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  1. bluetears84

    bluetears84 Thành viên mới

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    tất tật chuyện của 1 người!( Người lạ miễn vào)

    bực cả mình!
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    source http://www.executiveplanet.com/business-culture-in/132447483933.html

    Appointment Alert! - Part 1
    Making appointments



    Appointments should be scheduled as far in advance as possible. Mentioning that you''ll be coming from overseas and have only a limited time to spend in the country can be useful.


    As a general rule, South Africans are reluctant to deal with anyone they haven''t met in person. Business is about friends and colleagues--not solely work-related matters. A South African would rather do mediocre business with a friend than superb business with a stranger. Establishing a strong personal rapport involves trust, and trust will move a deal along much more quickly than offering cash incentives.


    Any initial request for a face to face meeting should include as much specific information as possible related to your company, your own qualifications, those of colleagues who''ll be attending the meeting, and an outline of your proposal. Experience in dealing with the developing world is considered an asset, as are any references from other companies you''ve dealt with or press clippings that help legitimize your organization''s international or domestic standing.


    Schedule plenty of time between appointments. And it''s important to leave a local contact number with those you''re planning to see, so that you can be reached should there be time changes or cancellations. Always call a day in advance or even the same day to reconfirm.


    Letters of introduction, assuming it comes from someone well known to the person you intend to do business with, will carry more weight here than in most other countries.


    Because the business community is so incestuous--and elitist to a certain extent--using an intermediary to handle introductions isn''t a particularly useful approach, at least in the white community.


    Foreigners should consider contacting chambers of commerce, consulate commercial services, trade commissions or embassies in their native countries for establishing initial contacts.


    When scheduling appointments from abroad, do so a month or two in advance, if possible, and avoid summer. Moreover, practically everything shuts down between mid-December through mid-January. Also avoid the week before Easter, and, to a lesser extent, major Jewish holidays, since Johannesburg has a sizeable Jewish community.


    If driving to a meeting yourself, allow for plenty of time to reach your destination. The address system, especially in the suburbs, seems to follow an illogical pattern, and many times the addresses cannot be seen from the street. In the city, finding secure parking can be practically impossible.


    There are definite differences in the approach to time between white and black cultures in South Africa. Whites tend to be less casual than their black counterparts. Still, compared to the rest of Africa and owing to the high degree of international contact that South Africans businesses have, the concept of time is decidedly Western.
    Appointment Alert! - Part 2
    Making appointments



    Expect to be kept waiting five out of ten times for formal appointments at any level. Last minute cancellations are routine, especially now that mobile telephones are in use. Visitors can often judge their importance by the amount of time they''re kept waiting before a scheduled meeting. The longer the wait, the lower you are in the scheme of things.


    The bigger the company and the more formal the structure, the more likely it is that meetings will begin and end on time. Regardless, make the effort to arrive on time.


    At smaller companies, especially black-owned ones, the approach to time is highly casual. Showing impatience is not recommended. Instead, ask if it would be better to reschedule for another day--it could save you hours of waiting time. An executive may be unable to show up for an 11:00 a.m. appointment until 3:00 p.m., but you won''t be told this unless you ask.


    Two common expressions you will hear are ''I will do it now-now'' and ''I will do it just now.'' ''I will do it now-now'' means that the task is of high priority'' i.e., A.S.A.P. or Rush. ''I will do it just now'' means that the task is of low priority and will be accomplished sometime in the future.


    An ultimatum should be used only as a last resort. If it fails to draw an immediate, genuine reaction, walk away--the deal is over.


    Developing a personal relationship with the secretary can be a key for obtaining a second meeting. Secretaries have tremendous power over their bosses'' meeting schedules.


    Generally, offices and stores are open Monday through Friday from 8:00 or 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. with 30 minutes to an hour for lunch.


    Late-night shopping is rare, even in major urban areas.


    For the most part, South Africans do not work over the weekend.


    Banks and government offices are generally open between 9:00 a.m. and 3:30 p.m. Many banks and stores are open on Saturdays, but only until 11: 00 a.m.


    Formerly, very strict ''blue laws'' prohibited movie theatres and stores to be open on Sundays. Even major sporting events were banned. Although these laws have been abolished, Sunday shopping is still a rarity.


