CLB Tiếng Anh BE - Nơi hội tụ của những người Việt trẻ, năng động, sáng tạo và chuyên nghiệp - Khai

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1.For Newcomer INTRUCTION HERE-REGISTER HERE - OVERVIEW HERE
2.Topic for this week : Alternative Fuel . MCs :Mr.Doanh - Ms.Phuong /Mr.Cường ?" Ms.Dung
3. Chào mừng hội nghị đã thành công tốt đẹp
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BE ENGLISH CLUB
Time: 8.00 a.m, every Sunday
Location: Viet - Anh English Center
Nghia Tan Secondary School (Near Nghia Tan Stadium)
Yahoo ID: luu_vinh82
Mobile: 09.33.59.66.86
Được mrstorm sửa chữa / chuyển vào 22:40 ngày 02/10/2008
Được mrstorm sửa chữa / chuyển vào 22:54 ngày 02/10/2008

Giờ này BE đang họp hành đây. Không biết có đưa ra Nghị quyết gì không hay lại tốn tiền trà sữa nhỉ

Em là thành viên "tương đối mới" của BE. Mong được các pro tiền bối đi trước chỉ giáo ạh
Tình hình là tháng này BE có nhìu hoạt động hay. E sẽ cố gắng bon chen tất
Được hadopr0 sửa chữa / chuyển vào 23:40 ngày 02/10/2008

Welcome to joining BE club. Đây là môi trường rất tốt để bạn luyện tập kỹ năng nghe nói tiếng Anh, vì vậy mỗi thành viên của BE đều cố gắng hết mình xây dựng CLB vững mạnh qua đó các thành viên có cơ hội khẳng định mình, nâng cao khả năng nghe nói tiếng anh, cũng như tạo phong cách chuyên nghiệp trong giao tiếp. Không những thế bạn có cơ hội làm quen với rất nhiều các "cao thủ võ lâm" trên giang hồ để mở rộng tầm mắt.
Chúc bạn cảm thấy hài lòng khi gia nhập BE!

Fossil Fuels
Recent reports on the current status of the reserves of fossil fuels point to a the need to switch to alternative energies such as Solar Power. The thinking behind our current economic policies has driven an exponential increase in our energy usage over the last 100 years. Unfortunately, the worldwide reserves of oil, gas and coal are limited.
Even without considering environmental impacts, it is clear that at some stage we will not be able to meet our ever increasing energy needs from a finite supply of these non-renewable resources.
To gain the best understanding of how to address our dependence on fossil fuels we need to be fully informed. Follow the links for more background information - with knowledge we can make informed, intelligent decisions that give all of us and the planet the best results.

