scarlet managed to get her family overcome the most hard interval in their lives.
- Indeed, Scarlet had left me a very intensive impression for her characteristic and her energy for solving her lifetime problem. One useful tip she used whenever facing with headache situation was: ?oThinking of tomorrow. It is a different day with brighter view!?. It is also useful for all of us.
- In fact, Gone with the wind is not only a historical and drama novel but also one novel of romance. The love affair between Scarlet and Rhett Burtler would be going on all the time. Although the novel ended with the fact that Rhett left Scarlet alone, I do hope that he would late on turn back with Scarlet because they did really love each other and both deserved.
14. Film:
- What type of films do you generally like? romance.
- Tell me about a film that you really enjoyed.
- Gone with the wind ?"230 minutes ?"1939 -color (above).
- The film get 10 oscars, which includes the best film, the best actress, the best director (Victor Flemming), and some others.
15 What do you think about all the advertisements shown before the film?
- If it last not too long, for about less than 5 minutes, I would be easy ?" going.
- But in fact, sometimes the time for advertisement reaches nearly ten minutes. Consequently, any audiences would be outraged. I am not an exception.
- I understand that the profits come to the media producer mainly from the advertisement fee. However, the e***or should limit the time in an acceptable limit.

Section 3: Communication​

1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Face-to-face communication is better than other types of communication, such as letters, email, or telephone calls. Use specific reasons and details *****pport your answer. TOEFL57.
Why face ?" to face communication is the best type?
- Eliminate misunderstandings immediately: body language.
- Cement relationship: eyes and hands -> stronger relationship.
- Encourage continued interaction: longer conversation.
2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Telephones and email have made communication between people less personal. Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your opinion. TOEFL ?"not available.
(to be continued)
Dream about the Queen Of Rain!
Được queen_of_rain sửa chữa / chuyển vào 21:14 ngày 05/11/2003

Topic 11(continued)​

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Section 4: Media -television​

