Trực thăng-Phần 2

Mil Mi-6
1957

For more than ten years the Mi-6 has remained, dimensionally at least, the world''s largest helicopter, and it was also the first turbine-powered helicopter to go into production in the Soviet Union. The first of five prototypes, flown by Rafail Kaprelian, made its maiden flight in autumn 1957, originally without the shoulder-mounted stub wings which are sometimes fitted to production Mi-6''s. Considering the size of the machine, the flight development period of the Mi-6 was relatively short, and production is believed to have started early in 1960. During flight trials the Mi-6 established a number of impressive load-to-altitude and speed-with-payload records in 1959, most of which it bettered three years later when it set a total of eleven new FAI world records. In one of these, still unbeaten by early 1968, it lifted a payload of 20117kg - greater than the entire weight of the biggest helicopter outside of the Soviet Union, the Sikorsky S-64A. An initial batch of thirty production Mi-6''s was undertaken, but this has undoubtedly now been exceeded, since the Mi-6 is known to be in both military and civil service inside the USSR and examples have also been supplied to the air forces of Indonesia, North Vietnam and the United Arab Republic. As a military transport the Mi-6 is capable of carrying up to 70 armed troops and has large rear clamshell loading doors for heavy loads such as army vehicles or large palleted items of freight. The Mi-6''s in service with Aeroflot are employed mainly as freighters, in which role they have an internal capacity for 12000kg of payload. The standard passenger version seats 65 people normally, although up to 120 persons can be accommodated in a high density seating arrangement. If used as an ambulance, the Mi-6 can carry 41 stretchers and 2 medical attendants.
Despite the existence of the later Mi-10, the Mi-6 is still utilised in the flying crane role, when the stub wings (which provide some 20 per cent of the total lift) are usually omitted. The Mi-6 has already demonstrated publicly its ability to airlift such large items as the Vostok space capsule and would clearly be of equal use in large engineering projects, such as bridge-laying or the transport of oil drilling rigs, etc. The under-fuselage hook can support an externally slung load of 9000kg.

When first announced, following its maiden flight in September 1957, the Mil Mi-6 (NATO reporting name ''Hook'') was by far the world''s largest helicopter. Its maximum payload exceeds the total weight of the Sikorsky S-64A, which on its appearance a decade later was the largest helicopter outside the USSR. Developed to meet both VVS and Aeroflot requirements, the Mi-6 was also the first turbine-powered helicopter to enter production in the USSR. Five aircraft were involved in the development programme, which was completed very quickly for such a revolutionary aircraft, with production beginning in 1960. O.f conventional helicopter configuration, the Mi-6 introduced two readily-detachable short-span shoulder wings which offload the rotor by some 20 per cent in cruising flight; for heavy-lift operations the stub wings are removed to give greater payload capability. The Mi-6 was used in 1962 to set up no fewer than 14 speed and height-with-payload records that were ratified by the FAI; four of these remained unbeaten in 1983. Major production version was the Mi-6A of which more than 800 had been delivered when manufacture ended in 1981. The ''Hook'' was exported to Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iraq, Syria, Vietnam and Peru, where it. is used by both the air force and army. Flown by a crew of five, the Mi-6 has also seen extensive use with Aeroflot in civil engineering support work on projects such as bridge-laying, and as a versatile heavy transport in areas inaccessible to other vehicles. Another version, developed into the Mil-10 ''Harke'', is optimised as a flying crane.
Variants
''Hook A'': basic military transport version able to carry 70 combat-equipped troops or 65-90 civil passengers; also used in the air ambulance role, it can accommodate 41 stretcher cases and two medical attendants; can also be fitted for fire-fighting role with spraying or water bombing equipment; in the freight role the Mi-6 can carry an internal cargo payload of 12000 kg (26,455 Ib)
''Hook-B'': military command support version
''Hook-C: further developed command support version, designated Mi-22, and identified by ad***ional antennas

Technical data for Mi-6
Crew: 5, passengers: 65, engine: 2 x D-25A turboshaft, rated at 4045kW, main rotor diameter: 35.0m, length with rotors turning: 41.74m, height: 9.16m, fuselage width: 3.2m, take-off weight: 42500kg, empty weight: 27240kg, max speed: 300km/h, cruising speed: 250km/h, rate of climb: 6.5m/s, service ceiling: 4500m, hovering ceiling: 1000m, range with 8,000kg payload: 620km, range with max fuel: 1450km, payload: 12000kg

Mil V-7
1957

Experimental 4-seat light helicopter with egg-shaped fuselage, skid u/c, thin triangulated tail boom structure, powered by two AI-7 tip-mounted ramjets. One Prot. FF 1959.

Mil V-5
1959 - project

Mil Mi-10
1960

First demonstrated publicly at Tushino in July 1961, the Mi-10 is a flying crane development of the Mi-6, with which it shares a common powerplant and rotor system. The fuselage has been redesigned with a shallower cabin and a deeper tailboom to give a level and flat under-surface against which its various loads can be hoisted. A tall, four-legged, twin-wheel undercarriage is fitted. The aircraft is normally flown by a flight crew of 3 men, and in ad***ion to slung loads can accommodate up to 28 passengers in the cabin boom. Special wheeled platforms have been designed on which the Mi-10''s loads can be manoeuvred into position and on which they remain during the airborne journey. Typical loads may include a large passenger coach, a prefabricated building or a large freight pallet. Believed to have flown for the first time in 1960, the Mi-10 is thought to be in service both with the Soviet armed forces and with civil agencies. One is operated in the USA by Petroleum Helicopters Inc, who also have an Mi-8.
In March 1966 the USSR revealed for the first time the Mi-10K, a modified version with a much shorter undercarriage and manned by only 2 crew members, one of whom occupies a rearward-facing gondola underneath the nose from which he can supervise the cargo during loading and in flight. The Mi-10 and Mi-10K obviously have the same application to large scientific or engineering projects as does the Mi-6, though whether they are being produced in the same quantities is open to conjecture. At least one Mi-10K has been seen with a conventional tricycle undercarriage; this may have been the machine which in May 1965 established a new load-to-altitude record by lifting a weight of 25105kg to a height of 2840m. The Soloviev engines which power the Mi-10 and Mi-10K are actually scheduled to reach an output of 3500shp, and when this is realised it will enable the Mi-10K to lift a slung load of 14000kg.

Mi-10 first prototype.

Mi-10 first prototype, 1961.

V-10 before its maiden flight.

Mi-10 first prototype during flight tests.

Mi-10 first prototype during flight tests.

Mi-10 first prototype during flight tests.

Mi-10 second prototype during flight tests.

Mi-10 second prototype before its departure to Paris air show, 1965.

Mi-10RVK (9K74) missile helicopter complex with 9P116 missile launcher and 4K95 (S-5V) cruise missile.

Mi-10RVK (9K74) missile helicopter complex with 9P116 missile launcher and 4K95 (S-5V) cruise missile.

Mi-10R record helicopter, 1965.

Mi-10P electronic countermeasures helicopter, 1970.

Mi-10UPL universal field laboratory carrier, 1966.

Mi-10 at Tushino airfield.

Mi-10 at Monino.

Technical data for Mi-10
Engine: 2 x D-25V turboshaft, rated at 4045kW, main rotor diameter: 35.0m, length without rotors: 32.86m, height: 7.8m, take-off weight: 43450kg, empty weight: 24680kg, max speed: 235km/h, cruising speed: 220km/h, service ceiling: 3000m, range with 8,000kg payload: 420km, payload: 8000-12000kg

Bác Freesky à.
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Kính
Mykoyan.

HC 447