Part 2: SIDECAR story

Chapter 3
BASIC DRIVING SKILLS
THE OPERATOR, MENTAL ATTITUDE
It is important to understand that motorcycles can be dangerous. Any operator of a motorcycle, whether a two-wheeler or a sidecar combination, is exposed to potential risk. While it is not possible to remove all the risks from operating a sidecar outfit, it is possible to reduce the risks by adopting a conservative mental attitude, developing proficient sidecar handling skills and wearing protective riding gear.
One key to accident avoidance is being constantly alert to what''''s happening on the roadway ahead. Risk reduction starts by thinking of sidecar combinations as serious vehicles requiring knowledge and skill, even if the outfit is only ridden occasionally around the neighborhood. Experienced riders make a habit of constantly searching the road for potential hazards and taking steps to avoid problems before they get too close to take evasive action.
Staying alert to road con***ions requires clear thought, so the wise rider avoids drugs that would effect vision, hearing or judgment. Alcohol is commonly implicated in fatal motorcycle accidents. It is very important to avoid drinking before or during a ride. It is also important to avoid riding after taking any drugs that cause disorientation or drowsiness.
Even when a sidecarist does everything right, there is still the potential for an accident. A motorist may not expect a motorcycle or may refuse to yield right-of-way. A sidecarist may be riding at a sensible speed for traffic and yet overturn the outfit in a corner that is banked the wrong way. A deer could leap onto the roadway or rocks might tumble off a gravel truck.
RIDING GEAR
BOOTS
GLOVES
HELMETS
EYE PROTECTION
RAINGEAR
Được imz650 sửa chữa / chuyển vào 15:34 ngày 06/07/2007

GETTING ON THE MOTORCYCLE
The normal way to climb on a sidecar motorcycle is to grasp both handlebar grips, stand up on the left footpeg and swing the right leg over the saddle. It is also a good habit to squeeze the front brake lever while getting on or off, to prevent the machine from rolling if the transmission is not in gear. After sitting down in the saddle, the smart rider immediately checks the mirrors and adjusts them as needed to be able to see the left rear as well as the right rear behind the sidecar.
STARTING THE ENGINE
To prepare for starting, the key is inserted and the main switch turned on from the first (off)position to the center position. The third position is inactive on North American >URALs. The switch is on when the red generator light comes on. The transmission must be in neutral for starting. Observe the green neutral light on and check that the reverse lever is also in neutral (forward position).
If necessary, shift the transmission into neutral by shifting up to second gear and then nudging the lever halfway down. It may help to roll the outfit forward and back a few inches to allow the transmission to shift. If your >URAL is reluctant to shift into neutral, try shifting down into first gear, then simultaneously stepping on the heel pad while shifting the reverse lever into reverse. Shifting the reverse lever forward again places the transmission in neutral and ready for starting.
Turn on the fuel valve. If the engine hasn''t been run for more than an hour or if the weather is cool, close the air shutter to enrich the fuel mixture for starting. If the engine is warm, close the air shutter about halfway. If the temperature is very cold, close the air shutter and also depress both carburetor chokes.
With the transmission in neutral, the main switch on and the fuel valve on, the engine is almost set to start. Turn the handlebar cutoff switch to the run position and spin the engine by pushing the kick-start lever briskly. It is necessary to leave the clutch released, to allow the kick-start gears to spin the engine. The normal position for starting the >URAL engine is standing on the rear footpeg on your right foot and pushing the start lever down with your left foot.
When the engine fires and starts to run, roll on just enough throttle to keep it running but don''t rev it over about 2,000 rpm. Immediately open the air shutter more and open the carburetor choke levers if they were used. Let the engine run at a fast idle for a few moments, opening the air shutter all the way as the engine warms up. With familiarity you will learn how much shutter, choke and throttle works best when starting in various temperatures. Swing into the saddle and you are ready to ride away.
RIDING POSTURE
Sit straight in the saddle, with your head and eyes up. Pull your knees in snug against the fuel tank and pull your elbows in close to your jacket. Left fingers cover the clutch lever. ("Cover" means in a position to use the control, but not yet squeezing or pushing.) Your left foot should be on the footpeg, covering the shift lever. Your right foot should be on the footpeg, covering the rear brake pedal. With a sidecar outfit, you don''t need *****pport the machine with your feet while stopped, so you keep your feet on the pegs.
CLUTCH SLIPPING
To get the outfit rolling from a stop, it is necessary to let the clutch slip for a few feet as the engine starts to pull. Hold the front brake on, squeeze the clutch lever all the way in and shift down into first gear. Release the brake, roll on the throttle slightly and slowly ease out the clutch lever to the point where the engine begins to pull the outfit forward. Keep the clutch squeezed slightly, gradually roll on a little more throttle and then ease out the clutch all the way as the rig begins to move. If the engine stalls, you need to ease out the clutch more gently and roll on a little more throttle.
TURNING TECHNIQUE
When you need to turn, reduce speed by rolling off the throttle. Turn your head, look in the direction you want to go and point the front wheel towards the turn. If you have no prior motorcycle experience, making turns will be intuitively obvious.
Special note for experienced motorcyclists:
If you are an experienced two-wheeled motorcyclist, steering a three-wheeler may be difficult at first. Remember that two-wheelers are balanced and steered by "countersteering". That is, to initiate a left turn, the rider of a two-wheeler first leans the bike over by pushing on the left grip. But rigid three wheelers don''t lean into turns, so the habit of countersteering or "push steering" turns a sidecar outfit the wrong way. So long as all three wheels remain in contact with the ground, the front wheel of a sidecar outfit is immediately pointed towards the direction you want to go. To put this another way, two-wheelers steer backwards from sidecar rigs. You may need to unlearn some two-wheeler habits.
Since sidecar outfits are not symmetrical, the technique for left turns is somewhat different from right turns. The outfit won''t lean into the turn like a "solo" bike, but instead rolls slightly towards the outside of the turn like an automobile. The sidecar driver compensates by leaning body weight towards the turn and by applying extra force to the handlebars.
Sidecar outfits with single-wheel-drive tend to veer towards the right when speeding up and veer left when slowing down, because the driving and braking forces are not centered on the rig. The driver must compensate for this veering or "yawing" tendency by adjusting pressure on the handlebars to keep the machine pointed in the right direction. Outfits with dual wheel drive, such as the >URAL Sportsman, have less tendency to veer, because the driving force is divided between the rear wheel and sidecar wheel.
Được imz650 sửa chữa / chuyển vào 15:36 ngày 06/07/2007