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1. Media ?" A world of information ?"miracle or Monster:
Today, thanks to modern ?" science, it?Ts possible to send words and pictures around the world in seconds. International events can be followed by billions of people every day. History takes place in our homes. But what effect does all this information have on society? Does it make us more aware, tolerant, and peaceful? Or ?" on the hand ?" does it make some people confused, depressed and viloent.
2. what is news?what are factors that make a good newspaper story:
- It must be new.
- It has to be dramatic
- Not about ordinary, everyday life.
- invole in conflict and Danger -> news means bad news.
- Therê?Ts Human Interest.
- People are interested in other people ?" rich, famous, powerful, like: pop stars, TV personalities, actors, politicians, royalty.
- Familiarity: stories about people, places and events which their readers know -> different from different regions.
3. your views of media:
- in my opinion, today?Ts younger generation is the best informed ever. Wê?Tre really lucky. And why do we know so much?? because of the media. OK ?" not all papers and programmes are good, I admit but so what? You don?Tt have to read or watch the bad ones. It?Ts like an information supermarket?you go in, look at what?Ts available and choose what you want.
4. How do movies or television influence peoplê?Ts behavior? Use reasons and specific examples *****pport your answer.7
How do movies or television influence peoplê?Ts behavior?
- Positive effects:
- Broader window on the world.
- Exposed to people of different races and cultures ->overcome prejudices more easily.
- News, useful information in documentary programmes.
- Relaxation, reduce stress, enhance interest in art.
- Escape our own problems for a little while.
- Show positive ways to resolve problems.
- Educational program:
- People will know many educational programs on the mass media such as cooking, driving, and animals?T lives.
- Negative effects:
- More violent:
- Attract viewers -> emphasize on violence
- Even in educational flms, more or less, there are some violent scenes
- Less sensitive to violent acts, can even commit ourselves.
- Less active: passive activity
- Unhelathy, both mentally and physically.
- Stop using imagination.
- Laziness both physical and mental.
- Wasting time to do other activities. Mostly popular television programs, such as cartoons or soap operas, are broadcast at night.
- Secondly, sometimes mass media influences peoplê?T s idea. Many people will misunderstand the issues.
5. News e***ors decide what to broadcast on TV and what to print in newspapers. What factors do you think influence their decisions? ?" cambridge1 ?"150. Media
- Before news is broadcast to the mass audience, it goes through a process called gatekeeping in which the e***ors decide what to broadcast based on three major factors: politics, sponsorship and mass appeal.
- The first factor that influences this process is politics. If the TV station or newspaper is in favour of a political party, the topics broadcast will support that party or discre*** the opposition party.
- Another factor that influences e***ors is sponsorship. If a newspaper is sponsored by a famous tobacco company, it surely contains few topics about the anti-smoking movement. Otherwise, the newspapers will lose its big sponsor.
- Moreover, e***ors tend to focus on the topics that the mass audience want to see, something that attracts attention right away, and something that is easy to understand. Thus, a TV company or a newspaper can attract more audience and thus gain more advertising.
- Nowadays, people accessing news from TV or newspapers tend to understand the world as they see it in the media. Gatekeeping influences the way people see the world and may distort what people see because of the factors associated with gatekeeping.
6. Television has destroyed communication among friends and family. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
7. Do we become used to bad news? Would it be better if more good news was reported? Paper
good news:
- it does not sell newspapers.
- Lack of listeners.
bad news:
- we have become immune to bad news and the newspaper and radio stations are aware of this.
- Main objective is to sell their products.
8. Watching too much television reduces people capacity to think for themselves -Preparation and practice ?"168.
? Firstly, watching television makes people lazy as viewers are given second ?" hand opinions, which can be used as a substitue for individual thought.
? Secondly, most television programmes are primarily entertainment as they are designed to attract viewers away from rival channels. Therefore they are aimed to appeal to the lowest common denominator and have little educational value.