How are fossil fuels formed?
The processes that have lead to the formation of coal are different to those that produced oil and gas. There is also a body of evidence that suggests abiotic oil formation, which has significant implications on the current state of our estimated energy reserves. Find out about the con***ions required for the formation of these essential energy sources, and how the fractional distillation of crude oil turns the raw material into useful products.
Sources of fossil energy supplies.
We all take for granted filling up the car or turning on the television, but where does the fuel for these come from? Different sources of fossil fuels need to be extracted according to type and location.
How do fossil fuel power stations generate electricity?
We all use electricity every day, and now we can have the facts on how it is generated. Understanding how fossil fuel power stations generate electricity is important if we are to have productive discussion about this at both the personal and governmental levels.
Why is burning fossil energy supplies a bad idea?
Take a look at what happens on a chemical scale when burning fossil fuels. Follow the journey of a simple methane molecule all the way to its transformation into the undesirable Carbon Dioxide.
There are other issues associated with combustion of fossil energy sources. Smog air pollution is a significant health risk to those living in built up areas and despite some measures to improve the situation, photochemical smog continues to pose noticable health risks to city dwellers. Carbon Monoxide Pollution is produced from incomplete fuel combustion and can be detrimental to health even in low doses.
Different types of engines also contribute to either clean or dirty emissions. Four stroke engines are by far the most environmentally friendly version of the internal combustion engine and are used in almost all cars in service today. The two stroke engine is a popular choice for smaller applications, but the 2 stroke exhaust gases are a serious cause for concern.
LPG: is it really an alternative fossil fuel?
LPG has been touted as a good replacement for gasoline, with many governments now keen to reduce their dependence on oil supplies, particularly those from outside the country. What about its environmental credentials though? Is it really an alternative fossil fuel? Find out here.
What are the advantages of fossil fuels?
There are significant advantages of fossil energies for developed countries to continue using these energy sources. The existing infrastructures and economies of most developed nations can at present only survive with continued consumption of fossil energy.
Will fossil energy supplies run out?
Will the supplies of fuels we use today come to an end? Fossil energy sources by their very nature are a limited resource, though some are far more abundant than others.
There is a lot of discussion about Peak Oil facts and global oil production. Are the reserves about to run out, and how do recent discoveries like the Bakken Oil Field change this outlook?
The trend in Australian petrol prices is a reflection of the global rise in oil prices. What, if anything, can be done about this situation? We also need to consider the impact of these prices on us both personally and also as a nation. It is also important to keep in mind the principles behind economic growth and the effect our individual attitudes can have.
Improved fossil fuel technology.
There has been a lot of talk about it, but can Clean Coal live up to the hype? Find out how this experimental technology works and its possible impacts on global greenhouse emissions.
There are also many varieties of petrol, or gasoline, available for use in vehicles with different Octane ratings. Some of these are supposedly better than others, but what is Octane and what does the rating on the pump really mean?
How does carbon dioxide cause the greenhouse effect?
Find out how the much discussed Carbon Dioxide contributes to global warming, also known as the Greenhouse Effect. Understanding the science behind the discussion is an essential motivator for sustained reduction in personal emissions.
Source: www.green-planet-solar-energy.com
Được Heritage81 sửa chữa / chuyển vào 10:29 ngày 03/10/2008

Anh biết em này là em nào rồi - Hhehe rất hoan nghênh em

Hiện tại BE Club vừa thông qua 1 chiến dịch trẻ hoá đội ngũ " lao công " - " Đội đặc nhiệm BE " - Chúc mừng các đồng chí đã được bổ nhiệm vào vị trí của mình
Các đồng chí vào diễn đàn điểm danh nhé - Mai sẽ có danh sách của những người mới hehe
Chúc BE ngày 1 phát triển !!!

Đề nghị bầu Storm chức "đội trưởng đội servant & cleaner"