    When any holiday falls on a Sunday, the holiday is observed on the following Monday. Jewish holidays are observed on an individual basis with many companies permitting staff time off for religious purposes. Muslim holidays, including the fasting month of Ramadan, are also recognized on an individual basis. There is a relatively large Muslim population on the coastal regions.
    Business Dress
    Guidelines for business dress



    Refrain from wearing native costume. Not only will you be perceived as silly, you will make yourself an easy target for a mugging.


    Reserve the safari suit and bush hat for your visit to the game park. Nevertheless, even there, wearing that outfit will mark you as a tourist.


    Conservative--preferably tropical weight suits--are the best options. For men, a white or light-coloured dress shirt and a tie are standard. Long sleeved shirts are preferred.


    Short sleeves are appropriate only for after-work casual meetings.


    When dining out or in someone''s home, men should wear a jacket and tie.


    For women, skirts and dresses are the norm, although this is changing slowly. Scarves are popular accessories.


    In rural communities, women should avoid wearing sleeveless, low-cut, or otherwise revealing clothing selections.


    Winter falls between June and August and central heating in homes is rare. Ensure that you bring a sweater.


    Sneakers are acceptable only in the gym or on the tennis court.


    For casual shoes, you may want to purchase a pair of ''veld skoene'' [Hush-Puppy-like soft safari boots]. Everybody in South Africa wears them.
    Conversation
    Welcome topics of conversation



    Most South Africans are bilingual, and speak English and Afrikaans [of Dutch origin]. White South Africans are generally able to converse in both English and Afrikaans. Black South Africans, especially those with some elementary education, will speak their own native tongue and have a working knowledge of Afrikaans and English.


    Local politics--especially the evolving racial and social policies--will be open to discussion. Moreover, you are likely to find that your companions will be divided on this subject.


    South Africans are extremely candid about race. The concept of ''political correctness'' in regard to racial matters has yet to arrive. It really is acceptable to talk about this subject and ask questions, but avoid imposing your views.


    A common interest in sports can go a long way in solidifying the personal side of a business relationship. Casually mentioning that you''d love to see a cricket match or rugby game might just get you an invitation to one. This is because, generally, South Africans love to explain the intricacies of their national sports.


    Discussions should be conducted in a cordial manner and in quiet voices. A raised voice will be interpreted as an insult. Moreover, increasing the volume runs the risk of getting you branded as a pushy foreigner more concerned about the ''bottom line'' than the personal side of a business relationship.


    To demonstrate that you are listening, it will be in your best interests to nod in agreement and to occasionally agree verbally as well.


    Generally, South Africans are talkative and bubbly. If there is a rare period of silence in the course of a conversation, it is a sign that the situation has become awkward or there is something else that is seriously wrong.


    Sports talk is an effective way to personalize business. Make the effort to learn about the country''s accomplishments in golf, rugby, and cricket.


    Don''t initiate or participate in racist or ***ist conversations.


    By nature, South Africans are a warm, friendly people and conversations can get personal after relatively brief period of time. Generally, your companions will take a genuine interest in the way of life in your home country and what you think of South Africa.


    South Africans like to be physical when talking. You''ll experience a lot of handshaking and backslapping. Moreover, hand-holding is a sign of friendship.


    Be prepared to hear plenty of sports analogies. In this sports-obsessed country, it seems that every business situation can be compared to a game of soccer, cricket, or rugby.


    Many Africans will speak English with a heavy accent, as well as in a fast rhythm. It''s important that you pay close attention. Constantly asking people to repeat themselves will eventually be deemed insulting. And avoid replying in anything but your normal tone, volume, and pace. Speaking too slowly will also insult your listener, who may deem this to be patronizing.


    Generally, South Africans don''t like to admit that they don''t know an answer. A lot of this tendency has to do with the tra***ion of hospitality and the desire not to disappoint. Usually, the correct information will be forwarded to you, somehow, during subsequent contacts.


    Interrupting a speaker in mid sentence to make a point will invite reprimands or at least a disapproving stare.


    The amount of hand movements a South African uses while talking is a good indicator of the degree of interest that individual has for a particular topic or proposal.
    First Name or Title?
    Addressing others with respect



    English speaking white South Africans frequently have double-barrelled hyphenated last names like Rutherford-Thornton. In formal correspondence, they''ll often use initials followed by their surname--i.e., H.K. Rutherford-Thornton.