? Unlike books or even radio, television leaves little scope for the imagination and so tends to dictate simplified role models of what life should be like.
9. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television, newspapers, magazines, and other media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities. Use specific reasons and details to explain your opinion.29
- Is it too much?
- Television, newspaper, magazine and web sites dig up all kinds of past bad actions
- some of these are things people did as teenagers.
- Those incidents involve experiments with drugs or being reckless in a car.
- It has an effect on the celebrity?Ts family, especially the children ?"> they may find their career ruined -> society lost one talented individual.
- -> unjust -> public don?Tt need to know.
- Why they pay so much attention *****ch subjects?
- What are the disadvantages?
10. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Watching television is bad for children. Use specific details and examples *****pport your answer.unavailable
11. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has destroyed communication among friends and family. Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your opinion.
- Why is this an exaggeration?
- It depends on the kind of programmes and type of viewers:
- Empty program + passive viewers = destroy.
- Educational program + active viewers = enhance.
12. Are famous people treated unfairly by the media ? Should they be given more privacy, or is the price of their fame an invasion into their private lives? Pd
13. Describe in general the type of television programmes that are the most popular in your country.
- Educational programmes.
- Remote educational programme for 12 form students and university students.
- Cooking, decorating class 3 times a week.
- Informations providing
- News one per 2 hours.
- Documentary films.
- Entertainment programmes.
- For all age groups: movies ?" 3 films each day in different channels.
- Music, Sport.
- Interesting contests for different age -groups:
14. Compare the media now with how it was a generation ago.
In the past.
Now.
15. What kind of effect does the media have on young people and how might this change in the future?
- Main way for relaxation.
- Main way to access for information.
16. How necessary is media sensorship in a modern society?
- neccesary for reduce in crime and violence.
17. In what ways would you control your children?Ts television viewing? Explain your reasons.
18. What television program do you like the most to watch?
You should say:
- what is the program about?
- How often you watch it?
- What is special about it?
- How long you have watched it
- And explain why rhis program draws your most attention?
Other relevant questions
? Do you like to watch cartoons?
? Do you like to watch horror movies?
? Do you prefer fiction or nonfiction books? How about movies?
? Do you prefer listening to the radio or watching TV?
? Do you think TV is educational?
? How often do you read comic books?
? If a book has been made into a movie, which do you prefer to do first, see the movie or read the book? Why?
? Should books be censored?
? Should movies be rated? Explain.
? What are some good books that you have read?
? What is the best book you have ever read?
? What are some of the good movies you have seen?
? What games are popular in your country? Why are they popular?
? What is one of your favorite TV shows?
? Why do you like it?
? When is it on?
? Does you father like it, too?
? What is the best movie you have ever seen?
? Who was in it?
? Why did you like it?
? Who was the director?
? What is the most popular drama/comedy/game show in your country, and what is the storyline (drama) or format (game show)?
? What is the worst movie you''ve ever seen?
? What is your favorite game? Why?
? What is your favorite holiday? Why?
? What is your favorite movie?
? What kind of TV programs do you usually watch?
? What kind of TV shows do you not like? Why?
? What kind of movies do you dislike? Why?
? What kind of movies do you like?
? What kind of music do you like?
? What kind of things do you like to read?
? What movie star would you most like to meet?
? What singer would you most like to meet?
? What types of TV program are there?
? Which type do you like best?
? What''s your favorite magazine? (What are some of your favorite magazines?)
? Where do you usually read?
? Which do you like better, action movies or comedy movies?
? Who are some of the famous actors and musicians in your country?
? Who are some of your favorite actors and actresses?
end of topic 11
Dream about the Queen Of Rain!

