TOEFL - Section 2 - Giúp sửa lỗi.

Chỉ là hiểu sai khái niệm thôi. Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh đôi khi cũng rắc rối lắm.

Thôi thế thì giải thích cái ngữ pháp cho bạn xungdanhanhhung vậy
Cấu trúc của loại câu này (chả nhớ tên nó là gì) là
[Subject] that (who, what, where) [verb+object] [Verb] [Object]
VD:
The man who stands over there is my father
The book that is displayed on the shelf is very expensive
Các câu này có thể đổi bằng cách bỏ đại từ that/who/what/where đi và chuyển verb ở mệnh đề phụ thành gerund (-ing)
The man standing over there is my father
Riêng trường hợp mệnh đề phụ là dạng bị động thì không đổi thành gerund mà chỉ bỏ to be đi
The book displayed on the shelf is very expensive
Như ở trong câu trên thì phải là
Drinking water that contains
hoặc
Drinking water containing
Được bucky_badger sửa chữa / chuyển vào 05:19 ngày 07/10/2005

Mình nghĩ cái này chuyển thành relative vì relatively là trạng từ, ko thể đi với to be.

Đây là dạng câu có mệnh đề tính từ. Còn phía dưới như bạn bucky_badger nói là dạng giản lược của nó. Tiện đây, mình cũng xin hỏi vài câu đang thắc mắc. Xin các bạn giải đáp giùm.
1. Some maple trees are raised for their sap, which has a high sugar content for yields sugar and syrup.
2. Ponds are noted for their rich and varied types of plant and animal life, all maintain in a delicate ecological balance.
3. Long before boats became important in recreation, they were valuable to people for many essential tasks, included transportation and fishing.
4. Most sand dunes always in motion as wind pushes sand upward one side of each dune, over the top, and down the other side.
Moi người làm rồi giải thích tại sao hộ mình với nhé.
Thanks in advance.
Được nicedaywithyou sửa chữa / chuyển vào 00:41 ngày 15/10/2005

Không ai reply cho tôi vậy, híc

Không ai reply nữa à?
Híc híc

Đã thấy là không rồi sao còn hỏi

Cám ơn bạn đã trả lời cho tôi. Mãi mới có người reply, sướng ghê.
Tôi đã tìm thấy đáp án của đề này ở trên mạng: đề 97/07
1. Some maple trees are raised for their sap, which has a high sugar content for yields sugar and syrup.
Sai ở "RAISED". Người ta PLANT cây chứ chẳng đời nào lại RAISE cây cả. Người ta chỉ RAISE con vật như porcupine, chó, mèo, lợn, ếch ộp, rắn, cóc nhái, etc. mà thôi
Người ta vẫn dùng Raised với các loài cây mà.
Tớ tìm trên mạng thấy đáp án câu này là D: for--->and
2. Ponds are noted for their rich and varied types of plant and animal life, all maintain in a delicate ecological balance.
Sai ở MAINTAIN, phải sửa lại thành MAINTAINED thì mới đúng được
Đúng
3. Long before boats became important in recreation, they were valuable to people for many essential tasks, included transportation and fishing.
Sai ở INCLUDED, phải đổi thành INCLUDING
Đúng nốt
4. Most sand dunes always in motion as wind pushes sand upward one side of each dune, over the top,and down the other side.
Xin lỗi, câu này đúng là mình chép thiếu... một chút . Thiếu động từ, híc, (thế mà có một chút....)
Most sand dunes are always in motion as wind pushes sand upward one side of each dune, over the top,and down the other side.
Câu này được sửa như sau: upward--->up thôi.
Được nicedaywithyou sửa chữa / chuyển vào 01:01 ngày 19/10/2005