The topic should be easy to everyone to understand, here is some definitions relatived to topic.
- what is the nuclear energy (power)
- what is the biofuel
- what is food security
And how nuclear energy and biofuel harm and benefit to human being.
1. What is the Nuclear Power?
Nuclear power is energy which is produced with the use of a controlled nuclear reaction. Many nations use nuclear power plants to generate electricity for both civilian and military use, and some nations also utilize nuclear power to run parts of their naval fleets, especially submarines. Some people favor an expansion of nuclear power plants because this form of energy is considered cleaner than fossil fuels such as coal, although nuclear power comes with a number of problems which must be addressed, including the safe disposal of radioactive waste products.
The process of generation nuclear power starts with the mining and processing of uranium and other radioactive elements. These elements are used to feed the reactor of a nuclear power plant, generating a reaction known as fission which creates intense heat, turning water in the plant into steam. The steam powers steam turbines, which generate electricity and feed the electricity into the electrical grid.
When nuclear power is used to power something like a submarine, the reactor runs the engines, with the steam directly powering the engines. In both cases, the reactor requires careful supervision, because runaway nuclear reactions must be stopped as quickly as possible to prevent serious problems. Many nuclear power plants have extensive automated systems which help to identify potential trouble spots, and these systems can also re-route power, turn off parts of the plant, and perform other tasks which make the plant safer and cleaner.
ADVANTAGES:
Nuclear energy tackles 3 of the greatest problems humanity has encountered in its struggle to get energy.
a)Nuclear power plants don''t require a lot of space.
b)It doesn''t pollute (it does, but in a very different way... more about it further on.)
c)Nuclear energy is by far the most concentrated form of energy.
DISADVANTAGES:
õ? One of the main disadvantages of nuclear energy is that nuclear explosions produce radiation, this radiation harms the cells of the body which can make humans sick or even cause them death. Illness can appear or strike people years after they were exposed to nuclear radiation.
õ? A possible type of reactor disaster is known as a meltdown. In a meltdown, the fission reaction of an atom goes out of control, which leads to a nuclear explosion releasing great amounts of radiation.
Here are some examples of meltdowns that have happened through history:
õ? In 1979, at the Three Mile Island near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, the cooling system of a nuclear reactor failed. Radiation escaped, forcing tens of thousands of people to run away. Fortunately the problem was solved minutes before a total meltdown would have occurred, and there were no deaths.
õ? In 1986, a much worse disaster hit Russia''s Chernobyl nuclear power plant. In this incident, a large amount of radiation escaped from the reactor. Hundreds of thousands of people were exposed to the radiation. Several dozen died within a few days. In the upcoming years, thousands more may die of cancers induced by the radiation.
õ? Reactors produce nuclear waste products which emit dangerous radiation, because they could kill people who touch them, they cannot be thrown away like ordinary garbage. Nowadays, lots of nuclear wastes are stored in special cooling pools at the nuclear plants.
õ? The USA plans to move all its nuclear was to an isolated underground dump by the year 2010.
õ? In 1957,nuclear wastes buried at a dump site in Russiaõ?Ts Ural Mountains, near Moscow, mysteriously exploded. This caused the death of dozens of people
õ? Another disadvantage is that nuclear reactors only last for about forty to fifty years.
What is the biofuel?
Introduction
Biofuels are available at ever larger scale. Several countries have opened refueling stations. This review will analyze the concept of a biofuel in more details and try *****mmarize the pros and cons objectively. Some consider biofuels the ultimate solution to fight climate change and high oil prices, but is this a realistic view?
Vegetable oil, made of e.g. rapeseed or sunflower oil, is an alternative for diesel. Gasoline can be substituted by bio-ethanol, produced from sugar cane or wheat. Both diesel and gasoline can be mixed with vegetable oil or bio-ethanol. For example, all Shell gasoline contains two percent bio-ethanol, while Argos'' five percent is even higher. The European Union has mandated that by 2010 5.75% of all transport fuels should be biofuels. Most cars can handle a share of 7 -10% biofuels without any further investment. Some countries, such as Belgium, are ahead of the EU legislation and have mandated a 2.5 percent biodiesel share.
The use of biofuels was particularly popular in Brazil in the mid 1980s. Because of declining oil prices and rising prices of sugar cane, the market for biofuels disappeared quickly in the late 1980s. In recent years the consumption of biofuels has increased quickly. Over 50% of cars sold in Brazil could take bio-ethanol as well as gasoline.
Advantages of biofuels
There are definitely advantages of the use of biofuels. They do not contain sulfur and other pollutants. For the consumer, there are still important disadvantages. Current engines are not suitable for pure biofuels. Biofuels are more viscous than e.g. diesel, which requires a system that heats the fuel before the ignition starts. In Germany, the cost of this transformation is about õ,ơ 800. However, the same mechanism for a gasoline car is much more expensive.
An alternative for this is the purchase of a flexifuel car. This is a car that is suitable for gasoline, pure bio-ethanol, or any mix of the two. Ford already sells two types of flexifuel models, at an ad***ional cost of about õ,ơ 900. In the Netherlands, quite a few people experiment with mixing biofuels and gasoline or diesel.
The extra cost for flexifuel cars is high, but the payback period is short. The main reasons are tax breaks for biofuels adopted by various governments. Many biofuels industry organisations call for higher or extended subsidies, claiming that the market for biofuels is much larger than most government programs can accommodate. In many European countries, the future of these subsidies is uncertain. In Germany, for instance, there are plans to reduce the current incentives.
Including subsidies, the cost of biofuels can be substantially lower than the price of diesel or gasoline. Let''s take the Netherlands as an example. The subsidised price of vegetable oil or bio-ethanol ranges from õ,ơ 0,70 tot õ,ơ 1,00 per liter, as opposed to õ,ơ 1,03 for diesel and õ,ơ 1,38 for gasoline. A price difference of õ,ơ 0,50 per liter implies that the õ,ơ 900 price difference between a tra***ional and flexifuel car can be earned back after 1800 liters of fuel. At a fuel efficiency of 15 kilometers per liter, it takes 27,000 kilometers to break even. A major disadvantage is the limited availability of biofuels at refueling stations. Germany is an exception with 700 biofuel stations.