Topic 12: Music -Art- Fashion -Sport ​

Section 1: sport​

1. Why do you think some people are attracted to dangerous sports or other dangerous activities? Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your answer. ?" 49.
This person is often
- a risk taker in both sports and business.
- an optimist: they live for the thrill of the moment without a thought to the many things that could go wrong.
- A fatalist: they might plan for potential problems, but once they have done everything they can do, the outcome is out of their hands.
2. Some young children spend a great amount of their time practicing sports. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your answer.103
Advantages:
- Better health: good habit of daily exercise.
- Learn how to work hard towards a goal.
- Strengthen their confidence.
- Make friends and learn teamwork.
Disadavantages:
- Their focus is very narrow ->neglect schoolwork.
- They should try out many different activities.
- under pressure from parents or coaches -> health and emotional problems.
Best: balance for each individual.
3. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing a game is fun only when you win. Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your answer.109
?o it?Ts not whether you win or lose, it?Ts how you play the gamê?.
- time with friends: tennis.
- Learn new things: Scrable.
- Work as a team: soccer.
-> Enjoy having a good time.
4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing games teaches us about life. Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your answer. 120
What lessons can games teach us?
- cause ?"effect relationship: Everything we do causes something else happen.
- How to deal with other people: teamwork.
- Follow rule to achieve something: learn to make plan, implement strategies, make adjustment..
- Life is coulorful.
5. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Games are as important for adults as they are for children. Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your answer.43
Regardless of your age, playing games can help you keep your mind aleart, learn new things, and build friendship.
6. Some famous athletes and entertainers earn millions of dollars very year. Do you think these people deserve such high salaries? Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your opinion.133
Why can those figures earn so much money?
- the market determines who get paid what.
- Teachers are paid by tax dollars.
- Sports teams make hundreds of million of dollars every year.
- Earn fabulous profits from radio and television rights, as well as everything sold at the concession stands.
- The same is true of movies. They are produced by studios that make profits annually.
- These enterprises can afford to pay their entertainers and sports figures huge salaries, because those athletes and film stars draw people to the entertainment.
Why are we willing to pay so much to see a ball game or a movie?
- We want distraction: we want to be entertained.
- We think of education as a right while entertainment seems like a luxury. We expect to pay for out luxuries.
Do they deserve?
- Disadvantages of atheletes:
- Short careers.
- Atheletes may be too old in their early 30s.
- Many of them gamble early in their lives on making in big in the sports or entertainment world, and deny themselves a good education.
- Little chance of a stable career -> need to earn enough money *****pport them for a long time.
-> conclusion: it is hard to sympathize with people who do as they don?Tt deserve the most value in our society.
7. When famous people such as actors, athletes and rock stars give their opinions, many people listen. Do you think we should pay attention to these opinions? Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your answer.129
Why we shouldn?Tt pay attention to these opinion?
- Not just because of who they are: limited knowledge in a specific focus.
8. Should sports classes be sacrificed in High School so students can concentrate on Academic subjects?
9. Professional sport involves large sums of money and receives enormous coverage. Do you think this is justified?
10. Sports now receive too much attention from the public. Sport personalities are paid much more than they deserve. Agree?
11. Topic44:The dominance of black people in US sport is due to sociological rather than physiological factors. Discuss.
12. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Attending a live performance (for example, a play, concert, or sporting event) is more enjoyable than watching the same event on television. Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your opinion. TOEFL
13. Describe your favourite sport. Say:
? whether you like playing it/them or you prefer watching it.
? What in particular you like about the sport.
? Whether you would like to change something about it. Explain why.
14. Describe the role of sports on humans?T daily life.
15. Evaluate the effects of international sporting events on world peace.
16. Speculate the development of sports in future.
17. Which sports are popular in your country?
- Football is the most popular one.
- One match consists of 2 teams, each has 11 players: 1 goal keeper, 2 -4 backs, 2-4 half ?"backs and the left are striker.
- Each match need a major referee, 2 or 3 linemen.
- Each team will try their best to kick the ball into the opponent?Ts net and if they are succesful they score a goal. The final score would be rate of goals each team has scored. One team may be the lose, winner or ended in a draw.
18. What problems are connected to sport? (e.g. drugs in sport)
- Drug abuse.
- Commercialization.
- Lost of identity.