Mình chuẩn bị thi TOEFL ngày 19/11 gấp lắm rồi mấy bạn ơi, giúp mình với , hu hu hu .....
1. Slow growth in the early 1900?Ts, linked with rising unemployment, less spend, and meager business investments , led many experts to declare a recession *
2. Penicillin acts both (killing bacteria and their growth being inhibited/ and to kill bacteria and to inhibit their growth/ by killing bacteria and by inhibiting their growth/ kills bacteria and inhibits their growth) *
3. The superintendent of women nurse for the Union Army during the Civil War was Dorothea Dix
4. Following the guidelines for speaking and voting established by the book Robert?Ts Rules of Order (and avoid large decision-making organizations procedural confusion/ large decision-making organizations avoid procedural confusion/ is procedural confusion avoided by large decision-making organizations/ are avoiding procedural confusion in large decision-making organizations) during meetings.
5. Indigo is a vat color, (which it/ it is/ but / so) called because it does not dissolve in water.
6. Government money appropriated for art in the 1930?Ts made possible hundreds of murals and statues still admiration in small towns all over the United States
7. Beginning in the Middle Ages, composers of Western music used a system of notating their compositions (will/ that/ and when to/ so they could) be performed by musicians. *
8. Comparative anatomy is concerned to the structural differences among animal forms.
9. Erin Billy won the Lucise Prize of poetry in 1991 for the poem Crashing Alone. *
10. What is known as the Homestead Act of 1862 granted those who ventured westward(to receive needed and desired land/ the land they both needed and desired/needing and desiring land/where they most needed and desired land)
11. Bill Clinton received his [former] education [at] Georgetown and Yale Universities, from the latter [of which] he received a degree [in law].
12. [Businesses] are responsible [to] the Internal Revenue Service [to keep] accurate [financial] records.
13. The Procrastinators Club of America, founded in 1956, has (members/ a membership of/ members of/ the membership) some 10,000. *
14. Mosquitoes are [easily] [found] wherever there is [standing] water and [temperate] climate. *
15. The varying orbit of Pluto means that ambient temperatures also vary greatly *
16. Along northernmost edge of the United States runs the US/Canada border.
17. Only after losing its skin does snake begin to grow another. *
18. The formation of a rainbow [occurs] a process in which light is diffused at [varying] rates by the surrounding atmosphere, [resulting in] the reflection of different [wavelengths] of light *
19. Lucid dreaming, the ability dreamers to become aware of and to control their dreams while dreaming, is the focus of some current psychological research
20. Most animals have nervous systems, sense organs, and specialized modes of locomotion, and are capable of securing ingesting, and to digest food*
21. The first city in the United States that put into effect major plan for the clustering of government buildings was Washington*
22. The orbit of a celestial body is usually in the shape of ellipse
23. All eels spawn in the sea, the eggs hatching into transparent, ribbonlike larvae (that drift about/ drift about/about drifting/drift about them), feeding until they metamorphose into small eels*
24. While infancy, the period from birth until the age of two, A child grows to approximately half of his or her adult height *
25.
26. Jupiter is a gasesous planet with an atmosphere composed most of hydrogen and helium *
27. Rafting was an essential mean of transportation from prehistoric times to the nineteenth century *
28. The actor James Earl Jones gained Broadway stardom in ?oThe Great White hope? for his powerful portrayal of prizefighter*
29. During early nineteenth-century Boston, the architect Charles Bulfinch, eager to make the city beautiful, sometimes proved free plans for people building homes *
30. In pools, goldfish are not just ornamental: since they feed on mosquito larva they are also benefit *
31. The eight stripes of red, white, and blue on state flag of Hawaii represent Hawaii?Ts eight major islands
32. In bas-relief sculpture, a design projects very slightly from its background, (as / because/the way that/ similarly) some corns
33. Most authorities consider both dreaming while sleep and daydreaming to be forms of fantasy.
34. The work which the poet Emma Lazarous is best known is ?oThe New Colossus?, Which is inscribed on the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty
35. Although they feflect a strong social conscience , Arthur Miller?Ts stage works are typical more concerned with individuals than with systems
36. in the New England colonies, Chippendale designs were adapted to locally tastes, and beautiful furniture resulted
37. Of the many machines invented in the late nineteenth century, none had a great impact on the Unitd States economy than the automobile
38. Dwelling primarily in the ice northern polar seas, beluga whales are characteristically small, white, agile, and elusive
39. Ozone is an unstable faintly bluish gas that is the most chemical active form of oxygen
40. The development of professional sports in the United States dates back to nineteenth century
41. Most countries depend to few extent on cereal imports to augment their own crops
42. Edwin Franko Goldman was the first bandmaster to encourage leading contemporary compositions to write original works for a band.
43. Surveys show that the majority of passengers are pleasing that an agreement has been reached to forbid smoking on commercial flights within the continental United States
44. Snakes are capable of graceful motion throughout the entire long of their rubbery bodies
45. The sea chantey, a typre of folk music, not only described the pleasures of stations?T lives ashore, also but the harsh con***ions of life aboard ship
