Lại là chuyện viết lại lịch sử, bây giờ là người Nga

Ý kiến của dân nga về Stalin, năm 2003:
The great and horrible Stalin
Russians were asked the following question: "WHAT DO YOU THINK OF FIRST WHEN YOU HEAR THE NAME ''STALIN''?"
42% spoke negative words, 32% positive, and 15% were indifferent in their statements.
The first group of respondents spoken about his totalitarian regime and the impossible situation for people living in that time: "dictatorship", "hunger", "horrors", "millions of ruined human lives", "repression, death camps, the GULAG". According to these respondents, Stalin was a "monster", "hangman", "despot", and "demon".
The second group mentioned his achievements as leader of the Soviet Union during industrialization, the Great Patriotic War, and the post-war period ("empire"; "our pride: Russia was a great power twice ?" under Peter the Great, and under Stalin"; "our victory over Germany"; "there was strong order then"; "our industry was developing").
As for neutral statements, these included simple statements of fact, for example: "the leader of the USSR", "the war of 1941-1945", "Stalin''s death in 1953", "his moustache and pipe".
The Public Opinion Foundation. Russia-wide poll of urban and rural population. February 22, 2003. 1500 respondents.
______________________
"This is how it was ..."
Half of century after the death of Stalin, many Russians (40%) don''t remember the significance of the date of March 5. People with a higher education (57%), respondents over 50 (55%), and Zyuganov supporters (51%) are noticeably more likely to say they remember what happened on this date.
Almost half of Russians think that it is important to remember this date (47%). 35% think his death is not worthy of the people''s memory.
Why is it important to remember the date of Stalin''s death? Primarily, because "knowing national history is important, and this is an historical date" (24%). 11% of those surveyed noted that Stalin "did many good things for the people and our state", "he was a good leader" and "the master". Some people (4%) think we must remember Stalin''s death because he was responsible for the victory in World War II.
At the same time, another 4% think this date should be kept in mind to avoid similar mistakes and to remember the millions of victims of Stalin''s regime ("so such a tragedy doesn''t happen again in our country"; "our children and grandchildren should know about it to avoid old mistakes"). Two percent of respondents consider March 5, 1953 to have been the beginning of a new epoch - "the national liberation from terror", and noted that "the bloody times finished with Stalin''s death".
As for those who think it is not important to remember the date of Stalin''s death, they are guided by a negative or indifferent attitude towards him. Here are their arguments: "why should we remember someone who killed people?"; "the memory of this bloody man is sinful"; "I don''t consider this to be an important event".
The Public Opinion Foundation. Russia-wide poll of urban and rural population. February 22, 2003. 1500 respondents
_______________________________
Stalin''s role in history
According to 36% of Russians, Stalin did more good than harm for Russia. 29% of those surveyed hold the opposite opinion, and 34% found it difficult to estimate his performance as leader.
At the same time, only 30% of those surveyed found it difficult to answer the open-ended question: "WHAT DID STALIN DO THAT WAS GOOD?" The victory in World War II was mentioned by 35% ("We won the war because of him"), as well as establishing order in the country - 18% ("there was strong order and discipline, everybody worked well, and the laws were observed"; "he was high-handed with the country"). According to 16% of those surveyed, the life of ordinary citizens was stable when Stalin led the country, and there was social equality, ("a smart leader cared about the people"; "there were no beggars or hungry people", "prices decreased annually"; "people didn''t fear the coming of the next day", "education and the medical services were free"; "the majority had approximately the same income", "there were no poor and rich people").
Moreover, some respondents (10%) noted that Stalin "recover a peaceful life for Russia after the war," while 8% said that he "organized prewar industrialization and collectivization." Our state was "strong and powerful when Stalin was our leader", "the USSR was respected by other countries", "other countries feared us then" (8%). Some people (3%) believe our society was more moral and more united under Stalin ("all the nations were friendly toward each other"; "he brought people up in the tra***ions of patriotism"; "he created an ideology for the people of those times").
One percent of respondents consider the USSR''s achievements in science and culture to be to Stalin''s merit ("he provided a jump in engineering"; "nuclear physics was developed under his rule"). The same number approve of the deportation of people that was practiced in Stalin''s time ("he settled problems with some nations quickly").
However, almost the same number - two-thirds - agreed to answer the following open-ended question: "WHAT DID STALIN DO THAT WAS BAD?", while 32% found it difficult to answer.
The main issue - mass repression p was mentioned by 61% of Russians ("there was terror"; "he ruined more people than in the war"; "genocide of our own people"). Some answers mentioned Stalin''s methods of governance and the general situation during Stalin''s times ("there was no law when he governed"; "people feared each other"; "there was no freedom of speech") - 8%.
People also blame Stalin for our poor preparedness for the war and the enormous number of human victims from the fighting ("the war started because of him"; "he didn''t believe that Hitler might start a war against Russia"; "too many victims in the war") - 3%. Another 3% mentioned the millions of victims among the rural population from the forced collectivization ("collective farms were organized monstrously"; "he ruined the agriculture sector"; "many people suffered from hunger"; "he liquidated the middle-level farmers).
The Public Opinion Foundation. Russia-wide poll of urban and rural population. February 22, 2003. 1500 respondents.
_______________________
Nguồn: http://bd.english.fom.ru/az/cat/S/stalin