Section 2: Art​

1. Tell me something about Vietnamese handicraft.
? Vietnam is a country rich in handicraft products, thanks to the hardworking and creative qualities of the Vietnamese people. For a very long time, handicraft products have been a source of cultural pride and a source of income for the people.
? Tho cam handbags are unique works from the skilled hands of the ethnic women living in the Northwest regions, such as Cao Bang.
? Embroidered articles and silk products are famous from the regions of Ha Dong, Nam Ha, Thai Binh and Hue.
? Bat Trang is famous for its porcelain or china works.
? Wood products and wood carvings can usually be found in Phu Xuyen (Ha Tay), Haiphong, and Hue.
? There are thousands of types of handicraft products. Some of these handicrafts have been internationally recognized and popularized, such as lacquerware.
? While lacquer artists produce a limited number of paintings and sculptures, lacquer crafts have been part of Vietnamese life in many forms: vases, boxes, interior decorating items, jewelry, and office products.
? With about 2,000 years of history, Vietnamese lacquerware and other products made by a community of handicraft artists, have established a firm and growing position in the domestic and international markets.
2. It is generally agreed that society benefits from the work of its members. Compare the contributions of artists to society with the contributions of scientists to society. Which type of contribution do you think is valued more by your society? Give specific reasons *****pport your answer. TOEFL
Artists and scientists both make valuable contribution to our society. It may seem sometimes that artists are more valued. That?Ts because those artirst who are famous make a lot of money. However they are relatively few. The fact is that scientists are more valued. They get more respect from society for the work they do.
Artists reflect their times and their culture. A painter or a writer shows us in pictures and words what wê?Tre like as a people. They record our culture for future generations. Actors and other performer, like singers and dancers, entertain us. They take our minds of our troubles, and remind us how beautiful and exciting our imagination can be. Artists also help keep their societies mentally and emotionally healthy. For example, children that participate in the arts, such as painting or music, in school do better in their other studies. Art of all types is neccesry to the human spirit.
The contributions scientist make to society are more obvious. They include the cars we drive, the computer we use at home and at work and the appliances that help us cook our meals and clean our houses. All of these come from the ideas and the hard work of scientists. Because of scientific discoveries, wê?Tre living longer and more beautiful lives. Scientists also contribute to the arts. Movies are the result of science. So are television, radio, and the recording of music on CDs.
Generally, scientists don?Tt make as much money as famous artists like film stars opera singers or successful painters. However, our society gives them more respect and they generally make a dood lving. Scientists are considered to be serious professionals while artists are sometimes viewed as flaky, irresponsible people. So overall, I?Td have to conclude that we value scientists more.
3. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? All students should be required to study art and music in secondary school. Use specific reasons *****pport your answer. TOEFL
I agree that all students should be required to study art and music in high school. I?Tve read that young children who study art and musci in grade school do better in their other studies. That argument aside, we should study art and music for its ske alone. We should study art and muic to learn more about our selves, our culture, and our world.
Both art and music feed students?T imaginations and help them express themselves. Therê?Ts a reason our ancestors in ****s drew on the walls and made music with drums. Wanting to express ourselves is natural. It gives us an avenue for our emotions and fears. It may not be music other people want to bear or art others will appeciate but the activity itself is enjoyable. It shouldn?Tt matter if the end result isn?Tt perfec. In the process, we learn what we like and dislike.
Studying art and music means more than drawing or playing an instrument. Students usually go to art galleries and concerts, too. By studying the pictures on the museums?T walls or by reading the program notes at a recital, students will learn what socity has decided is worthy of praise. They learn what is important in their own culture.
Students may also learn about other cultures by looking at art and listening to music from other countries. When they do that they?Tll see similarities and differences eith their own. They?Tll learn about what is important in other societies. Students will also learn how the art and music of other cultures affect our own.
By studying art and music in high school, students begin to understand themselves as well as their own culture and other cultures. What could be more value than that?
4. Describe a museum or art gallery that you have visited.
You should say:
- where is it?
- Why you went there.
- What you particularly remember about the place.
- The Museum of the Cultures of Vietnam?Ts Ethnic Groups located in downtown Thai Nguyen in Thai Nguyen province, was established in 1960.
- It contains more than 4,000 documents, exhibits, and pictures, concerning all aspects of Vietnamese civilization.
- The museum also presents an extensive collection of agricultural, handicraft, and hunting tools.
- Typical ritual clothes with bright colors and decorative motifs of different ethnic minorities are also exhibited.
- The Museum of the Cultures of Vietnam?Ts Ethnic Groups is a repository depicting the culture of ethnic groups living throughout the nation. It is also a place for people to learn about the origins and tra***ional cultural identities of every ethnic group in Vietnam.
5. Many people visit museums when they travel to new places. Why do you think people visit museums? Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your answer. TOEFL
Because museums tell them a lot about the culture of those places, museum are also fun. Every museum will have at least one thing of interest to somebody.
When visiting someplace new, you can find out about the culture of that place in many ways. You can go to a movie or a place of worship or a nightclub. Another option is to sit in the park and listen to the people around you. The easiest way to learn about a placê?Ts culture, though, is by visiting its museums. Museums will show you the history of the place where you are visiting. They?Tll show you what art the locals think is important. If there aren?Tt any museums, that tells you something too.
Museums are fun. Even if you?Tre not interested in art or history, there is always something to get your attention. Many museums now have what they call bananas- on exhibits. These were originally designed to keep children occupired while their parents were looking at exhibits. However museums have found that adults enjoy hands ?" on opportunities just as much as children. These exhibits have activitities like pushing a button to hear about what you?Tre looking at, creating your own work of art, or trying on clothese like those on the models in the museum.
People also enjoy visiting museums about unusaul subjects. For instance, in my hometown therê?Ts a museum devored to the potatô?
Museums are popular because they are about us. They reflect our creations, our values, and our dreams. No matter who you are or what you like, somewhere there is a museum that will amaze you and interest you.
(to be continued)
Dream about the Queen Of Rain!