46. Electric motors range in size from the tiny mechanisms that operate sewing machine to the great engines in heavy locomotives.
47. Light rays what enter the eye must be focused onto a point on the retina in order for a clear visual image to form
48. certain species of penicillin mold are used to ripe cheese
49. Transfer taxed are imposed on the sell or exchange of stocks and bonds*
50. The main divisions of geologic time, called eras, are subdivided in periods
51. Near equator, the slant of the sun?Ts rays is never great enough to cause temperatures to fall below the freezing point.
52. Although the social sciences different a great deal from one another they share a common interest in human relationships
53. Vancouver, British Columbia, has a temperate climate for a city situated (as/so/very/by) far north
54. Although (sheep adopted well/well-adapted sheep/sheep, well adapted to/sheep are well adapted to) cold climates, they can thrive in hot, dry climates as*
55. Viscosity is a measurement describing the relative difficulty or easy with which she lived
56. in the architecture, a capital is the top portion of a column
57. Today successful farmers are experts not only in agriculture, but also in market, finance, and accounting.
58. Piedmont glaciers are formed (by/when/from/that) several valley glaciers join and spread out over a plain
59. sheep have been domesticated for over 5000 years ago The works of early American woodcarvers had many artistic qualities, but these craftsmen probably did not think of them as artists.
60. As Ingrid Bergman lived a life of courage, she also approached die with courage
61. in quebec, Canada, the flowing of the maple sap is one of the first sign of spring
62. The change from day to night results the rotation of the Earth
63. So far there is no vaccine (or curing/has cured/ or cure/ having cured) in sight for the common cold
64. globes and maps have been important throughout history, but never many so than today.
65. Since vitamins are contained in a wide variety of foods, people seldom lack of most of them.
66. In the last 10 years, Mexican government has reduced the number of its state-owned companies to about half.
67. A farmer?Ts tractor is like a powerful horse, as it plows field, pulls trailers, and moves heavy loads
68. The Commitments of Traders Report is released by the Commo***y Futures trading Commission on eleventh day of each month
69. A future system of solid waste managements should begin with reduction in the amount of waste
70. Fireflies product light through a complex chemical reaction that takes place within their abdominal cells
71. The Columbine flower can survive in almost any type of gardens con***ion in the US
72. The incidence of which is now referred to as cryovolcanism, or ice volcanoes, is quite high on the surface of Triton, one of the moons of Neptune
73. By careful seeding, weathermakers can encourage two small clouds to merge into one big cloud (so/these/which/and) produce a powerful thunderstorm
74. The writing of Elizabeth Stoddard was praised by her contemporaries because they was dramatic and direct, possessing a frankness unlike that of most other writing of the time
75. The desire to species preservation is a primary motivator for many kinds of animal behavior, including reproduction.
76. Few synthetic vitamins and minerals in pill supplements are absorbed so efficiently by the body that are those occurring naturally in foods
77. Franchising offers many advantages to small business owners( however it is/ even though it is/ despite its/ it is) problematic
78. In practice, setting up a chain of command in a business can be a very complicated task, ( because of / how / as / due to) it involves the interaction of real human beings
79. (where/while/that/from) the lip of an open-pit copper mine, the huge tractors and cranes below look like toys, and people look like tiny ants scurrying about.
80. The personality traits of children are often similar to those that of their parents, but these traits are not always genetically con***ioned.
81. Early in United States history, the rights of woman were championed in Wyoming, the state where they were first guaranteed the right to vote
82. Although certain features of human behavior are known to have a genetic basis, but it is impossible to assess the effects of the encironment on the expression of the many genes that influence behavior.
83. In spite of countless obstacles, Charles Lindbergh remained relentlessly in his efforts to cross the Atlantic in his small monoplane and finally succeeded in the spring of 1927*
84. Giant cuttlefish are camouflage artist, displaying a vivid and expressive range of colors.
85. At dinosaur National Monument in Utah, the ancient remains of many animals are left part unexcavated so that visitors can see how their fossilization occurred
86. Due primarily to ( internal stresses/there were internal stresses/ internal stresses of it/it had internal stresses), the Oneida community broke up in 1880.
87. The formation of a rainbow occurs a process in which light is diffused at varying rates by the surrounding atmosphere resulting in the reflection of different wavelengths of light
88. Ayn Rand, (O of many whose/O whose many of/O whose of many/O many of whose) novels deal with the nature of capitalism in a democracy, is often taught in introductory courses in economics
89. Even for dedicated students, it can be difficult to focus at schoolwork, when there is so much to do on a weekend night in San Francisco
90. The Arctic stratosphere appears susceptibly to pollutants produced thousands of miles
91. The farther an object from the surface of a planet (it weighs the lesser/the less it weights/the less its weight/it weighs less)
92. in order to avoid flooding the market with excess goods, distributators often store their surplus goods in private or public warehouses.
93. The Chinese has settled along the west coast of North America in large numbers, establishing their sizable communities from Vancouver to Los Angeles.
