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Ơ hơ, chị nói thế oan cho em. Chị có nhờ em nhắn đâu. Sáng nay em chuẩn bị xong xuôi sắp tung tăng đi học thì mở máy ra mới đọc đc tin mà. Huhu, oan ức!

Hic hic sau khi báo cho cả group, chị thấy số của Hằng bị pending nên phải mes lại bảo Q báo cho H mờ
Thoai, sozi, sozi em bé nhá thành thật sozí
Chúc cả lớp Noel ấm áp

STUDY ABROAD
LISTENING:
Tapescript 1:
( AO= Admission Officer, LC= Li Cha)
AO: Hello, Li Cha, Iõ?Tm Susie Shaw, the Admission Officer.
LC: Hello, pleased to meet you.
AO: Iõ?Td just like to talk to you to find out a little more information to give to your new tutor, Stephen Ennis.
LC: OK.
AO: How old are you, Li Cha?
LC: Iõ?Tm eighteen.
AO: OK. Now your start date is next Monday, thatõ?Ts the 14th of February. And youõ?Tre in class 2B.
LC: Sorry, 2D?
AO: No, 2B. B for Bravo. And do you know when youõ?Tre finishing? October or November?
LC: Iõ?Td like to go home and see my family in November.
AO: Finishing at the end of October then, the 29th. We need a contact number here and one in China, Li Cha. Do you live with your parents?
LC: No, I live with my grandmother and brother, Shao, in Hong Kong. Their telephone number is 8731 4591. And my mobile number here is 0825 701 6924.
AO: Obviously youõ?Tve studied English before. How long have you been studying?
LC: About three years.
AO: Is that all? You must work hard! I thought youõ?Td been studying for at least 5 years. Do you have any other hobbies?
LC: Well, I like playing table tennis. I also spend a lot of time emailing friends. Oh, and I like reading. I read in English sometimes, too.
AO: Great, thatõ?Ts probably why your English is so good. Now, you want to take IELTS, donõ?Tt you? Whyõ?Ts that?
LC: Well, I want to go to the University of Sydney. Iõ?Td like to study IT and computing.
AO: Really? Would you like to get a job in IT in the future?
LC: Yes, Iõ?Td really like to work with computers, there are just so many possibilities.
Tapescript 2:
Hello everyone. Thanks for coming this evening. Iõ?Tve been invited here tonight by the International Studentõ?Ts Society to talk a bit about culture shock. For many of you who have recently arrived from your home countries, life here in New Zealand must seem quite strange and different to you in many ways. Because of my work as an anthropologist, Iõ?Tve had the opportunity to work in quite a number of different countries with quite diverse cultures, so Iõ?Tve had my fair share of culture shock and know exactly how you might be feeling at this time.
Tonight, I want to talk a bit about my own experiences of culture shock and then go on to give you a few hints on how to minimize the effects.
I first left New Zealand when I was only 22 to do some research work on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. I was interested in learning all about the country and the people, but I was particularly fascinated by the architecture.
In the part where I was working, the buildings have beautiful, curved roofs that I had never see before and I loved them!
Life in Indonesia is very different from life in New Zealand, and at first, I found it very difficult to adjust. The worst thing was looking different to everyone else. Iõ?Tm about average height in New Zealand, but in Indonesia, I was much taller than most people, and it made me feel very uncomfortable. One of the best things, though, was the food. A change in diet can be one of the biggest problems of moving to a new country, but for me Indonesia was not difficult from that point of view. Iõ?Tm very keen on spicy food, and there is an Indonesian chicken curry called õ?oRendangõ? that is out of the world!