Disadvantages of biofuels
Biofuels are heavily debated at the moment. At the gas station, the fuel looks nice and clean, but one has to consider the entire production chain to judge its environmental and economic soundness. We highlight the three main issues with current biofuel production: limited CO2 reductions, land and water use and destruction of wild habitats.
Limited CO2 reductions
Many people believe that the production of biofuels is a CO2-neutral process in which organic matter grows (absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere), is turned into a fuel, and combusted (releasing the same amount of CO2). This, however, completely ignores that growing the biomass is a very CO2 intensive process because of the use of machinery and fertilizer. Some estimate that for each tonne of CO2 released during combustion, about 0.75 tonnes of CO2 were used in the production process. This largely undermines the often-mentioned carbon advantages of biofuels. Some experts, such as chemist Richard Templer of the Imperial College London, even claim that the combustion of biofuels is as CO2 intensive as the combustion of diesel. The only remaining advantage is the reduced energy dependence on foreign oil imports.
Land and water use
The first generation biofuels, e.g. growing crops to turn into fuel or electricity, need a lot of land to produce a liter of fuel or a megawatt of electricity. In densely populated countries such as the Netherlands, there is by far not enough space to grow biofuels for the whole economy, even if the entire land surface would be used. This also means that biofuels have to compete with alternative land uses such as food production.
Currently, water constraints in agriculture are getting more and more severe. The introduction of large-scale biofuels would require an immense amount of water. Some experts say that water availability may severely limit further agricultural and economic activity in the future, including the use of biofuels.
Destruction of wild habitats
As explained above, growing biomass increases the demand for agricultural land. A very alarming phenomenon is that many tropical countries, such as Indonesia, have shown sharply increased deforestation rates as palm oil plantings are being created. This eliminates much of the CO2 advantages, because of the CO2 that is released when forested areas are burnt or cut down. Even worse, pristine rain forests and their ecological functions are being destroyed. Recently, this phenomenon has attracted more policy attention. This is important, because many uninformed consumers would probably not have the feel-good experience when purchasing biodiesel if they really knew the entire production chain...
All these reason indicate why the current "first generation" biofuels does not seem feasible on a large scale. A promising development is the research on a "second generation" biofuels. This technology extracts energy from cellulose, which would make it possible to get much more energy from a single plant and hence reduces the need for ad***ional farmland. This would decrease the environmental impact of biomass production. This technique is still fledgling, but EnergyPortal will keep you posted on the developments in this area.
Biofuels: clean energy or myth threatening world food security?
BEIJING, May 7 (Xinhua) -- Biofuels, derived from crops and once a promising alternative to petroleum, have come under increasing fire in the face of a global food shortage that has spurred chaos in dozens of countries.
Many argue that by diverting grain and oilseed crops from dinner tables to fuel tanks, biofuels are pushing up world food prices and endangering the poor.
Moreover, a large proportion of rain forests and wetlands featuring rich biodiversity have been bulldozed and burned to make ay for crops used to produce corn ethanol, soy bio-diesel and palm oil.
FOOD SHORTAGE, SOARING PRICES
African Development Bank (ADB) President Donald Kaberuka has said that up to 135 million Africans have been deeply affected by the rise in food prices.
He said food shortage in Africa now amounts to 36 million tons, and 12 African countries, in particular Guinea, Gambia, Djibouti, Egypt, Sudan and Chad, have been the hardest hit.
Rice prices in the Asian market have almost tripled this year, with countries like Indonesia and Vietnam imposing curbs on food exports in a bid to secure domestic food safety.
The food crisis topped the agendas of many recent regional and world gatherings, and even industrialized countries are now feeling the pinch.
BIOFUELS BEHIND HUNGER THREAT
Faced with surging oil prices, the United States has long strived to develop alternative energy resources.
The country''s ethanol production has quadrupled from 1.6 billion gallons in 2000 to an estimated 6.4 billion gallons in 2007, with a large part of it coming from corn.
In December 2007, President George W. Bush signed the Energy Independence and Security Act, mandating an increase in corn ethanol production to 15 billion gallons by 2015 and 36 billion gallons by 2022.
To ensure smooth implementation of the act, the U.S. government has promised a subsidy of 0.51 dollar per gallon of corn ethanol.
It is estimated that corn production in the United States will stand at 332 million tons in the 2007-2008 season, with 100 million tons of that going into fuel tanks. This will inevitably cut back on market supply and push the already inflated prices higher.
However, Washington is not alone in using crops to produce biofuels in a bid to offset pressures from tight energy supplies. Many European countries and developing economies such as Malaysia and Brazil also rely on such energies, once cheered as green and more easily available.
VOICES AGAINST BIOFUELS
An adviser to UN chief Ban Ki-moon urged the United States and Europe on Monday to cut down on biofuel production, or risk a worsening of the food crisis affecting millions of the world''s poor.
"We need to cut back significantly on our biofuel programs," Jeffrey Sachs, special adviser to UN Secretary-General Ban on anti-poverty goals, said at a press conference in Brussels.
"Biofuels were understandable at a time of low food prices and large food stocks but do not make sense now in a con***ion of global food scarcity," Sachs said.
In the United States, 24 Republican senators, including presidential candidate Sen. John McCain, sent a letter to the Environmental Protection Agency on Friday, urging that changes be made in last year''s energy act.
"This subsidized (ethanol) program -- paid for by taxpayer dollars -- has contributed to pain at the cash register, at the dining room table, and a devastating food crisis throughout the world," McCain said in a statement.
Meanwhile, a sturdy fight against biofuels is also being put up by many environmentalists, who believe that they have led to the rapid shrinking of ideal carbon storehouses like rain forests, wetlands and other wildernesses, leading to increased global warming.

