Lịch sử vương quốc Thái lan.

Nói về "nam tiến" thì Thái Lan ăn đứt VN. Họ đã hòa nhập mà không hòa tan với nền văn hóa Khme.

Hồi đó bọn Pháp cậy là đế quốc nên cũng xẻo của Tàu khối đất. Chả vậy mà hiệp ước Pháp - Thanh luôn bị bọn tàu cho là không công bằng. Pháp mà ở đây lâu thêm chút nữa thì VN xơi nốt cả Vân nam. Lúc đó Pháp đã làm tuyến đường sắt Hải phòng - Côn minh rồi còn gì!

@porthos: Thái Lan chiếm đất của Lào bạn ah. Vùng Isan Đông Bắc Thái Lan ngày nay với 13 triệu dân là đất của Lào xưa. Tiếng nói và phong tục ở đây gần với người Lào hơn là người Thái. Đây là vùng đất gắn với câu nói nổi tiếng của chủ tịch Cayxon Phonvihane "chỗ nào mà người dân ăn xôi, thổi khèn và ở nhà sàn thì đấy là đất của người Lào". Ở phía bên kia bờ sông Me khoong (phía Thái Lan), người Lào vẫn giữ được 2 vùng đất nhỏ (thật ngạc nhiên). Một ở tỉnh Bokeo (Bắc Lào) và một ở tỉnh Champasak (Nam Lào).
Cheer!