Đến năm 2005:
Stalin''s Role in World War II
It seems that most Russians are not ready to discard the myth that Joseph Stalin "won the war" over Nazi Germany. According to 58% of respondents, Stalin made a major contribution to the Soviet Union''s victory. This opinion was mostly shared by people over 55 (68%), village dwellers (65%), and almost unanimously by KPRF followers (85%), while the opposite opinion is expressed by only 18% of respondents. Residents of big cities and people with a higher education were more likely to disparage Stalin''s role than others.
Many people (40%) estimate Stalin''s activity in World War II positively, while 31% think it was positive and negative in equal degree, and only 11% estimate it as absolutely negative. KPRF followers (64%), people over 55 (50%), and respondents with an unfinished secondary education (46%) were more likely to estimate Stalin''s activity during the war as absolutely positively, while complicated estimations were mostly given by people who trust President Putin and respondents with comparatively large incomes (37% each). Absolutely negative evaluations were mostly expressed by respondents with a higher education (18%).
Respondents were asked open-ended questions about Stalin''s achievements and failures during World War II. 59% agreed to answer the question about his achievements. Respondents were most likely to consider Stalin to be a talented organizer, and note his ability to establish order and discipline under con***ions of war ("total discipline", "order in the country", "he was high-handed with the country") - 20%. Stalin''s personal qualities were mentioned as well: heartless, purposeful, strong-willed and responsible ("justified cruelty"; "his strong nature"; "cruelty ?" because there was no choice") - 12%. Five percent of respondents are convinced that Stalin developed the strategy of military operations, issued orders, and organized the work of the home front. Many people say it would have been impossible to beat Nazi Germany without Stalin ("our victory would have been impossible without him"; "if there had been no Stalin, Germany would have won") - 8%.
Another groups of answers include the characteristics of the Soviet people ?" their unity, steadfastness and patriotism (12%). Stalin here is described as a leader who managed to mobilize these qualities ("he inspired people for victory") or as a symbol of unity ("solders began an attack by shouting his name, he was the symbol"). Three percent of respondents think talented military leaders and ordinary Russians played the main role in defeating the Nazis, not Stalin.
53% of respondents talked about Stalin''s negative influence during the war. They were most likely to speak about mass repression and arrests, and genocide against their own citizens ("terror against our own people"; "concentration camps"; "he ordered the killing of those who were not guilty"; "genocide against our own people") - 24%. Some respondents (11%) spoke about his cruelty and despotism ("heartless"; "Stalin didn''t care about the people"; "a persecution mania"). 20% of respondents blame Stalin for incompetence and irresponsibility, mistakes in strategy and criminal actions before and during the war ("killing of our military elite"; "he caused the collapse of our army shortly before the war"; "he was incompetent in military matters"; "he didn''t sign the Geneva Convention"; "everything that related to prisoners").
The Public Opinion Foundation. Russia-wide poll of urban and rural population conducted in 100 residencies in 44 regions, territories, and republics, in all economic and geographical areas of Russia. Interviews are conducted at the homes of interviewees. Household interviews with a sample size of 1500 respondents. The margin of error does not exceed 3.6%. April 23, 2005.
Có sự thay đổi về cách nhìn của người Nga về Stalin, có thể là do định hướng của nhà nước Nga nhằm đề cao lòng tự tôn dân tộc.

Hậu quả của tinh thần tự tôn dân tộc (cực đoan) thì chắc ai cũng biết rồi đấy, bọn đầu trọc càng ngày càng hoành hành. Chỉ khổ cho anh em du học sinh thôi.