    Afrikaans family names are slightly more complicated and frequently include a lower-case prefix, e.g., Jan van der Merwe.


    It''s frequently easy to identify an African''s ethnic or tribal origin by his or her surname. Most Africans will have several given names, which may include an English or Afrikaans name, a biblical name, plus another from his or her ethnic group. Nevertheless, for business purposes, they''re usually shortened to a given name and a surname.


    For the most part, titles such as ''Doctor'' are not used in business or academic circles, though some businessmen with honorary doctorates will insist on being addressed in this way.


    Avoid using the term ''Miss'' or the Afrikaans equivalent ''mejuffrou'' in business conversations. When in doubt as to a female''s marital status, leave these terms out, as they may cause offense.

    Gift Giving
    Selecting and presenting an appropriate business gift



    After you have developed a business relationship, a small yet thoughtful gift for your business associates or their families will be greatly appreciated. Personalized gifts are the best. For example, a high quality pen, desk accessory, or a dozen golf balls with the recipient''s name and company logo printed on them will be much appreciated.


    Always arrive at a dinner party with a gift. Lavish gifts aren''t expected, but flowers, chocolates, or a good bottle of wine will be appreciated.


    Frequently, larger organizations will offer to send a driver to your hotel to pick you up, or to take you back afterward. When possible, sit in the back seat. Tipping isn''t required, but a gift, such as a company pen, would be a thoughtful gesture.

    Let''s Make a Deal! - Part 1
    What you should know before negotiating



    Any hint of ignorance about the domestic or regional political scene will almost surely disqualify you from doing business in this country.


    South Africa, the industrial center of Africa, is a key producer of minerals including diamonds, gold, silver, and copper.


    Most South Africans are bilingual, and speak English and Afrikaans [of Dutch origin]. White South Africans are generally able to converse in both English and Afrikaans. Black South Africans, especially those with some elementary education, will speak their own native tongue and have a working knowledge of Afrikaans and English.


    There are very strict conventions and social rules in South Africa regarding race and colour. The best policy is to follow the lead of your host in regard to these matters.


    Now that Apartheid is gone, the new South Africa is emerging as one of the most multicultural nations on earth. The country is composed of British, Afrikaans, Malay, Indian, Zulu, Xhosa, and other black tribes.


    Unlike the United States, South Africa is not a ''melting pot'', but rather a society composed of various communities and races that remain separate yet integral forces in seeking a new union aspiring to lead and repair the country.


    The variety of the cultures in South Africa has created a number of problems. For example, friction exists among the black tribes. Moreover, past warfare between the British and Afrikaans settlers is too recent to forget and has resulted in feelings of resentment between the two groups.


    Generally, English speaking South Africans tend to be reserved, proud of their cultural heritage, demonstrate good manners, elegant, expressive speech, and avoidance of unnecessary conflict. In contrast, Afrikaners, like their Dutch ancestors, are generally blunt --often to the point of being tactless--and have the American tendency to ''tell it like it is.''


    Although the years of racial suppression and injustice cannot be overlooked or excused, there is in fact far less colour consciousness in South Africa than in many other parts of the world.


    The pace of business is relatively slow. Being overly aggressive about deadlines or the pace of decision-making will be counterproductive.


    Exchanging business cards is normally done at the start of a meeting.


    Always wait to be asked to sit down. Once seated, expect to be asked a couple of times if you want coffee or tea. It''s a good idea to accept, as this provides a break in the formality and allows for the start of some preliminary ''small talk.''


    As a general rule, South African businesspeople aren''t easily impressed with slide presentations or overhead projectors. The first meeting is about establishing personal rapport and deciding if you''re a person they can trust. Once this judgement is made, the other details can be dealt with. It would be a mistake to expect any instant decisions or deals.


    Keep your presentation short, to the point, and filled with specific ideas related to the special circumstances of doing business in South Africa. Sometimes, the logistics and financing of the deal are more important to South Africans than the actual product or service that you are trying to sell.
  2. bluetears84

    bluetears84 Thành viên mới

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  3. kakalot

    kakalot Thành viên rất tích cực

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