The history of Thailand begins with the migration of the Thais from their ancestral home in southern China into mainland southeast Asia around the 10th century AD. Prior to this Mon, Khmer and Malay kingdoms ruled the region. The Thais established their own states starting with Sukhothai and then Ayutthaya kingdom. These states fought each other and were under constant threat from the Khmers, Burma and Vietnam. Much later, the European colonial powers threatened in the 19th and early 20th centuries, but Thailand survived as the only Southeast Asian state to avoid colonial rule. After the end of the absolute monarchy in 1932, Thailand endured sixty years of almost permanent military rule before the establishment of a democratic system.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Initial states of Thailand
* 2 Sukhothai and Lannathai
* 3 Ayutthaya
* 4 Thornburi and Bangkok period
* 5 Military rule
* 6 Democracy
* 7 See also
* 8 References
[e***] Initial states of Thailand
Main article: Initial states of Thailand
Prior to the southwards migration of the Tai people from Yunnan in the 10th century, the Indochina peninsula had been a home to various indigenous animistic communities for as far back as 500,000 years ago. The recently discovery of Homo erectus fossils, also known as the Lampang man is but one example. The remains were first discovered during excavations in Lampang province, Thailand. The finds have been dated from roughly 1,000,000 - 500,000 years ago in the Pleistocene. Historians agree that the diverse Austro-Asiatic groups that inhabited the Indochina peninsula are related to the people whom todate inhabit the islands of the Pacific. These peoples were dispersed along the Gulf of Thailand, Malay Peninsula and Malay Archipelago, they inhabited the coastal areas of the archipelago as well as other remote islands[1]. The seafarers possessed advanced navigation skills, some of the seafarers sailed as far as New Zealand, Hawaii and Madagascar.
The most well known pre-historic settlement in Thailand is often associated to the major archaeological site at Ban Chiang; dating of artefacts from this site is a consensus that at least by 3600 BC, the inhabitants had developed bronze tools and also began the cultivation of rice. Around the first century of the Christian era, according to Funan epigraphy and the records of Chinese historians(Coedes), a number of trading settlements of the South, appears to have been organized into several Indianised states, among the earliest of which are believed to be Langkasuka and Tambralinga.
[e***] Sukhothai and Lannathai
Main article: Sukhothai kingdom
Main article: Lannathai
Thais date the founding of their nation to the 13th century. According to tra***ion, Thai chieftains gained independence from the Khmer Empire at Sukhothai, which was established as a sovereign Kingdom by Pho Khun Si Indrathit in 1238. A political feature called, in Thai, ''father governs children'' existed at this time. Everybody could bring their problems to the king directly; there was a bell in front of the palace for this purpose. The city briefly dominated the area under King Ramkhamhaeng, who established the Thai alphabet, but after his death in 1365 it fell into decline and became subject to another emerging Thai state known as the Ayutthaya kingdom, which dominated southern and central Thailand until the 1700s.
Another Thai state that coexisted with Sukhothai was the northern state of Lanna. This state emerged in the same period as Sukhothai, but survived longer. Its independent history ended in 1558, when it fell to the Burmese; thereafter it was dominated by Burma and Ayutthaya in turn before falling to the army of the Siamese King Taksin in 1775.
[e***] Ayutthaya
Main article: Ayutthaya kingdom
The first ruler of the Kingdom of Ayutthaya, King Ramathibodi I, made two important contributions to Thai history: the establishment and promotion of Theravada Buddhism as the official religion ?" to differentiate his kingdom from the neighbouring Hindu kingdom of Angkor ?" and the compilation of the Dharmashastra, a legal code based on Hindu sources and tra***ional Thai custom. The Dharmashastra remained a tool of Thai law until late in the 19th century. Beginning with the Portuguese in the 16th century, Ayutthaya had some contact with the West, but until the 1800s, its relations with neighbouring nations as well as with India and China, were of primary importance. Ayutthaya dominated a considerable area, ranging from the Islamic states on the Malay Peninsula to states in northern Thailand. Nonetheless, the Burmese, who had control of Lanna and had also unified their kingdom under a powerful dynasty, launched several invasion attempts in the 1750s and 1760s. Finally, in 1767, the Burmese attacked the city and conquered it. The royal family fled the city where the king died of starvation ten days later. The Ayutthaya royal line had been extinguished. Overall there are 33 kings in this period, including an unofficial king.
There were 5 dynasties during Ayutthaya period:
1. Eu Thong Dynasty which consists of 3 kings
2. Suphanabhumi Dynasty consisting of 13 kings
3. Sukhothai Dynasty consisting of 7 kings
4. Prasart Thong (Golden Tower) Dynasty consisting of 4 kings
5. Bann Plu Dynasty consisting of 6 kings
[e***] Thornburi and Bangkok period
Main article: History of Thailand (1768?"1932)
After more than 400 years of power, in 1767, the Kingdom of Ayutthaya was brought down by invading Burmese armies, its capital burned, and the territory split. General Taksin managed to reunite the Thai kingdom from his new capital of Thonburi and declared himself king in 1769. However, Taksin allegedly became mad, and he was deposed, taken prisoner, and executed in 1782. General Chakri succeeded him in 1782 as Rama I, the first king of the Chakri dynasty. In the same year he founded the new capital city at Bangkok, across the Chao Phraya river from Thonburi, Taksin''s capital. In the 1790s Burma was defeated and driven out of Siam, as it was now called. Lanna also became free of Burmese occupation, but the king of a new dynasty was installed in the 1790s was effectively a puppet ruler of the Chakri monarch.