Chú Hoàng biết tới 1 mà không biết tới 2, LB Nga hiện tại hầu như đã mất đi "thế mạnh" về công tác tư tưởng tuyên truyền, Huê Cầy hiện nay đang ở vị trí dẫn đầu, mới thực sự là nhà vô địch về công tác tư tưởng tuyên truyền: thuyết phục bằng được cộng đồng quốc tế, dư luận trong nước là cái tay Xát Đam có võ khí hạch tâm.. xua quân đến chiếm cuối cùng chỉ tìm thấy được miếng giấy gói, còn quả bơm tìm hoài đến giờ vẫn chưa thấy.
Chỉ tội cho thường dân Iraq dưới thời trị vị của kẻ xâm lăng.. bây giờ mỗi tối xem TV thì thấy đó: nồi da xáo thịt, bom nổ ì đùng, lính tráng muốn bắt ai thì bắt. Tất cả cũng chỉ là do việc nói láo mà ra, thiệt ra mục đích của họ là khác.. nhưng rêu rao toàn là 3 cái cao qúy. Như vừa rồi cái tay thủ tướng Úc Đại Lợi.. lột hẳn cái mặt nạ và thẳng thừng tuyên bố "chúng tôi đến Iraq là vì dầu khí".
Bởi thế xem ra trình của Putin vẫn còn lạc hậu 1 bậc, trong khi các nước tân tiến đã phát triển công tác tuyên truyền đến mức độ công nghiệp.

Ừ thì bọn nhà Bush chúng nó sai, như vậy thì Việc Putin làm (sai) sẽ trở thành đúng à ? Lạc đề quá đi thôi.

Chả biết ai cho bạn Hoang cái quyền cho rằng việc Putin làm là sai. Định trao dổi thêm với bạn nhưg tôi thấy có lẽ không nên tốn thời gian để trao đổi với những người thích nhìn phiến diệnn hư bạn làm gì.
Bạn nghĩ gì, nói gì thì tuỳ bạn. Rồi lịch sử sẽ cho bạn thấy bạn đúng hay sai.

Bất cứ ai đều có quyền quyết định cho mình chuyện gì đúng, chuyện gì sai. Và nếu không vi phạm quy định của TTVNOL và pháp luật VN thì mình được quyền tự do phát biểu ý kiến của mình trên diễn đàn. Bác không thích thì có quyền không nghe, và không phát biểu. Nếu bác không đồng ý thì cứ lý lẽ mà phản bác, đừng như 1 số người cố gằng bôi nhọ, tấn công cá nhân mình, nhỉ.

Có câu: không nên đổ thêm nước vào cái bình đã đầy. Bởi thế, tôi sẽ không tranh luận với bạn nữa vì điều đó chỉ phí thời gian. Chỉ nhắc cho bạn biết, trưóc bạn, trong box đã có hơn 1 chủ đề về Stalin, mời bạn xem lại:
- http://5nam.ttvnol.com/f_533/127357.ttvn
- http://5nam.ttvnol.com/f_533/125594/trang-2.ttvn
- [topic]846720[/topic]
Chấm hết.

Không muốn nói mà cũng phải nói

Thế bác tưởng dân Nga là con rối đấy à, nói sao tin vậy chắc, mà bác có sống đúng cái thời đó không mà kêu là không đúng sự thật lịch sử ?!? Em cũng chẳng biết Stalin đúng hay sai nên em cũng miễn bình luận

Bác nói cứ như nhà tiên tri, hớ hớ

Bác nói thế thì người ta sao nói được, nên người ta không nói cũng đúng, hê hê
Nói tóm lại, bác khách Mĩ hay khách Tây mà nói Nga ghê thế, em thì cứ cái gì mà Putin nói và làm là em tin à, nên có mười bác hay nghìn bác nói sao thì nói chứ em vẫn tin Putin thui. Mà theo em thì Putin chẳng viết lại lịch sử, mà là Nói cho đúng lịch sử, hê hê

các bác nên tách riêng phần thành tựu của Liên Bang xô Viết và thành tựu cá nhân của Stlain ra, vơ vào hết công lao cho Stalin thì tất nhiên thấy tội của ông ta nhỏ.
Nếu nhìn riêng cái tội của ông ta thì thấy tội ấy là cực khủng !