Xin nhờ anh chị em BE 1 chút.

Kính gửi anh chị em trong CLB Tieng Anh BE thân mến!!!!
Đồng kính gửi anh chị quan tâm đến việc học Tiếng Nhật và có thể sau này sẽ tham gia ROOM ?oCùng nhau học Tiếng Nhật? trên Paltalk
Xin tự giới thiệu, cách đây 1 năm, MapGis tôi cũng là 1 thành viên nhiệt tình của English Club và CLB BE ,EC. Nhưng giờ đang học Tiếng Nhật, nên chuyển vùng hoạt động sang Box Japan.
Hiện giờ BOX JAPAN thuộc TTVNOL đang tổ chức bầu cử MOD mới. Trong các thành viên tham gia ứng cử, có 2 thành viên của ROOM ?oCùng nhau học Tiếng Nhật?:
3. Takeshikazuo
4. Truong_Chi_Buon
Ngoài ra còn vài ứng cử viên nữa. Thành viên Takeshi và Truong_Chi_Buon đều đã từng là MC của ROOM, Tiếng nhật giỏi và rất nhiệt tình với ROOM (Đặc biệt là bác Takeshi, cái này giống giống bác Đăng bên BE + ?oEC ngày xưa?). Vậy kêu gọi member của CLB mỗi người 1 phiếu và kêu gọi thêm bạn bè để ủng hộ bác Takeshi và Truong_Chi_Buon (Nhưng theo ngu ý của tớ, để cạnh tranh với thành viên onamiowada thì chúng ta nên tập trung phiếu vào bác Takeshi là người đang có triển vọng hơn.
Đây là đường link của TOPIC tranh cử, topic này sẽ được đóng vào 9/10, nên các bác tranh thủ bớt chút thời gian rỗi để bỏ phiếu luôn cho ứng viên.

http://www10.ttvnol.com/forum/jc/1098088/trang-14.ttvn
Thay mặt ROOM ?oCùng nhau học Tiếng Nhật? trên Paltalk và những người bạn. Xin chân thành cảm ơn!!!!