The heirs of Rama I became increasingly concerned with the threat of European colonialism after British victories in neighbouring Burma in 1826. The first Thai recognition of Western power in the region was the Treaty of Amity and Commerce with the United Kingdom in 1826. In 1833, the United States began diplomatic exchanges with Siam, as Thailand was called until 1939, and again between 1945 and 1949. However, it was during the later reigns of King Chulalongkorn, and his father King Mongkut, that Thailand established firm rapprochement with Western powers. It is a widely held view in Thailand that the diplomatic skills of these monarchs, combined with the modernising reforms of the Thai Government, made Siam the only country in South and Southeast Asia to avoid European colonisation. This is reflected in the country''s modern name, Prathet Thai or Thai?land, used unofficially between 1939 and 1945 and officially declared on May 11, 1949, in which prathet means "nation" and thai means "free".
The Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 made the modern border between Siam and British Malaya by securing the Thai authority on the provinces of Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat and Satun, which were previously part of the semi?independent Malay sultanates of Pattani and Kedah. A series of treaties with France fixed the country''s current eastern border with Laos and Cambodia.
[e***] Military rule
Main article: History of Thailand (1932?"1973)
The Siamese coup d''état of 1932 transformed the Government of Thailand from an absolute to a constitutional monarchy. King Prajadhipok initially accepted this change but later surrendered the throne to his ten year old nephew, Ananda Mahidol. Upon his abdication, King Prajadhipok said that the duty of a ruler was to reign for the good of the whole people, not for a select few. King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) died in 1946 under somewhat mysterious circumstances, the official explanation being that he shot himself by accident while cleaning his gun. He was succeeded by his brother Bhumibol Adulyadej, the longest reigning king of Thailand, and very popular with the Thais. Although nominally a constitutional monarchy, Thailand was ruled by a series of military governments, most prominently led by Luang Phibunsongkhram and Sarit Dhanarajata, interspersed with brief periods of democracy.
In early January 1941, Thailand invaded French Indochina, beginning the French-Thai War. The Thais, better equipped and outnumbering the French forces, easily took Laos. The French decisively won the naval Battle of Koh Chang.
The Japanese mediated the conflict, and a general armistice was declared on January 28. On May 9 a peace treaty was signed in Tokyo, with the French being coerced by the Japanese into relinquishing its hold on the disputed territories.
After the end of World War II, Prime Minister Pridi Phanomyong agreed to return the captured territories to France, as a con***ion for admission to the newly created United Nations.
On December 8, 1941, a few hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan demanded the right to move troops across Thailand to the Malayan frontier. Japan invaded the country and engaged the Thai army for six to eight hours before Phibun ordered an armistice. Shortly thereafter Japan was granted free passage, and on December 21, 1941, Thailand and Japan signed a military alliance with a secret protocol wherein Tokyo agreed to help Thailand get back territories lost to the British and French colonial powers and Thailand undertook to assist Japan in her war against the Allies.
After Japan''s defeat in 1945, with the help of a group of Thais known as Seri Thai who were supported by the United States, Thailand was treated as a defeated country by the British and French, although American support mitigated the Allied terms. Thailand was not occupied by the Allies, but it was forced to return the territory it had gained to the British and the French. In the postwar period Thailand enjoyed close relations with the United States, which it saw as a protector from the communist revolutions in neighbouring countries.
Communist guerillas existed in country from early 60''s up to 1987, but never posed a serious threat to the state, but at the peak of movement they counted almost 12,000 full-time fighters[1].
Recently, Thailand also has been an active member in the regional Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), especially after democratic rule was restored in 1992.
Được datvn sửa chữa / chuyển vào 18:39 ngày 24/09/2007

Chất Tri = Chakri

Mặc dù không thừa nhận, nhưng từ lâu, Đức Kim thượng Si - ha - ''bếp'' - núc bằng những hành động tương đối cụ thể đã vái tạ ''ông bạn đồng nghiệp'' Ăn - đủ - lá - đề làm ...sư phụ với ''học phí'' là 6 triệu đô la Mỹ (Vụ phá phách ĐSQ Thái) và toàn bộ cương giới tỉnh Trạt (Trước 1945 còn là một tỉnh của Campuchia).
http://images.google.com.vn/images?hl=vi&q=chakri+king&gbv=2

Người dân tộc Thái - Mường ở Tây Bắc nước ta là anh em ruột thịt với người Thái, xét theo phả hệ thì còn là con cháu bên họ ngoại của vua Hùng (Âu Cơ).

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Có giống nhau, nhưng chắc do khoảng cách địa lý nên có những điểm mang tính địa phưong, kiểu như tiếng Việt ở các vùng miền. Trước đây công chúa Thái Lan có sang, xuống nói chuyện với người Thái bình thường, ko cần phiên dịch