Topic 12 (continued)​

Section 3: Music​

1. Why do they love rock and pop so much?
- fast, loud music stimulates the human brain.
- It?Ts an international youth language.
- It?Ts fun to admire and follow the careers of rich, beautiful star.
- It?Ts social. It brings people together at clubs, discos, and concerts.
- It?Ts always changing.
- It has lots of different styles ?" heavy metal soul, acid house, reggae rock ?" so therê?Ts something for everyone.
- It?Ts an escape from the problems and boredom of everyday life.
- It?Ts a saafe way to rebel against the older generation.
- It talks about love, imagination and freedom.
Negative sides:
- loud music ( in clubs or personal stereos) can damage your hearing.
- Head ?" banging at heavy metal concerts can cause brain damage.
- Some kinds of music create feelings of aggression and violence.
- Rock cultures has strong connections with drug ?" taking ( marijuana,? cocaine and ectasy)
2. People listen to music for different reasons and at different times. Why is music important to many people? Use specific reasons and examples *****pport your choice. TOEFL139
? Music is one of the most interesting methods for people to communicate with each other (express their feelings, thinking, intesion or wish).
? Music is one of fundamental demands of human relaxation.
? Music participate in many aspects of human life (used to enhance the courage of soldier during wars, show grief in funerals, express the happiness at weddings and to praise/cheer victories).
? Music is something most people want and need. I think it?Ts important because it can be a major part of both community and individual experience.
? People use music to express their innermost feelings, to encourage themselves while working and fighting, to educate their children in good tra***ions and national sentiment, to communicate with the invisible, and *****blimate their aspirations for a happy life.
? Music is a way of sharing a common bond or feeling.
We have national anthems to share our love and pride for our particular country.
? Music is also a major part of individual experiences.
? When we fall in love, music is usually part of that experience. People talk about having ?oour song?. That means the song that was playing when they meet or a song they both liked when they fell in love.
? When we get married, we play music before and after and sometimes during the ceremony. It expresses how we feel.
? We play music to calm our nerves or to stimulate ourselves to get on with a task.
? We also play music for the simple enjoyment of listening to the sounds.
Music is special to us because it express our connection with our culture, and because it enhances our individual experiences. Nothing else seems to capture our feelings quite so well.
3. What kind of music do you like best?
Bac Ninh is very famous for one kind of Vietnamese tra***ional music: quan ho singing.
? The birth place of quan ho folk songs is in Bac Ninh province.
? During village festivals, which are held every year, particularly in spring, young men and women gather in the yard of a communal house or pagoda, on a hill or in a rowing boat, and sing quan ho.
? This is a style of singing where songs alternate from group to group, going back and forth from one to the other.
? Quan ho singing is a folk art of highly collective nature.
? Those who sing are not entertainers, but all are part of the performance, and everyone is welcome to join.
4. What is/are your favourite music group(s)? why?
5. Describe your feelings when you listen to your favourite music/songs of your country?
6. Describe the role of music in your life. Say:
? How important music is to you in your daily life.
? Whether playing a kind of musical instrument brings about certain benefits.
? What some of the possible benefits are.
7. Compare/contrast the international music and the tra***ional music of different cultures. Which do you think is more valuable?
8. What cultural characteristic does Vietnamese tra***ional music reflect?
For the Vietnamese, music is considered to be an essential need; therefore, numerous musical instruments and genres intended for various purposes have been developed.
Vietnamese people use music to express their innermost feelings, to encourage themselves while working and fighting, to educate their children in good tra***ions and national sentiment, to communicate with the invisible, and *****blimate their aspirations for a happy life.
The simple and primitive instruments, as well as the more sophisticated ones, have been preserved to form a rich musical treasure.
Numerous forms of songs and music have also been created and retained. They include lullabies, children?Ts songs, ritual songs, festivity songs, various work songs, courtship songs, riddle songs, melodies, and poem narration. There are also songs and music for groups, as well as for tra***ional theatre.
Vietnamese tra***ional music is diverse due to the various genres that took shape during different periods of history. Songs of the same genre often differ very much in melody and expression from ethnicity to ethnicity. As a result, lullabies, for example, of the Kinh differ from those of the Muong.
Tra***ional music has played an important role in the lives of the Vietnamese.
Currently, music still occupies a considerable position in the spiritual lives of the Vietnamese.
Some genres of music still exist in rural areas, while others were brought to the stage to meet the demands of the population.
9. What do you enjoy about the tra***ional music of your country?
Quan Ho Singing
The birth place of quan ho folk songs is in Ha Bac province. During village festivals, which are held every year, particularly in spring, young men and women gather in the yard of a communal house or pagoda, on a hill or in a rowing boat, and sing quan ho. This is a style of singing where songs alternate from group to group, going back and forth from one to the other.
Quan ho singing is a folk art of highly collective nature. Those who sing are not entertainers, but all are part of the performance, and everyone is welcome to join.
10. Commercialisation of music
- Famous singers get very high incomes.
- Reason:
11. Compare the importance of music now with how it was when your grandparents were young.
12. What do you think will be the effects of music on future societies.
Youngsters do not find the glamour in the tra***ional musical instruments that they like in the gleaming Western instruments.
However, there are still those students who attend the music schools in the country to study tra***ional music. No doubt, many of them are there to please their parents.
Those serious students of tra***ional music in the schools need more encouragement so that this art form in Vietnam will not be allowed to dwindle away.
It would be in very poor con***ion today were it not for the new interest in the modern theater which uses tra***ional music to accompany the acting. VNS-
But like pop acts the world over, Vietnamese bands have their critics. These critics say that Vietnamese pop is simply a copy of its Western counterpart and that it lacks Vietnamese identity.
Of couse, this has not deterred the pop bands, many of which have gained international recognition, and their legion of young fans. These young boys and girls say they will never give up their ways.
13. Do you recommend any theatre in Hanoi?
The Hanoi Opera House is situated on Trang Tien Street near the Red River and several hundreds metres East of Hoan Kiem Lake.
It is an old theatre with French architecture and typical Gothic and Mosaic characters reflected on the door domes and the glassed room respectively.
For a long time, the Hanoi Opera House has been a rendezvous for those who love theatrical performance and tra***ional songs and music, symphonies, opera and classical opera.
It is also a tourist attraction for local and foreign visitors.