94. It is believed that the modern bird (was evolved from/ evolved from/ evolved/ was evolving from) the pterodactyls that existed millions of years ago.
95. It is the lack of gravity on the moon that makes (possible/ it possible/ to be possible/ it to be possible) leaps of 30 feet or more.
96. The architecture exhibited in the Empire State Building and conveyed us an idea of the prevailing attitudes of the day is important for the historical and cultural value it represents.*
97. in 1976, NASA setted up its Search for Extra-terrestrial Intelligence program, which was designed to seek out evidence of intelligent life on other planets
98. in the mid-1900s, and increasing number of jobs in the United States have involved the handling of information
99. Loggerhead turtles lay thousands eggs at a single time, but only a few survive to adulthood
100. There are approximately 600 different species of trees native of the continental United
101. Bathe in mineral water has long been believed to have beneficial effects.
102. Ralph Blakelock specialized in paint wild, lonely nighttime landscapes, usually with black trees silhouetted against the moon
103. The black walnut tree is grown principally for its lumber, which is used for cabinets and furnitures
104. Plymouth was the soonest of the five colonies established by the pilgrims in Massachusetts *
105. Jaguars which resemble leopards but they are larger and are marked with rosettes rather than spots.
106. The principles used in air-con***ioning are basically the same as those used by the human body to cool himself
107. The belloflower is a wildflower that grows in shady fields, in marshes, and mountain slopes
108. Research in genetics in the early nineteenth century (did/made) much to improve agriculture.
109. Southwestern Boston is made up of Hyde park, west Roxbury, and other pleasant residential neighbors?
110. To make candles, pioneers twisted (xoan) string into wicks, dipped the wicks into hot fat, then hung the candles to cool and hard.
111. (even it is/ despite/ nevertheless, it is/ although) relatively inexpensive, the metal pewter can be fashioned into beautiful and useful object
112. Elfreth?Ts Alley in Philadelphia is the oldest residential street in the United States, with (houses are dated/ the dates of the housed/the dating of houses/houses dating)
113. Adult human generally need about seven or eight hours of sleep while infant(dua tre) need as twice as much
114. All data in computer are changed into electronic pulses by an input unit
115. Before lumberjacks had mechanical equipments, they used horses and ropes to drag logs
116. One and more sentences related to the same topic form a paragraph
117. Cotton fiber, like other vegetable fibers, are composed mostly of cellulose.
118. The native people in the Americas were referred to as Indians because, according to the believe at the time Christopher Columbus had reached the East Indies.
119. Although blood lets a residue in urine and stool samples, it cannot always be detected without the aid of a microscope.
120. It is essential that cancer is diagnosed and treated as early as possible in order to assure a successful cure.
121. Research in the work place reveals that people work for many reasons ( money beside/ money besides/beside money/besides money)
122. If the oxygen supply in the atmosphere was not replenished by plants, it would soon be exhausted
123. (It was while/when/when was/while) as teacher in New England, Webster wrote the Dictionary of the American Language.
124. Although jogging is a good way to lose weight and improve one?Ts physical con***ion, most doctors recommend that the potential jogger begin in a correct manner by getting a complete checkup
125. People with exceptionally high intelligence quotients may not be the best employees since they become bored of their work unless the job is constantly changing
126. Some executives require that the secretary is responsible for writing all reports as well as for balancing the books
127. Diane Arbus?Ts unusual and controversial work includes photograph of celebrities of the sixties
128. The United Nations Organization maintains what water will be at the heart of many future international disputes.
129. An itch( benh ngua) resulting when a nerve that can carry pain is only slightly stimulated
130. The head proctor tells the students when they should begin the exam, how long they have to complete it, and what the procedures are for turning in.
131. It was not until 1937 when the southernmost source of the Nile River was discovered.
132. Platinum is as rare and value metal, while in color, and easy to work
133. The soay sheep, the old breed of sheep in existence, has changed little since 3500 B.C.E
134. as medical costs soar and get higher , the idea of a complete physical checkup has some under fire as a waste of both time and money
135. Plants known so ?oadaptogens? improve human vitality, eliminate stress, and sustain(duy tri) life in the most arduous con***ions
136. Baby teeth require just ( as much care as / as careful as/ the most care / more care than ) later permanent teeth
137. The rupture of the Mareb Dam in ancient Yemen brought it about the collapse of many small kingdoms??.
138. In 1944, the Martha Graham ballet Appalachian Spring, with music by Aaron Copland, premiered with Graham in leading role.
139. The internam pressure of the Earth?Ts molten core forced landmasses to break apart into separate continents billions of years ago , before the Earh?Ts crust has completely cooled..
140. In California, pedestrians have the right to cross at every intersection in both making and unmaking crosswalks, unless a sign specifically prohibits crossing*
141. Form the perspective of an observer on the ground, distant images will appear projected on the sky if there were an inversion of cool, dense air over a hot air mass.
142. Terns and gulls prefer living on sandy beaches, while ducks and gooses opt for living on muddy shors or in salt marshes