Climate can be another thing that people find it difficult to adjust to. I found working in Egypt very difficult because of the extreme heat. In contrast, living in Finland was hard because during the winter months the days are so short. Where I was, in the North, it was only light for about 4 or 5 hours a day in December. By the end I was pretty good at cross country skiing, though!
Language is often one of the biggest barriers when youõ?Tre settling into a new country, but Iõ?Tm quite good at learning them and this hasnõ?Tt usually been a problem for me. However, Japan was quite different. I had learnt some spoken Japanese before I went, but I hadnõ?Tt tried to learn to write, so initially, I was a bit nervous about going to a country where I couldnõ?Tt read anything. This did make life a lot more difficult on buses, or menus in restaurants, or even road signs.
Sometimes it can be very small things that youõ?Tre not used to that can make you feel the most homesick. For me, in China, it was connected with eating again. I really love Chinese food, but I found it very difficult to eat with chopsticks. I did learn eventually, but I still prefer a fork! One of the best things about my stay in China, though, was the professor I was working with at the university. He was really enthusiastic about his work, and that made my job very satisfying.
OK, well enough about my experience. Having mentioned some of the problems I faced, I want to look a bit more generally at how you ca adapt to culture shockõ?Ư
Tapescript 3:
õ?Ư so this afternoon weõ?Tve been talking a bit about culture shock ad your experiences of culture shock so far in adjusting to life in this country. Maybe this hasnõ?Tt happened to you and youõ?Tre thinking it wonõ?Tt because youõ?Tre from Europe, or youõ?Tve done a lot of traveling before. But it is important to understand that culture shock can hit you whatever culture you come from and however well traveled you are. Itõ?Ts a perfectly normal experience, if a little worrying when it does happen to you.
There are some things you can do, however, to help yourself get through it. First of all, do keep in touch with home. Aki, on student reception, can help you to buy a phone card to make cheaper calls home, and you can always email friends and family from the Resource Center. If you havenõ?Tt brought any photos of friends and family, get them to send you some, so you can feel at home.
Make sure you eat well- not just crisps and chocolate! And itõ?Ts a good idea if you can eat some familiar food. Other students from your country will probably be able to help you find shops which specialize in food from your country. And you need to exercise, too- not only for your health. And itõ?Ts a good way of meeting people.
Make some new friends. Get to know the other international students, whether from your own country or others. They will understand something of what youõ?Tre feeling and their experience may be able to help you. And, if you can, try to make friends with the local home students. That way you can really learn about this new culture- and they can learn about yours.
Let us help you! Youõ?Tre here at the orientation programme, which is a good start, but we also offer a drop- in centre with a student advisor available daily, and personal counseling. You might not use such a service at home, but remember that you perhaps donõ?Tt have the same support networks of friends and family here, and these services can provide you with some support. The most important thing is to find someone who will listen uncritically and with understanding, rather than isolating yourself!
You need to remember that culture shock is entirely normal and usually unavoidable. Itõ?Ts not a sign that youõ?Tve made a mistake or canõ?Tt manage. In fact, it can be a significant learning experience, making you more aware of aspects of your own culture as well as the new culture. It will give you valuable skills which will be part of the benefit of an international education.