Section 4: fashion​

1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People behave differently when they wear different clothes. Do you agree that different clothes influence the way people behave? Use specific examples *****pport your answer. TOEFL -unneccesary
2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One should never judge a person by external appearances. Use specific reasons and details *****pport your answer. TOEFL -unneccesary
3. Some people trust their first impressions about a person?Ts character because they believe these judgments are generally correct. Other people do not judge a person?Ts character quickly because they believe first impressions are often wrong. Compare these two attitudes. Which attitude do you agree with? Support your choice with specific examples. TOEFL -unneccessary
4. Do you think it is important to wear fashionable clothes?
5. (Do you think it is imporatant to be in fashion?)
6. What kind of clothes do you usually wear?
7. How do you choose your clothes?
8. How does weather change your dressing style?
9. Where are some good stores to buy clothes in this area?
10. Would you like to be a fashion model? Why/Why not?
11. Tell me about Vnese tra***ional costume:
Tra***ional costumes of the Vietnamese people tend to be very simple and modest. Men wear brown shirts and white trousers. Their headgear is simply a piece of cloth wrapped around the head and their footwear consists of a pair of plain sandals.
For formal ceremonies men would have two ad***ional items, a long gown with slits on either side, and a turban, usually in black or brown made of cotton or silk. Men''s dress has gradually changed along with social development.
The tra***ional set of a long gown and turban gave way to more modern looking suits, while business shirts and trousers have replaced tra***ional long sleeved shirts and wide trousers. Tra***ional costumes still exist and efforts are increasingly being made to restore tra***ional festivals and entertainment which incorporate tra***ional costumes.
Young women wear light brown-colored short shirts with long black skirts. Their headgear consists of a black turban with a peak at the front. To make their waist look smaller, they tightly fasten a long piece of pink or violet cloth. On formal occasions, they wear a special three layered dress called an "ao dai", a long gown with slits on either side.
Over time, the tra***ional "ao dai" has gone through certain changes. Long gowns are now carefully tailored to fit the body of a Vietnamese woman. The two long slits along the side allow the gown to have two free floating panels in the front and at the back of the dress. The floating panels expose a long pair of white silk trousers.
An elegant looking conical palm hat, which is tra***ionally known as a "non bai tho" (a hat with poetry written on it), is worn as part of a woman''s formal dress. This tra***ional conical hat is particularly suitable for a tropical country such as Vietnam, where fierce sunshine and hard rain are commonplace.
In recent years some foreign fashions have been introduced to Vietnam; however, the tra***ional "ao dai" remains preferable to women in both urban and rural settings.
In general, Vietnamese clothing is very diverse. Every ethnic group in Vietnam has its own style of clothing. Festivals are the occasion for all to wear their favorite clothes. Over thousands of years, the tra***ional clothing of all ethnic groups in Vietnam has changed, but each ethnic group has separately maintained their own characteristics.
(end of topic 12)
Dream about the Queen Of Rain!