Chapter 3 (Part 2)
SHIFTING
As you increase speed, the engine turns faster. It is necessary to shift to higher gears to keep the engine from over-revving. To shift gears, roll off the throttle, simultaneously squeeze the clutch lever and step down firmly on the heel pad. Ease out the clutch lever, adjust the throttle and release pressure on the heel pad. The transmission shifts up or down one gear at a time.
When you are slowing down, it is necessary to shift to lower gears to keep the engine from lugging and stalling. Roll off the throttle, squeeze the clutch lever and step down firmly on the toe of the shift lever. Roll on the throttle slightly as you ease out the clutch lever, then release pressure on the shift lever. If you are planning to come to a complete stop, just keep the clutch squeezed and downshift through all the gears one after the other as the machine slows down. It is better to shift all the way down to first gear or neutral before the machine comes to a stop, so that the transmission gears are still turning while being shifted.
With experience, you will soon learn to match engine speed to transmission gear so that the engine is always in the right RPM range; never over-revving or lugging. Experienced riders "blip" the throttle when downshifting to match engine revs to bike speed to smooth the shift. It is normal to hear a "clunk" as the transmission shifts from one gear to the next.
To back up, stop, in either low gear or neutral and continue to squeeze the clutch. Reach down and push the reverse lever back with your right hand or right heel. As you ease out the clutch the outfit will go backwards. WARNING: Back up very slowly as the outfit can become unstable at excessive speeds. Pull the lever forward again to put the transmission in neutral.

STOPPING
Roll off the throttle, squeeze the clutch lever and apply both brakes. Continue to keep your head up and look forward to where you want to stop. Remember to downshift through all the gears before the machine comes to a stop. Keep both of your feet on the pegs when stopped.

PARKING THE OUTFIT
Stop the engine with the cutoff switch and wait for it to stop. Release the clutch lever and then turn off the main switch. If the outfit won''t be run for more than a few minutes, also shut off the fuel valve.
When parking a sidecar outfit, it is important to keep it from rolling away. As a general rule, always park with the transmission in either first gear or reverse. The easiest way to be sure the transmission is in gear is to try rolling the outfit forward and back with the clutch released. If it is in gear, it will only roll an inch or two. The >URAL also has a parking brake. It is the triangular knob located above the right foot peg behind the reverse lever. Push down on the rear brake pedal, then push down the knob and turn it counterclockwise 90 degrees to lock the brake. It is important to engage the parking brake whenever parking on hills.

SUGGESTIONS FOR RIDING PRACTICE
Now that we have gained some familiarity with motorcycle controls, it''s time to practice some exercises on the outfit. The following riding exercises are designed to build sidecar operating skills progressively, assuming no prior motorcycle or sidecar experience. Even if you already know how to ride a motorcycle, you are encouraged to go through each sidecar exercise, however briefly. If you are a novice motorcyclist, take the time to master each exercise before moving on to the next. If you have difficulty with any subsequent exercise, go back and practice the previous exercise some more.
If at all possible, you are advised to practice riding under supervision of an instructor or at least an experienced sidecarist. For the driving practice exercises you will need a flat area of approximately 100 x 200 feet, clear of obstructions. The range layout is diagrammed in the back of this manual. A smooth paved parking lot free of curbs, poles or other vehicles is ideal. Any level surface is acceptable, including a grassy field. It helps to have some small traffic cones or other markers to lay out the exercises. Brightly-colored tennis balls cut in half make excellent markers. Whatever you use to mark the exercises, we will refer to all course markers as "cones".
Be aware that the exercises quickly progress in skill and speed. It is possible for you to make a mistake during the process of learning and have an accident. You are encouraged to wear the recommended riding gear whenever driving the outfit, even during slow speed exercises.

Chapter 3 - Exercises
Exercise 1
FAMILIARIZING YOURSELF WITH THE OUTFIT
Exercise 2
MOVING THE OUTFIT (engine off)
Exercise 3
STARTING AND STOPPING THE ENGINE
Exercise 4
LEARNING TO USE THE CLUTCH IN FORWARD AND REVERSE
Exercise 5
DIRECT STEERING
Exercise 6
WEAVING BETWEEN CONES L & R
Exercise 7
STEERING AND SHIFTING BODY WEIGHT
Exercise 8
STOPPING WITH BOTH BRAKES
(straight line)
Exercise 9
STOPPING ON A CURVE
(with braking cones at ends)
Exercise 10
SHIFTING IN STRAIGHT LINE
(left oval with shift cones)
Exercise 11
TURNING, BRAKING AND SHIFTING
Mười một bài luyện tập các bác nhé. Luyện xong 11 bài này là các bác tham gia giao thông được.

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