TEST 1
SECTION 1:
Man: Hello, ?oParagliders?T Paradisê?. How can I help you?
Maria: Oh, hi. I?Tm interested in doing a course in paragliding.
Man: Which course are you interested in?
Maria: Well, I?Tm not sure. What?Ts available?
Man: Well, wê?Tve got the introductory course which lasts for two days.
Maria: OK.
Man: Or therê?Ts the 4- day beginners?T course which is what most people do first. I?Td tend to recommend that one. And therê?Ts also the elementary pilot course which takes five to six days depending on con***ions.
Maria: We might try the beginner?Ts course. What sort of prices are we looking at?
Man: The introductory is $190, the beginner?Ts course, which is what you?Td probably be looking at, is $ 320 ?" no, sorry 330 ?" it?Ts just gone up- and the pilot course is $ 430.
Maria: Right.
Man: And you also have to become a member of our club so that you?Tre insured. That?Tll cost you $12 a day. Everyone has to take out insurance, you see.
Maria: Does that cover me if I break a leg?
Man: No, I?Tm afraid not- it?Ts only 3rd party and covers you against damage to other people or their belongings, but not theft or injury. You would need to take out your personal accident insurance.
Maria: I see! And what?Ts the best way to get to your place? By public transport or could we come by bike? Wê?Tve pretty keen cyclists.
Man: It?Ts difficult by public transport although there is a bus from Newscastle, most people get here by car, though, ?~cos wê?Tre a little off the beaten track. But you could ride here OK. I?Tll send you a map. Just let me take down a few details. What?Ts your name?
Maria: Maria Gentle.
Man: And your address, Maria?
Maria: Well, I?Tm a student staying with a family in Newscastle.
Man: So it?Ts care of?
Maria: Care of Mr and Mrs. McDonald.
Man: Like the hamburgers!
Maria: Yes, exactly!
Man: McDonald?
Maria: The post office box address is probably best. It?Ts PO Box 676, Newscastle.
Man: Is there a fax number there, because I could fax you the information?
Maria: Yes, actually, there is. It?Ts 0249 that?Ts for Newscastle and then double seven five four three one.
Man: OK, Now if you decide to do one of our courses, you?Tll need to book in advance to pay when you book. How would you be paying?
Maria: By cre*** card, if that?Ts OK. Do you take Visa?
Man: Yes, fine. We take all major cards, including Visa.
Maria: Ok, then, thanks very much.
Maria: Hi, Pauline.
Pauline: Hi, Maria. What?Ts that you?Tre reading?
Maria: Just some information from a paragliding school ?" it looks really good fun. Do you fancy a go at paragliding?
Pauline: Sure! Do you have to buy lots of equipment and stuff?
Maria: Not really. The school provides the equipment but wê?Td have to take a few things along.
Pauline: Such as?
Maria: Well it says here. Clothes: wear stout boot, so no sneakers or sandals I suppose, and clothes suitable for an active day in the hills, preferably a long- sleeved T- shirt. That?Ts probably in case you land in the stinging nettles! It also says we should bring a packed lunch. We do not recommend soft drinks or flasks of coffee. Water is really the best thing to drink. Wê?Td also need to bring suntan lotion and something to protect your head from the sun!
Pauline: Ok that sounds reasonable! And where would we stay?
Maria: Well look! They seem to operate a campsite, too, because it says here that it?Ts only $10 a day to pitch a tent. That?Td be fine, wouldn?Tt it? And that way wê?Td save quite a bit because even a cheap hotel would cost money.
Pauline: Um.. or perhaps we could stay in bed-and-breakfast nearby. It gives a couple of names here we could ring. I think I might prefer that. Hotels and youth hostels would all be miles away from the farm and I don?Tt fancy a caravan.
Maria: No, I agree. But let?Ts take a tent and pray for good weather.
Pauline: OK- let?Ts do it. What about next weekend?
Maria: No, I can?Tt. I?Tm going on a geography field trip.
Pauline: And then it?Ts the weekend before the exams and I really need to study.
Maria: Ok, then. Let?Ts make it the one after the exams.
Pauline: Fine- wê?Tll need a break by then. Can you ring and?
SECTION 2:
Announcer: The Goodwood Museum is currently celebrating some of the most extravagant types of car design in its festival of speed. Herê?Ts our reporter Vincent Freed, whô?Ts on site, to tell us about some of the cars on display.
Reporter: Well, here Iam, standing in front of one of the most prestigious cars ever built, the Duesenberg, a fantastically expensive, luxurious car built in the early part of the 20th century and bearing all the glamorous qualities of the jazz age. How many were there? Well, only 473 Duesenberg J- types were ever built and the model here is one of the rarest. Each had a short 125 ?"inch chassis or framework and the body was always in the form of a open two- seater.The technology behind the car?Ts 6.9 litre engine was extraordinary. It featured capsules of mercury in the engines to absorb vibration and provide an incredibly smooth ride. In fact, these cars offered unparalleled performancê? in an age when 160 kilometers per hour was considered very fast, the Duesenberg promised a top speed of 180 kilometers per hour and could do 140 kilometres per hour in second gear.
Duesenberg, who designed the car, sold it as a frame and enginê? this was typical of the age again and many prestige manufacturers such as Rolls- Royce did exactly the same. Owners able to afford the hefty $9,000 price tag for the basic car would then commission a coachwork company to build a body tailored to their own individual requirements.
The Dusenberg?Ts great attraction for the driver, was its instrument panel which offered all the usual features but also several others including a stop- watch. It was the Dusenberg?Ts technology that lay behind its success as a racing car and they dominated the American racing scene in the 1920s winning the Indianapolis Grand Prix in 1924, ?T25 and ?T27.
On to another celebrity, the 1922 Leyat Helica. Only 30 of these French propeller cars were built and the model here at Goodwood, which was the fourth to be made, is thought to be the only surviving example still capable of running. The brains behind this car was Marcel Leyat who was an aviation pioneer first and foremost, and the influence of flying is quite apparent in the car. The Leyat very strongly resembles a light aircraft with its front propeller but in this case it?Ts minus any wings of course! It?Ts quite odd to think that this car was whirring through France, just as the Duesenberg was blasting down roads at 160 kilometers per hour across the Atlantic. The Leyats were used regularly in France in the 1920s and were even produced in saloon and van form, as well as two- seater. The Leyat matched its propeller drive with its equally bizarre steering which used the rear rather than the front wheels! But despite looking rather frail, it was a tough machine. In fact, when troops tried to steal it during the Second World War, the car?Ts baffling design was clearly beyond the would- be thieves and it ended up being driven into a tree, breaking the propeller.
And now for the Firebird?
SECTION 3:

Tutor: Good morning, everyone. Well I think we can start straightaway by getting Rosie and Mike to do their presentation. Would you like to start, Rosie?
Rosie: Well, uhm, wê?Tve done a survey to find out how students feel about the entertainment in the town and how much they use it.
Mike: Yes, so wê?Tve called our project ?o Out and About?.
Tutor: Yes, that?Ts a good title! ?oOut and About?
Rosie: We wanted to fid out how well students use the entertainment facilities in town? whether they get to see the latest plays, films.. that kind of thing.
Tutor: Now, we have our own facilities on campus of coursê?
Rosie: Yes, we deliberately omitted those as we really wanted to examine outside entertainment in the town as opposed to on the university campus.
Mike: Actually there were a lot of areas to choose from but in the end we limited ourselves to looking at the three general categories: cinema, theatre and music.
Tutor: Right.
Rosie: OK. Well, first of all cinema. In the town, there are three main places where you can see films. Therê?Ts the new multi- screen cinema complex, the old Park cinema, ad a late- night Odeon.
Mike: So if you look at this chart? in terms of audience size, the multi- screen complex accounts for 75% of all cinema seats the Park Cinema, accounts for 20% of seats and the late- night Odeon has just 5% of seats.
Rosie: As you probably know, the complex and the Park show all the latest films, while the late- night cinema tens to show cut films. So, when we interviewed the students, we thought the complex would be the most popular choice of cinema.. but surprisingly it was the late- night Odeon.
Mike: Yeah, and most students said that if they wanted to see a new film, they waited for it to show at the Park because the complex is more expensive and further out of town so you have to pay more to get there as well.
Tutor: yes, and that adds to the cost, of course, and detracts from the popularity, evidently.
Rosie: Well, next, we looked at theatres. The results here were interesting because, as you know, therê?Ts a theatre on campus, which is popular. But therê?Ts also the Stage Theatre in town, which is very old and architecturally quite beautiful. And therê?Ts the large, modern theatre, the Ashtop, that has recently been built.
Tutor: So you just looked at the two theatres in town?
Mike: Yes. But the thing about the theatres is that therê?Ts a whole variety of seat prices. Also, the types of performance vary?.so students tend to buy seats at both and like using both for different reasons and if they want cheap seats at the Ashstop, they can just sit further from the front.
Rosie: What we did find that was very interesting is that there are periods during the year when students seem to go to the theatre and periods when they go to the cinema and we really think that?Ts to do with budget. If you look at this graph, you can see that therê?Ts a peak around November/ December when they go to the theatre more and then a period in April/ May when neither is particularly popular and then a theatre viewing seems to trail off virtually while the cinema becomes quite popular in June/ July.
Tutor: Mmm. I think you?Tre probably right about your conclusions?
Mike: Well, lastly we looked at music. And this time we were really investigating the sort of small music clubs that offer things like folk or specialize in local bands.
Tutor: So not musical such as?
Mike: That?Ts right.
Rosie: We looked at three small music venues and we examined the quality of the entertainment and venue and gave a ranking for these: a cross meaning that the quality was poor, a tick meaning it was OK and two ticks for excellent. First of all, the Blues Club, which obviously specialises in blues music. This was a pretty small place and the seating was minimal so we didn?Tt give that a very good rating,
Mike: No! We don?Tt recommend that one really.
Rosie: Then the Sansue Which plays a lot of South American music was a big place, very lively, good performers so two ticks for that one. The Pier Hotel is a folk venue.. a good place for local and up- and- coming folk artists to play. Not the best of venues as it?Ts in a basement and a bit dark but the quality of the entertainment was reasonable and the lighting was very warm so we felt it deserved an average rating. Finally, therê?Ts the Baldrock Café?T which features big rock bands and is pretty popular with students and we enjoyed ourselves there as well, so top marks for that one.
Tutor: And then did you get any information from the students as to which of the clubs they preferred?

SECTION 4:
In the last lecture, we looked at the adverse effects of desert dust on global climate. Today wê?Tre going to examine more closely what causes dust storms and what other effects they can have. As you know, dust storms have always been a feature of desert climates, but what we want to focus on today is the extent to which human activity is causing them. And it is this trend that I want to look at, because it has wide- ranging implications.
So ?" what are these human activities? Well, there are two main types that affect the wind erosion process, and thus the frequency of dust storms. There are activities that break up naturally wind- resistant surfaces such as off- road vehicle use and construction and there are those that remove protective vegetation cover from soils, for example, mainly farming and drainage. In many cases the two effects occur stimutaneously which adds to the problem.
Let?Ts look at some real examples and see what I?Tm talking about. Perhaps the best- known example of agricultural impact on desert dust is the creation of the USA?Ts ?odust bowl? in the 1930s. The dramatic rise in the number of dust storms during the latter part of that decade was the result of farmers mismanaging their lad. In fact, choking dust storms became so commonplace that the decade became known as the ?oDirty Thirties?.
Researchers observed a similar, but more prolonged, increase in dustiness in West Africa between the 1960s and the 1980s when the frequency of the storms rose to 80 a year and the dust was so thick that visibility was reduced to 1000 metres. This was a hazard to pilots and road users. In places like Arizona, the most dangerous dust clouds are those generated by dry thunderstorms. Here, this type of storm is so common that the problem inspired officials to develop an alert system to warn people of oncoming thunderstorms. When this dust is deposited it causes all sorts of problems for machine operators. It can pentrate the smallest nooks and crannies and play havoc with the way things operate because most of the dust is made up of quartz which is very hard.
Another example- the concentration of dust originating from the Sahara has risen steadily since the mid- 1960s. This increase in wind erosion has coincided with a prolonged drought, which has gripped the Saharâ?Ts southern fringe. Drought is commonly associated with an increase in dust ?" raising activity but it?Ts actually caused by low rainfall which results in vegetation dying off.
One of the foremost examples of modern human- induced environmental degradation is the drying up of the Aral Sea in Central Asia. Its ecological demise dates from the 1950s when intensive irrigation began in the then Central Asian republics of the USSR. This produced a dramatic decline in the volume of water entering the sea from its two major tributaries. In 1960, the Aral Sea was the fourth- largest lake in the world, but since that time it has lost two- thirds of its volume, its surface area has halved and its water level has dropped by more than 216 metres. A knock- on effect of this ecological disaster has been the release of significant new sources of wind- blown material, as the water level has dropped.
And the problems don?Tt stop there. The salinity of the lake has increased so that it is now virtually the same as sea water. This means that the material is blown from the dry bed of the Aral Sea is highly saline. Scientists believe it is adversely affecting crops around the sea because salts are toxic to plants.
This shows that dust storms have numerous consequences beyond their effects on climate, both for the workings of environmental systems and for people living in drylands?

Sis ơi em bị ốm trề trệt từ sáng T7, hôm qua thì đi thi vấn đáp đến 7h tối mới về---->ko đi học đc
3 buổi vừa rồi lớp mình học những gì a? T7 này lớp mình vẫn học bình thường chứ ạ? T7 này em phải nhờ sis summarize lại 3 buổi vừa rồi mới đc, hix!

hom nay hoc nhom ghe gom wa. hon 12 gio moi duoc ve. ve den nha doi meo bung

Thế tình hình học nhóm học đc những cái gì?

chuc lop minh nam moi gat hai duoc nhieu thanh cong!
mss oi bao gio bat dau hoc vay

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